• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.259-265
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• 2002

Phthalate analogues are a plasticizer and solvent used in industry. Phthalates were reported to be a potential carcinogen classified in the category of suspected endocrine disruptors. Most common human exposure to these compounds may occur with contaminated food. They may migrate into food from plastic wrap or may enter food from general environmental contamination. Since these substances are not limited to the original products, and enter the environment, they have become widespread environmental pollutants, thus leading to a variety of phthalates that possibly threaten the public health. Concern about their use has been mounting. To screen and elucidate the endocrine disrupting activity and their mechanism of phthalate analogues, first of all, E-screen assay was performed in MCF7 human breast cancer cells with seven phthalate analogues. In this cell proliferation assay, only dibutyl phthalate (DBP) showed weak estrogenic activity. Also the yeast-based transcription assay to assess the interactions of DBP with the estrogen, androgen, and progesterone receptors was conducted. DBP in the concentration ranges from 10$^{-16}$ to 10$^{-11}$ M was active in the estrogen transcriptional assay, but it did not show the effect on $\beta$-galactosidase activity in the progesterone and androgen transcriptional assays. These data indicate that DBP shows estrogenic potential and can be classified as weak and/or suspected endocrine disrupting chemicals.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2005년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.143-148
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• 2005

Plastics and vinyl resin is generally used in the various fields of industry and daily life. Except incineration, most waste has been disposed finally in landfill and the leaching of plasticizer as DEHP(di 2-ethylhexyl phthalaet) has been taken place in the landfill. DEHP had been found. for endocrine disrupter by World Wild Life Fund and Japan. In this study aimed at estimation of capacity of adsorption and measurement of phthalate ester in the residual soil. The residual soil had been gathered from three closed landfill which was under stabilization with sorting and transferring. The Dibutyl phthalate and DEHP had been contained in all residual soil. Especially, resisual soil contained DEHP much more than peripheral soil. In J landfill residual soil, organic matter content, CEC and #200 sieve passing ratio is highest, and Freundlich isotherm sorption coefficient(K) and constant(1/n) is highest.

• 멤브레인
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.449-457
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 수처리 분리막의 적용을 위하여 기계적 물성과 내화학성이 우수한 poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF)의 특성평가를 진행하였다. 열유도상분리법을 통한 분리막을 제조하기 위하여 사용된 희석제는 dibutyl-phthalate(DBP)를 사용하였으며, 고분자와 희석제의 비율에 따른 결정화 온도, 녹는점, 흐림점, SEM 이미지 등을 관찰하였다. 고분자의 함량이 높아질수록 결정화 온도 및 녹는점은 높아졌으며 반대로 흐림점 온도는 낮아짐을 확인하였다. 최종적으로 상평형도 작도를 통하여 고분자함량 62 wt%, 제막 온도 $125^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 안정적인 분리막이 제조 가능함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.176-186
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• 2022

Continued fenvalerate use has caused serious environmental pollution and requires large-scale remediation. Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) was discovered in fenvalerate metabolites degraded by Citrobacter freundii CD-9. Coculturing is an effective method for bioremediation, but few studies have analyzed the degradation pathways and potential mechanisms of cocultures. Here, a DBP-degrading strain (BDBP 071) was isolated from soil contaminated with pyrethroid pesticides (PPs) and identified as Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila. The optimum conditions for DBP degradation were determined by response surface methodology (RSM) analysis to be 30.9 mg/l DBP concentration, pH 7.5, at a culture temperature of 37.2℃. Under the optimized conditions, approximately 88% of DBP was degraded within 48 h and five metabolites were detected. Coculturing C. freundii CD-9 and S. acidaminiphila BDBP 071 promoted fenvalerate degradation. When CD-9 was cultured for 16 h before adding BDBP 071, the strain inoculation ratio was 5:5 (v/v), fenvalerate concentration was 75.0 mg/l, fenvalerate was degraded to 84.37 ± 1.25%, and DBP level was reduced by 5.21 mg/l. In addition, 12 fenvalerate metabolites were identified and a pathway for fenvalerate degradation by the cocultured strains was proposed. These results provide theoretical data for further exploration of the mechanisms used by this coculture system to degrade fenvalerate and DBP, and also offer a promising method for effective bioremediation of PPs and their related metabolites in polluted environments.

