• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.141-149
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify risk factors of accidental falls by age in the Korean elderly. Methods: The study subjects included 10,242 community-dwelling elders aged 65 or over. The data were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. Results: The risk factors of accidental falls in the younger old group (aged 65~74) include fear of falling (OR=16.28, 95% CI: 12.03~22.03), depression (OR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.06~1.44), and hearing impairment (OR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.01~1.43). The risk factors of accidental falls in the older old group (aged 75~84) include fear of falling (OR=11.54, 95% CI: 7.04~18.93), muscle strength (OR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.15~1.60), number of chronic disease (OR=1.65, 95% CI: 1.09~2.50), and presence of spouse (OR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.06~1.51). The risk factors of accidental falls in the oldest old group (aged 85 years old or older) include fear of falling (OR=8.05, 95% CI: 1.85~34.98) and exercise (OR=2.91, 95% CI: 1.36~6.24). Fear of falling is defined as a common factor in the all age groups. Conclusion: Different strategies should be developed for age groups to prevent elderly falls with understanding of contributing factors of falls in each group.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.699-713
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• 2019

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the relationships of oral and systemic health-related characteristics with health-related quality of life (EQ-5D) in the elderly, and factors related to quality of life were compared according to age subgroups classified as either younger (young-old) or older (old-old) than 75 years of age. Methods: Data acquired by the Sixth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHANES) from 2013 to 2015 were used, and the research target was 3,124 people aged 65 years or older. A complex samples general linear model was used to identify health-related quality of life factors. Results: Education, economic activity, depression, stress, regular walking, self-rated oral health, pronunciation problems, and unmet dental care had significant effects on quality of life in both young-old and old-old participants. Marriage, income, number of systemic diseases, sleeping, and chewing inconveniences were significant factors for the young-old but not in the old-old participants. Instead, obesity and drinking were identified as significant factors in the old-old participants. Conclusions: We reaffirmed that factors affecting health-related quality of life in older adults differed by age group. We also confirmed the impact of oral health-related characteristics on this quality. Therefore, to improve quality of life for older adults, it would be efficient to divide groups by age and develop and implement programs that take relevant factors into consideration.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.136-147
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was conducted to compare the degree of depression between men and women and to identify factors influencing their depression. Methods: Participants in this cross-sectional descriptive study were 263 persons over 65 years old (men: 103, women: 160). Data were collected through face to face interviews using questionnaires and were done in two urban areas in 2010. Research instruments utilized in this study were SGDS, MMSE-K, SRH, FILE, sleep pattern scale, family and friend support scale, and social support scale. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to identify factors influencing depression in elders. Results: The proportions of participants with depression were significantly different between men and women (52.4% vs. 67.5%). Regression model for depression in elderly men significantly accounted for 54%; disease stress (32%), economic stress (10%), perceived health status (4%), and family support, educational level, age, and hypertension. Regression model for depression in elderly women significantly accounted for 47%; disease stress (25%), perceived social loneliness (8%), friend support (5%), family stress (4%), and sleep satisfaction, and family support. Conclusion: Results demonstrate that depression is an important health problem for elders, and show gender differences for factors influencing depression. These results could be used in the developing depression prevention programs.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.148-156
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was to identify the relations among health-promoting behaviors. self-esteem and depression in the vulnerable elderly in an urban community. Method: The subjects were 185 vulnerable elderly adults aged over 65 in D city, who were selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected by a questionnaire survey. The tools used in this study are the HPLP developed by Walker(1987), the Self-esteem Scale developed by Rosenberg (1965), and the Geriatric Depression Scale developed by Yesavage & Brink(1983). Collected data were analyzed with the SAS program using descriptive statistics. Pearson's correlation coefficient, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan's multiple-range test and stepwise multiple regression. Result: Self-esteem and depression was in a negative correlation with each other (r=-0.21), but no significant correlation was observed between HPB and depression. HPB and self-esteem were in a positive correlation with each other (r=0.38). The most powerful predictor of depression was self-esteem and, next, leisure activity and the type of family living together. The three factors accounted for 41.1% of the variance in depression in the vulnerable elderly. Conclusion: These results suggest that self-esteem, leisure activity, and the type of family living together can be potential risk factors for old age depression. These findings may give useful information for developing visiting nursing service programs focused on depression in the vulnerable elderly.

