• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.12
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• pp.159-175
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• 2000

This study examined the relations of acculturation and parenting behaviors of 279 Korean-Chinese mothers living in Yanbian Area in China to Adjustment of their eighth- and ninth-grade children. The mothers completed a questionnaire consisted of items regarding daily eating habits(food life) and language use, the acculturation scale, and the parenting scale, and their children completed the depression, self-esteem, and social competence scale. While most of mothers preferred Korean food to Chinese food, they preferred Chinese to Korean in daily language use. The mothers'ethnic identity was negatively related to depression of their children, whereas their out-group orientation was positively related to social competence of their children. In general, the relation between mothers'acculturation and adjustment of their children was not mediated by their parenting behaviors. But maternal warmth and acceptance partly mediated the relation between their out-group orientation and social competence of their children. These results imply that their acculturation tends to have direct effects on adjustment of their children.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.15-25
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• 2020

Prevalence of pediatric obesity has increased worldwide in the last 20 years. Obese children suffer not only physical complications but also mental health problems such as depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and eating disorders, as well as psychosocial impairments, such as school adjustment problems, bullying, and low self-esteem. Recently, there have been some studies on the association of mental health problems and pediatric obesity. In the treatment of pediatric obesity, many previous studies suggest multidisciplinary treatment. However, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has attracted attention because obese children are accompanied by body image distortion, emotion dysregulation, and difficulties in stimulus control. This review is a narrative summary of the recent studies on mental health problems and CBT in pediatric obesity. The relationship between depression/anxiety and pediatric obesity is still inconsistent but recent studies have revealed a bidirectional relation between depression and obesity. Additionally, some studies suggest that obese children may have eating disorder symptoms, like loss of control eating, and require therapeutic intervention for pediatric obesity treatment. Furthermore, impulsivity and inattention of ADHD symptom is thought to increase the risk of obesity. It has also been suggested that CBT can be very effective for mental health problems such as depression, impulsivity, and body image distortion, that may coexist with pediatric obesity, and use of multimedia and application can be useful in CBT.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.81-94
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• 2016

Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the relations among psycho-social factors regarding child neglect and abuse using the data from the 2013 Korea National Survey on Children and Youth. Methods: Data from a sample of 1,062 primary caregivers with young children were analyzed with the SPSS and AMOS programs to examine the interrelationships among depression, parenting stress, marital satisfaction, parent-child attachment, and child neglect or maltreatment. Results: Depression, stress, and attachment had a direct influence on child neglect and abuse. Satisfaction with marital relationship, parenting stress, and attachment were found to play mediating roles in accounting for child neglect and abuse, explaining 12% of the variance. The results of multi group path analysis showed that some coefficients were different according to the age group of the children. For caregivers with infants, parenting stress did not predict either attachment or child maltreatment, whereas for caregivers with toddlers, depression did not have a significant effect on attachment. Conclusion: In order to prevent child maltreatment, efforts should be made to develop community-based psycho-social support interventions focused on marital relationship as well as parent-child dyads and to provide practical child care support.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.44 no.11
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• pp.23-34
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to examine: (1) how mothers generally react to children's negative emotions; (2) whether there were relationships between children's temperament and mothers' reactions to children's negative emotions; (3) whether there were relationships between mothers' depression and parenting stress, and their reactions to children's negative emotions; (4) whether there were relationships between mothers' reactions to children's negative emotions and children's behavior problems; and (5) whether there were relationships between mothers' reactions to children's negative emotions and children's social competence. The subjects were 246 preschoolers and their mothers. It was found that emotion-focused socialization and problem-focused socialization were the most frequently used reactions by mothers to cope with children's negative emotions. Relationships between children's temperament and mothers' reactions to children's negative emotions, those between mothers' depression and parenting stress and their reactions to children's negative emotions, those between mothers' reactions to children's negative emotions and children's behavior problems, and those between mothers' reactions to children's negative emotions and children's social competency were all partially significant. Sex differences were found in some of the relationships found significant.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.201-218
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• 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of experiences in close relationships with teachers for young children on their depression and to see whether there would be a mediating effect of their self-compassion. Methods: The subjects were 206 teachers recruited from Seoul and five different provinces who currently worked at the kindergarten and child care centers and agreed to participate in the survey. The data were analyzed by means of frequency, percentages, Cronbach's reliability coefficient and Pearson's correlation using SPSS 25.0 and model 4 provided in The PROCESS macro for SPSS 3.4 version. Results: The findings were as followed. First, the teachers' degrees of anxiety and avoidance for their close relationships were below the median scores. In contrast their degree of self-compassion was above the median score. In addition, their level of depression was relatively low. Second, both of the teachers' anxiety and avoidance for their close relationships had a positive impact on their depression and their self-compassion, and there were the partial mediating effect in both cases. Conclusion/Implications: These results imply that the early attachment experience connecting the experience in close relationships in the adulthood is important and that it is necessary to develop a program to enhance teachers' self-compassion to protect their psychological well-being.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.175-181
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• 2008