• 분석과학
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.178-189
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• 2012

생식독성 및 내분비계 장애물질로 분류되는 프탈레이트가 근자에 유럽 신화학물질관리제도(REACH)의 허가대상 고위험성 물질(SVHC) 목록 및 유럽의 전기전자제품에 함유된 유해물질 규제인 RoHS II의 최우선 고려 물질 등으로 규제가 강화되면서 IEC TC 111에서 분석법 표준화가 진행되고 있으며 KS 개정도 이루어지고 있다. 본 고에서는 프탈레이트 분석법의 KS 개정 및 한국 NC에서 제안하여 진행되고 있는 IEC 62321에 프탈레이트 분석법을 추가함에 있어 기술적 자료로 사용될 수 있도록 현존하는 국가별 표준의 용매 추출 전처리를 비교 및 검증해 보았다. PVC (polyvinyl chloride)에서의 DEHP (diethylhexyl phthalate)의 추출 효율은 메탄올, 톨루엔, 디클로로메테인. 헥세인 순으로 46.9%에서 95.3%까지 증가하였다. DBP (dibutyl phthalate), BBP (butylbenzyl phthalate) 및 DEHP의 속슬렛을 사용한 추출 시간은 6시간이 최적임이 입증되었고, PVC, nitro cellulose, ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), and EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer) rubber 등의 매트리스로부터의 추출 효율도 90%~99%로 측정되었다. 용매추출에 이은 GC-MS 분석법의 검출한계는 용액 및 고분자 샘플에서 각각 0.08 ~0.3 ${\mu}g/mL$ 및 8~30 mg/kg으로 산출되었다. 공산품에서 프탈레이트를 분석하는 국가표준에서 용매 추출 전처리를 사용하는 EN 14372, ASTM D 7083, 일본 후생노동성 시험법(MHLW 0906-4) 및 KS M 1991을 비교한 결과 4개 국가별 표준 모두 98%~99%의 추출효율을 가짐이 검증되었다. 또한, 국내에서 유통되는 어린이 장난감, 전기 코드, 매니큐어의 공산품 3종에서 프탈레이트 함유 여부를 분석한 결과 DBP 및 DEHP가 22~1,910 mg/kg 범위로 검출되었다.

• 전기의세계
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.89-94
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• 1977

In order to investigate the properties of radiation resistance together with dielectric, and mechanical relaxation behaviors of polyvinylcholoride exposed to several different doses under the .gamma.-ray of Co$^{60}$ source, several observations were carried out on the exposed specimens propared by mixing dibutyl-tin-dilaulate and dibutyl-tin-dimaleate as stabilizer with or without adding dioctyl-phthalate as plasticizer. Conclusions obtained from the study are as follows: The origin of the absorption band at 1,540-1,640$cm^{-1}$ / on I.R. spectrum seems to be RCOO- ion originated from ionization of the stabilizer, and this peak can be useful as a measure of radiation resistance on polyvinylchloride. Addition of increasing plasticizer to polyvinylchloride exhibits increasing radiation resistance and the reason for this result may be attributed to aromatic resonance absorption of radiation energy by diotylphthalate. On dose dependent dielectric characteristics, nonplastized specimen shows a peak at about 10 Mrad and that this peak disappears on the plastification of specimens. Those phenomena may be explainable in considering the statistical distribution of scissored chain molecular segments as well as the plastification process of plasticizer to polyvinylchloride chain molecules.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.76-89
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• 2018

Background: Exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has been considered one of the main causes of a range of endocrine diseases in modern society. An EDC priority list considering exposure, toxicity, and societal concern should be established for EDC management. Methods: The chemical ranking and scoring (CRS) system for EDCs was based on exposure, toxicity,and societal concern. The exposure score system was based on usage, circulation volume, bioaccumulation, and detection in consumer products. The toxicity score system was based on carcinogenicity and reproductive and developmental toxicity. The societal concern score system was based on domestic or international regulations and mass media reports. Results: A total of 165 EDCs were considered in the CRS system. The top-five priority EDCs were Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), Benzene, Bisphenol A, Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and Trichloroethylene. Phthalates, bisphenols and parabens were identified as priority chemical groups. Conclusion: We developed a CRS system for EDCs to identify priority EDCs for management. This will be a foundation to provide an EDC management plan based on scientific decision-making.

