• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.23-63
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to develop and verify the Relational Self Scale(RSS). Based on the theoretical assumptions which relational self is multi-dimensional and constructed in social contexts, 10 categories with 102 items were yielded. In the process of content analysis, item analysis, exploratory factor analysis and correlation analysis by administering 102 items to korean adults, 31 items with 7 factors are extracted. The 7 factors are consisted of 'avoidance of relation', 'consciousness of others', 'agency', 'instrumental relation', 'empathy-care', 'perceived support from relation' and 'over-dependency to relation'. Next, Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted with 649 korean adults aged from 20's to 60's. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed the RSS as a valid scale. The 7 factors of the RSS fitted well with men and women. The internal consistency of the RSS was proved to be acceptable. The latent mean analysis indicated that the relational self was not significantly different between men and women at 7 factors. Correlation analysis showed that the construct of relational self was significantly related to relational self-construal, self-esteem and attachment to parent and intimacy person. This study has implication in that relational self is defined and assessed as multi-dimensional construct, and that by administering RSS it is possible to evaluate distinctive korean people's relational self.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.313-342
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• 2014

A Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA), Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) benchmark for Uncertainty Analysis in Modeling (UAM) is defined in order to facilitate the development and validation of available uncertainty analysis and sensitivity analysis methods for best-estimate Light water Reactor (LWR) design and safety calculations. The benchmark has been named the OECD/NEA UAM-LWR benchmark, and has been divided into three phases each of which focuses on a different portion of the uncertainty propagation in LWR multi-physics and multi-scale analysis. Several different reactor cases are modeled at various phases of a reactor calculation. This paper discusses Phase I, known as the "Neutronics Phase", which is devoted mostly to the propagation of nuclear data (cross-section) uncertainty throughout steady-state stand-alone neutronics core calculations. Three reactor systems (for which design, operation and measured data are available) are rigorously studied in this benchmark: Peach Bottom Unit 2 BWR, Three Mile Island Unit 1 PWR, and VVER-1000 Kozloduy-6/Kalinin-3. Additional measured data is analyzed such as the KRITZ LEU criticality experiments and the SNEAK-7A and 7B experiments of the Karlsruhe Fast Critical Facility. Analyzed results include the top five neutron-nuclide reactions, which contribute the most to the prediction uncertainty in keff, as well as the uncertainty in key parameters of neutronics analysis such as microscopic and macroscopic cross-sections, six-group decay constants, assembly discontinuity factors, and axial and radial core power distributions. Conclusions are drawn regarding where further studies should be done to reduce uncertainties in key nuclide reaction uncertainties (i.e.: $^{238}U$ radiative capture and inelastic scattering (n, n') as well as the average number of neutrons released per fission event of $^{239}Pu$).

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.927-943
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• 2011

What are the critical factors in deciding future career to the gifted and talented students? The present study started with this question, and was to develop a career decision-making scale for scientifically gifted undergraduates. For this, literatures related to the scientifically gifted/talent and scientists' career decision-making were reviewed and examined in depth. Based on the review of the related literature, the developed scale of career decision-making was comprised of 26 items in 6 factors, such as individual aptitude & self-realization, economic aspect, work & leisure, familial influence, parents/teachers' recommendation, and experience of science activity during the school days. For the preliminary exploratory factor analysis, 153 undergraduate students who were majoring in natural sciences and engineer participated in the study. For the confirmatory factor analysis, 264 undergraduates who were awarded the presidential scholarships and 93 undergraduates who completed a university-affiliated gifted education center participated. The results of the study are as follows. The fit of measurement model was found to be $x^{2}$=645.157 (df=279, p=.00), TLI=.924, CFI= .935, RMSEA=.061, indicating most of fit indexes were acceptable. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ in each sub-factor was quite high, .82 for individual aptitude & self-realization, .94 for economic aspect, .84 for work and leisure, .88 for familial influence, .79 for patents/ teachers' recommendation, and .79 for experience of science activity during the school days. The results of the study were discussed whether the developed scale could be used as a valid and reliable tool for measuring career decision-making factors of the scientifically gifted undergraduates in our country.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.53-71
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• 2016

Unconventional computer vision and image processing techniques offer significant advantages for experimental applications to shaking table testing, as they allow the overcoming of most typical problems of traditional sensors, such as encumbrance, limitations in the number of devices, range restrictions and risk of damage of the instruments in case of specimen failure. In this study, a 3D motion optical system was applied to analyze shake table tests carried out, up to failure, on a natural-scale masonry structure retrofitted with steel reinforced grout (SRG). The system makes use of wireless passive spherical retro-reflecting markers positioned on several points of the specimen, whose spatial displacements are recorded by near-infrared digital cameras. Analyses in the time domain allowed the monitoring of the deformations of the wall and of crack development through a displacement data processing (DDP) procedure implemented ad hoc. Fundamental frequencies and modal shapes were calculated in the frequency domain through an integrated methodology of experimental/operational modal analysis (EMA/OMA) techniques with 3D finite element analysis (FEA). Meaningful information on the structural response (e.g., displacements, damage development, and dynamic properties) were obtained, profitably integrating the results from conventional measurements. Furthermore, the comparison between 3D motion system and traditional instruments (i.e., displacement transducers and accelerometers) permitted a mutual validation of both experimental data and measurement methods.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.377-388
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• 2015

