• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.41-51
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• 2022

PURPOSE: The functional limitations in stroke survivors promote sedentary lifestyles and quality of life inadequacies, but there is increasing evidence that this could be minimized by physical exercise. Therefore, this study examined the effects of physical exercise on the quality of life (QoL) and functional capacity (ability to stand up from a sitting position) among stroke survivors drafted from two tertiary hospitals in Osogbo, Nigeria. METHODS: A purposive sampling technique was used to select 21 registered right or left outpatient hemiplegic stroke survivors in a pre- and post-test experimental research design. The research questions were presented using descriptive statistics of frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation, while an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test the study hypothesis at the .05 alpha level for significance. RESULTS: Compared to the baseline (week 0), there were significant increases in the general quality of life, healthy well-being, physical exercise, pain perception, and environmental domains of QOL among the survivors in week four. Moreover, a significant increase was observed in these indices in week eight, compared to week four, except for the pain perception domain. Compared to the baseline, there was a significant decrease in the time it took the stroke survivors to stand up from a sitting position in week four. A significant decrease was observed in this index in week eight compared to week four. CONCLUSION: Marked corridor 20 meters brief walking exercise for eight weeks significantly improved the quality of life and ability to stand up from a sitting position in stroke survivors in Osogbo, Nigeria.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.395-409
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to optimize the number and positions of foot pressure sensors using the reliability analysis of the center of pressure (COP) in smart shoes. Background: Foot pressure can be different according to foot region, and it is important which region of the foot pressure needs to be measured. Method: Thirty adults (age: $20.5{\pm}1.8years$, body weight: $71.4{\pm}6.5kg$, height: $1.76{\pm}0.04m$) participated in this study. The foot pressure data were collected using the insole of Pedar-X system (Novel GmbH, USA) with a sampling frequency of 100Hz during 1.3m/s speed walking on the treadmill (Instrumented treadmill, Bertec, USA). The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated between the COP positions using 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 99 sensors, while one-way repeated measure ANOVA was performed between the standard deviation (SD) of the COP positions. Results: The medio-lateral (M/L) COP position using 99 sensors was positively correlated with the M/L COP positions using 6, 7, and 8 sensors; however, it was not correlated with the M/L COP positions using 4 and 5 sensors during landing phase (1~4%) (p<.05). The antero-posterior (A/P) COP position using 99 sensors was positively correlated with the A/P COP positions using 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 sensors (p<.05). The SD of the COP position using 99 sensors was smaller than the SD of the M/L COP positions using 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 sensors (p<.05). Conclusion: Based on our findings, it is desirable to arrange at least 6 sensors in smart shoes. Application: The study of optimizing the number and positions of foot pressure sensors would contribute to developing more effective smart shoes using foot pressure technology.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.83-90
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• 2020

Objective : Heart rate variability (HRV) is known to reflect autonomic nervous system activity. Individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are reported to have lower HRVs. We attempted to find HRV indices with head up tilt position that reflect the symptoms well in order to evaluate PTSD symptoms. Methods : Sixty-seven patients with PTSD and 72 patients without PTSD were assessed using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), the Beck Depression Inventory, the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. HRV was measured in the head-up tilt position. We collected data regarding heart rate (HR), standard deviation of the NN intervals (SDNN), the square root of the mean squared differences of successive NN intervals (RMSSD), log low-frequency (LNLF) and log high-frequency (LNHF). Results : The value of LNHF was different according to presence or absence of PTSD after head-up tilt position. In the findings of the association between PTSD symptoms and HRV indices as based on head-up tilt, LNHF had a significant correlation with the total score of PCL-5. Conclusion : The reduction of the high-frequency component of HRVs in the PTSD group might reflect more PTSD symptoms.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.59-63
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• 1981

For the purpose of surveying accuracy of the position fix and local fluctuation of Omega signals in south coast of Korea, the author observe continuously the phase difference of the A-C pair and A-E pair form December 1, 1980, to February 28, 1981, at Cheju(33$^{\circ}$31'.0N, 126$^{\circ}$31.9E) and Busan(35$^{\circ}$7'.9 N, 129$^{\circ}$6'. 3 E). The analyzed results are as follows: 1. Omega signals at Cheju and Busan are positive correlation. Mean value of coefficients during all measured time is 0.70 with A-C pair and 0.75 with A-E pair. 2. Range of mean value of difference between the measured PPC at Cheju and Busan is 17.7~21.3 cels with A-C pair and -2.9~2.0 cels with A-E pair. 3. In case of using the differential Omega at Cheju and Busan, mean value of total errors of the position fix is 1.52 miles and its standard deviation is 0.21 miles.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.476-484
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• 2019

RFID yoking proof proves that a pair of tags is scanned at the same time. Since the tags scanned simultaneously by a single reader are adjacent to each other, the yoking proof is used in applications that need to check the physical proximity of tagged objects. Most of the yoking proof schemes require pre-knowledge on adjacent tags. If an error occurs in the process of collecting information about adjacent tags, all subsequent proofs will fail verification. However, there is no research that suggests specific methods for obtaining information about adjacent tags. In this study, I propose a tag proximity information acquisition scheme for a yoking proof. The proposed method consists of two steps: scanning area determination and scanning area verification. In the first step, the size and position of the area to scan tags is determined in consideration of position and transmission range of the tags. In the next step, whether tag scanning is performed within the scanning area or not is verified through reference tags of the fixed position. In analysis, I show that the determined scanning area assures acquisition of adjacent tag information and the scanning area verification detects deformation and deviation of the scanning area.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.717-723
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• 2020