• 청정기술
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.124-133
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• 2011

2006년 시행되어 온 RoHS 규제에 유해물질을 추가하여 더 강화된 RoHS II의 공표에 대비하여 본 연구에서는 RoHS II의 최우선 규제 물질이면서 2010년 발표된 REACH SVHC 후보목록에도 포함된 물질인 Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) 및 3종 프탈레이트, Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), Diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP)의 국내 전기 전자제품내의 함유 여부를 사전 검토해보려는 목적으로 사례 연구를 진행하였다. 이에 고분자 소재로 구성된 세탁기, 냉장고, 혹은 전자렌지의 부품 20개를 12개 전기전자 부품 생산회사로부터 수거하여 4종 규제 물질을 기체크로마토그래피 질량분석법으로 분석하여 그 함유량을 측정한 결과 Nitrile Butadine Rubber (NBR), Polypropylene (PP), Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT), Ethylene Propylene Rubber (EPDM), Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) 등의 소재로 된 부품 중 HBCDD는 NBR 소재로 된 3종 부품에서 42~381 mg/kg 범위로 검출되어 규제값 0.1 wt% (1,000 mg/kg)보다는 적지만 주의를 요한다. DBP 및 BBP는 20개 부품모두에서 검출되지 않고 있어 이 두 물질은 전지전자 제품용 플라스틱 소재에서 넓게 사용되지 않고 있을 가능성을 시사하고 있다. 그러나 DEHP는 40~59,400 mg/kg 범위로 NBR, PP, PBT, EPDM 및 PVC로 이루어진 부품에서 모두 검출되어 광범위하게 사용되고 있음을 알 수 있었고 특히 NBR 및 PVC로 이루어진 8개 부품에서 예상 규제치인 0.1 wt% (1,000 mg/kg)을 훨씬 능가한 0.45~5.94 w%로 검출되고 있어 이에 대한 대비가 필요함을 알 수 있었다. 추가로 REACH SVHC (고위험성 물질)에 속하는 Diarsenic pentaoxide, Diarsenic trioxide, Lead hydrogen arsenate, Triethyl arsenate의 4종 물질의 함유 여부를 ICP에 의한 비소(Arsenic) 분석으로 스크리닝해 본 결과 NBR, PBT 소재의 4개 부품에서 15~700 mg/kg으로 검출되었고 이 중 PBT소재의 부품인 Thermistor에서는 규제되는 비소화합물이 규제값(0.1 wt%, 1,000 mg/kg)을 초과할 가능성이 매우 높다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.165-167
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• 2008

The performances of tetracycline based cation selective polymeric membrane electrodes of many sets with different plasticizers were investigated as the selectivity of ion-selective electrodes and optodes are greatly influenced by membrane solvent and also controlled by plasticizers. The membrane 1 with Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate (DOS) and additive shows good potentiometric performance toward Ca2+ (slope: 27.8 mV per decade; DL: -4.52) including selectivity. Contrastingly, membrane 4 with Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) shows near-Nernstian response, it has also shown the best measuring range and detection limit for Ca2+ (29.5 mV and -5.10) and Mg2+ (24.4 mV and -5.04) and the least selectivity has been also observed between Ca2+ and Mg2+. When the membrane 1 and 4 were used together to flow system, we could determine the concentration of Ca2+ and Mg2+, simultaneously.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제44권10호
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• pp.548-553
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• 2007

Ceramic green sheets consisting Bi-based glass frit were fabricated for an application to PDP transparent dielectric front panel. The dispersion condition of the slurry for tape casting was pre-examined, and two kinds of hinder and plasticizer were used in the non-aqueous slurry system. In the fabrication process for the frit film, the properties such as dry and firing shrinkage, elongation, and transmittance were examined at the condition of various mixing ratio of plasticizers. In the mixing ratio of polyethylene glycol to dibutyl phthalate of 3:5wt%, a good adhesion, elongation and transmittance were observed at the firing temperature of $580^{\circ}C$. The photograph for the cross section of the interface was also showed a dense microstructure.