Purpose: To identify user requirements for electronic nursing record (ENR) systems so as to ensure system usability. Methods: A mixed methods approach were applied in three steps : (i) task and workflow analysis with literature review of nursing documentation, (ii) literature reviews of system usability, and (iii) Use Case idenfication and consensus-based validation. We analyzed the nursing activity logs collected from a time-motion investigation of six hospitals. The Use Cases were validated by eight clinical experts from different hospitals and two experts from academia in a sequential Delphi survey. Consensus was achieved for the significance score and agreement among the panel. Results: Eight task groups and patterns of task flow were observed, which were translated into nine Use Cases. The specification of Use Cases was derived from principles, guidelines, and recommendations on nursing documentation and electronic health record systems, which was organized into three requirements of each Use Case: functionality, information, and design characteristics. Each Use Case achieved an agreement of 50~70%, and significance scores of 4 or 5 on a 5-point Likert scale. Conclusion: The nine Use Case identified were considered to be important and adequate in terms of both clinical and informatics contexts.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.59-68
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• 2009

This paper aims to explore the factors of learner's flow and to develop and validate a scale to measure the flow in Massive Multiplayer Online Role Playing Game(MMORPG) for education. First of all, potential factors were drawn through literature review. The potential stage comprises 6 factors(learner's psychological characteristics, learner's skill, importance of game, environment for learner, instructional design, and instructional environment) and 16 subfactors. With total 48 items developed. a survey was carried out among 293 elementary learners who had been participating in a commercial MMORPG for English skills to measure their flow in the MMORPG by utilizing the potential scale. Using the responses collected from 288 respondents, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis were performed. The expository factor analysis showed that items within each sub-factors could be bound into one factor. That is, the variables evaluating learner's flow were divided into six factors(learner's psychological characteristics, learner's skill, importance of game, environment for learner, instructional design, and instructional environment). And these factors were interpreted consisting of 16 sub-ones. Reliability estimates indicated that the evaluation tool had good internal consistency. The confirmatory factor analysis did confirm the model suggested by the expository factor analysis. Over fit measures(CFI, NFI, NNFI) showed the good suitability of the model. Findings of this study confirmed the validity and reliability of the scale to measure learner's flow in MMORPG.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.84-93
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• 2012

The information generated from large and complex construction projects transfer and evolve in long-term business cycle. Therefore, while there is any problem, such as delay, the cause of the problem might relate to the previous business process rather than where it arises. However, for complex project players and business relationships, it is unsuitable to search an information flow using traditional retrieval methods. This research addresses a relationship-based information search system to analyze the information flow in large-scale and complex construction projects. First, we identified the components of the information retrieval system customizing for a large-scale complex construction projects, and then developed the inference algorithm which define the relationship between business processes. For the validation, we applied the system on a business information system of urban regeneration projects and suggested some application using information flow retrieval system for project players and project managers. Using the system, players are easy to prepare for their work process and managers can define the causal flow of the problem.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.56-73
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• 2007

Demands have been growing in safety-critical application fields for producing networked real-time embedded computing (NREC) systems together with acceptable assurances of tight service time bounds (STBs). Here a service time can be defined as the amount of time that the NREC system could take in accepting a request, executing an appropriate service method, and returning a valid result. Enabling systematic composition of large-scale NREC systems with STB certifications has been recognized as a highly desirable goal by the research community for many years. An appealing approach for pursuing such a goal is to establish a hard-real-time (HRT) component model that contains its own STB as an integral part. The TMO (Time-Triggered Message-Triggered Object) programming scheme is one HRT distributed computing (DC) component model established by the first co-author and his collaborators over the past 15 years. The TMO programming scheme has been intended to be an advanced high-level RT DC programming scheme that enables development of NREC systems and validation of tight STBs of such systems with efforts far smaller than those required when any existing lower-level RT DC programming scheme is used. An additional goal is to enable maximum exploitation of concurrency without damaging any major structuring and execution approaches adopted for meeting the first two goals. A number of previously untried program structuring approaches and execution rules were adopted from the early development stage of the TMO scheme. This paper presents new concrete justifications for those approaches and rules, and also discusses new extensions of the TMO scheme intended to enable further exploitation of concurrency in NREC system design and programming.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.733-755
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• 2014

This study aims to develop and validate Creative Problem Solving Profile Inventory (CPSPI) which is a scale to measure the creative thinking style, based on the CPS theory. For redeeming the limits of existing scales, this study developed an inventory which includes an evaluation for cognitive ability as well as cognitive preference and the stage to share an idea with others and persuade (Persuasion & communication stage). At the early stage, 7 factors (stages) and 82 items were developed and finally, 5 factors and 39 items were selected through item analysis and validation of construct validity. In conclusion, CPSPI will be used as an educational tool for self-development by knowing own's strengths and weaknesses in the creative problem-solving process, and help in displaying cooperative creativity by understanding other people and interaction, based on creative thinking profiles of group members.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.409-422
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• 2017

TOD (Transit-Oriented Development) is one of the urban structure concentrated on the multifunctional space/district with public transportation system, which is introduced for maintaining sustainable future cities. With such trends, the project of building complex transferring centers located at a urban railway station has widely been spreaded and a comprehensive and systematic analytical framework is required to clarify and readily understand the complicated procedure of estimation with the large scale of the project. By doing so, this study is to develop a comprehensive analytical framework for estimating a pedestrian OD matrix using a spatial information and an integrated smart card data, which is so called a data depository and it has been applied to the Samseong station for the model validation. The proposed analytical framework contributes on providing a chance to possibly extend with digitalized and automated data collection technologies and a BigData mining methods.