Objectives: This study was conducted to compare the mothers' rearing attitude of ADHD children and that of children with depressive disorder. Methods: The participant consisted of 58 school-aged children diagnosed as ADHD, 14 children diagnosed as depressive disorder based on DSM-IV criteria. Normal control group consisted of 34 school-aged children who are free of any diagnosis of psychiatric disorders. Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire, Parenting Style Questionnaire, Children's Depression Inventory, Marital Satisfaction Scale, Beck's Depression Inventory were administered to all children and their mothers. Results: The parents of ADHD children showed more aggressive/hostile, neglecting/indifferent and less warm/affectionate parenting styles to their children than those of the depression and control groups. The depressive group perceived their parents as more rejecting than the control groups. Conclusion: The externalizing symptoms of ADHD might provoke parental distress and make it difficult for the parents to show positive rearing attitude toward their children. The depressive children might be more sensitive and perceptive to the negative sign of their parents' rearing attitude.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.21-40
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• 1999

Path analysis was used to determine variables influencing the self-esteem of 222 4th, 5th, and 6th grade children in law-income families. The children and their mothers responded to questionnaires on self-esteem, child psychological traits, mother psychological characteristics, economic hardship, and child rearing practices. Mothers' warmth-acceptance child rearing behavior was facilitating of children's self-esteem. However, mothers' economic stress had an indirect impact via their depression on decrease in the warmth-acceptance variable. Permissive-nonintervention child rearing behavior decreased the level of children's self-esteem. However, mothers' depression and marital confilct(??) deriving from economic stress increased both rejection-restriction and permissive-nonintervention styles of child rearing. Mothers who experienced much stress due to economic hardship influnced(??) children's perception of their family's poverty and thereby lowered their children's self-esteem.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.179-189
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effect of depression on the relationship between self-esteem and life satisfaction of children from low-income class. The subjects were 385 children from low-income class in two municipalities. As research methods, frequency, descriptive, correlation statistical analysis using SPSS 20.0 program was conducted. The hypothesized model was tested using structural equation model to identify that model fits best to the collected data. The analysis indicates that depression had direct and negative effects on the life satisfaction. Depression mediates partially the relationship between self-esteem and life satisfaction. This study provides theoretical and practical implications for increasing self-esteem had positive effects on decreasing depression and pressing for improvement of life satisfaction level of children from low-income class.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.115-134
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• 2015

The main purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between latent classes of childhood maltreatment and depression anxiety and aggression from childhood to adolescence. 1,785 participants in a sample form Seoul Panel Study of Children were used in this study. Using latent class analysis, three classes of child maltreatment were identified: 'low maltreatment'(89.2%), 'physical+emotional abuse+neglect'(1.9%), 'physical+emotional abuse'(8.9%). Three developmental trajectories of depression anxiety were classified: 'low depression anxiety'(72.3%), 'moderate depression anxiety'(23.3%), 'high depression anxiety'(4.4%). Two developmental trajectories of aggression were revealed: 'low aggression'(89.3%), 'high aggression'(10.7%). As estimated by latent transition probability, the multiple maltreatment classes were more likely to have higher levels of depression anxiety or aggression than the no maltreatment class. There appeared to be distinct profiles of maltreatment among adolescents that had differential associations to measures of internal and external problems. The implications for both practice and policy implications are also discussed.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.41-57
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• 2004

The subjects in this study were 442 5th and 6th grade school children in Seoul. Data were analyzed by Pearson's correlation, Stepwise Multiple Regression, and MANOVA. The principal findings were that worry, depression, and trait anxiety were positively related to meta-cognitive knowledge, particularly, meta-worry, positive beliefs about worry, negative beliefs about worry, lower appraisal about cognitive competence, and cognitive self-consciousness. These traits were also positively related to such metacognitive regulation strategies as worry displacement, self punishment, reappraisal, and social control. Metacognition influenced worry, depression, and trait anxiety; groups having more problems worry, depression, and trait anxiety showed high scores in metacognitive knowledge and metacognitive regulation strategies.