Determination of local tie vectors between the space geodetic techniques such as VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometer), SLR (Satellite Laser Ranging), DORIS (Doppler Orbit determination and Radiopositioning Integrated on Satellite), GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) is essential for combination of ITRF (International Terrestrial Reference Frame). Therefore, it is required to compute IVP (Invariant Point) position of each space geodetic technique with high accuracy. In this study, we have computed Sejong VLBI IVP position by using updated mathematical model for adjustment computation so that the improvement on efficiency and reliability in computation are obtained. The measurements used for this study are the coordinates of reflective targets on the VLBI antenna and their accuracies are set to 1.5 mm for each component. The results show that the position of VLBI IVP together with its standard deviation is successfully estimated when they are compared with those of the results from previous study. However, it is notable that additional terrestrial surveying should be performed so that realistic measurement errors are incorporated in the adjustment computation process.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.142-149
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• 2022

Purpose: This study seeks to compare the dosimetric parameters of the bulk electron density (ED) approach and synthetic computed tomography (CT) image in terms of position variation of the air cavity in magnetic resonance-guided radiotherapy (MRgRT) for patients with pancreatic cancer. Methods: This study included nine patients that previously received MRgRT and their simulation CT and magnetic resonance (MR) images were collected. Air cavities were manually delineated on simulation CT and MR images in the treatment planning system for each patient. The synthetic CT images were generated using the deep learning model trained in a prior study. Two more plans with identical beam parameters were recalculated with ED maps that were either manually overridden by the cavities or derived from the synthetic CT. Dose calculation accuracy was explored in terms of dose-volume histogram parameters and gamma analysis. Results: The D_95% averages were 48.80 Gy, 48.50 Gy, and 48.23 Gy for the original, manually assigned, and synthetic CT-based dose distributions, respectively. The greatest deviation was observed for one patient, whose D_95% to synthetic CT was 1.84 Gy higher than the original plan. Conclusions: The variation of the air cavity position in the gastrointestinal area affects the treatment dose calculation. Synthetic CT-based ED modification would be a significant option for shortening the time-consuming process and improving MRgRT treatment accuracy.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.23-46
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• 1992

The electrical, mechanical and optical capabilities have been tested of the microdensitometer PDS 1010GMS at the Korea Astronomy Observatory. The highest stage of scan speed 255 csu (conventional speed unit) is measured to be 47 mm/s. At this speed the position is displaced by $4{\mu}m$ to the direction of scanning and the density is underestimated by $0.4{\sim}0.7D$. Standard deviation in the measured density is proportional to $A^{-0.46}$, where A is the area of scan aperture. The accuracy of position repeatability is ${\pm}1{\mu}m$, and that of density repeatability is ${\pm}(0.003{\sim}0.03)D$. Callier coefficient is determined to be 1.37; the semispecular density is directly proportional to the diffuse density up to 3.5D. Because the logarithmic amplifier has a finite response time, the densities measured at high scan speeds are underestimated to the degree that speeds higher than 200 csu are inadequate for making an accurate astronomical photometry. After power is on, an about 5 hour period of warming is required to stabilize the system electrically and mechanically as well. On the basis of this performance test, we have determined the followings as the optimum scan parameters for the astronomical photometry: For the scan aperture $10\;\sim\;20{\mu}m$ is optimal, and for the scan speed. $20\;{\sim}\;50$ csu is appropriate. These parameter values are chosen in such a way that they may keep the density repeatability within ${\pm}0.01D$, the position displacement under $1{\mu}m$, and the density underestimation below 0.1D even in high density regions.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.458-467
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• 1991

In this paper, the cause of linear prediction error is analysed and the theoretical basis for nomalizing the format bandwidth to 0is given and its validity is verified. The formant and bandwidth in relation to the position of the poles of AR filter are measured for an alaysis of the relation between the pole position and the formant bandwidth. By changing the glottis reflection coefficient to 1. the pole position and the formant bandwidth. By changing the glottis reflection coefficient to 1. the effect of the glottis is eliminated and as the result a new linear preiction coefficients are obtained by normalizing the formant bandwidth of the signal to 0. since these coefficients are symmetrical, the standard deviation is larger than the coefficients with fixed glottis reflection coefficient. The bit rate for speech coding can be reduced by a factor of 2 without any loss of information. Through computer simulation, recognition rate of 96.7% is botained by using the proposed algorithm in recognizing 5 Korean vowels in noisy environment.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.10 no.3 s.21
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• pp.29-40
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• 2002

In photogrammetry, the accuracy is analyzed by using the coordinate of the targeted position determined by the geometric principle, thus, the reliability depends on the accuracy of the coordinate of the targeted position. Thereby, geographic surveying is essential to perform such tasks, and it requires approximately $30{\sim}50%$ of total cost and times to produce a finalized map. The main purpose of this study is to determine the configuration of the disposition of minimum datum points and their configuration, which were determined by surveying values available through using the structure of block model based on the aerotriangulation. ortho projection image was produce and digital topographic map was achieved by the optima model(CASE7). We also performed comparative analysis about the result of local datum point and the accuracy of overlapping based on the surveying results. Consequently, it is possible to analyze the unknown position accurately with the optimal model., CASE 7, which is the minimum datum points configuration required to block adjustment. Furthermore, this optimal model, which provides the minimum datum points, results costs and time saving effects compared to the previous methodology.