• 한국노년학
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.363-388
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• 2019

본 연구는 중·노년기 성인들의 주관적 연령이 주관적 안녕감과 우울에 미치는 영향에서 삶의 의미의 매개 효과를 검증하였다. 만 40세 이상 성인 394명을 대상으로 자기보고식 설문을 통해 주관적 연령, 삶의 의미, 주관적 안녕감, 우울을 측정하였다. 첫째, 인구사회학적인 변인에 따른 주관적 연령의 차이 분석에서 학력이 높고, 지각된 건강상태가 좋은 중·노년들이 그렇지 않은 중·노년들에 비해 주관적으로 자신을 더 젊다고 지각하였다. 둘째, 젊은 주관적 연령은 삶의 의미와 주관적 안녕감에 정적 영향을, 우울에 부적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 삶의 의미는 주관적 연령과 주관적 안녕감 그리고 우울간의 관계를 유의미하게 매개하는 것으로 확인되었다. 즉, 중·노년 성인이 주관적으로 젊게 지각할수록 삶의 의미 수준이 높아지고, 높은 삶의 의미를 통해 주관적 안녕감은 높아지고 우울감이 낮아지는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 노화과정에서 생활연령보다 젊게 지각하는 경향성이 정신건강의 보호요인으로 작용하며, 이 과정에서 삶의 의미가 갖는 매개 역할이 중요하다는 것을 시사한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.477-484
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was to identify the relationship between stress, social support and depression in the elderly. Method: The subjects were 283 elderly adults over 60 in Seoul. Data was collected by questionnaire surveys using convenience sampling. The instruments used in this study are the ELSI developed by Aldwin(1990), the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List developed by Cohen & Hoberman (1983), and the Geriatric Depression Scale by Yesavage & Brink(l982). Data was analyzed by the SAS program, using descriptive statistics, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, t-test, ANOVA and progressed Multiple Regression. Result: The relationship between stress and depression had a positive correlation (r=0.33), but the relationship between stress and social support had no significant correlations. The relationship between social support and depression had a negative correlation (r=-0.38). The most powerful predictor of depression was the economic status and then a combination of stress, and social support account for 39% of the variance in depression in the elderly. Conclusion: These results suggested that stress and social support deficits can be potential risk factors in old age depression. Therefore, these findings give useful information for constructing an intervention program focused on depression in the elderly.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.49-59
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• 1997

Backgrounds : There has been many studies investigating the causes of farmers' syndrome. In some studies, psychologic stress is related to farmer's syndrome. And the diagnostic criteria of farmer's syndrome is similar to those of generalized anxiety disorder. So we carried out this study to investigate the psychiatric causes of farmers' syndrome. Methods : This study was done in some rural and urban areas of Kyoungsangnam Province, July, August, October and November of 1996. Those who came to free medical service and completed interview, medical examination and laboratory examination and 20-59 years old were 150 persons. And those who came to health center for health examination and completed only interview and 20-59 years old were 94 persons. The questionnaire was composed of sociodemographic factors, health risk factors, farmer's syndrome, work load, BEPSI(inventory to measure stress), Spielberger's state-trait anxiety inventory, self-rating depression scale. To examine statistical significance, we used X2-test, Mantel-Haenszel test for linear association, t-test, ANCOVA, correlation, multiple regression, logistic regression. Results : The prevalence of farmer's syndrome, adjusted for age and sex with population of Kyungsangnam Province of 1993 was 208 per 1,000(90 per 1,000 in men and 329 per 1,000 in women). In bivariate analysis, farmer's syndrome was significantly related to age, sex, job, income, smoking, alcohol drinking, work load, BEPSI, state anxiety, trait anxiety, depression, body mass index, Hwa-Byung, hypertension, anemia. However, when age and sex were adjusted, job was not significantly related to farmer's syndrome. The score of farmer's syndrome was significantly related to age, sex, work load, BEPSI, trait anxiety by multiple regression. Farmer's syndrome was significantly related to increasing age(odd ratio 1.079, 95% C.I. 1.060 - 1.099), sex(odds ratio of male 0.434, 95% C.I. 0.349 - 0.540), and BEPSI(odds ratio 1.231, 95% C.I. 1.148 - 1.320) by logistic regression. Results of logistic regression analysis of the component symptoms of farmer's syndrome were as follows. Shoulder stiffness was significantly related to increasing age, female sex and BEPSI. Lumbago was significantly related to increasing age, female sex and trait anxiety. Numb limbs and nocturia was significantly related to increasing age and female sex. Breathlessness was significantly related to work load, sleeplessness was significantly related to depression, dizziness was significantly related to job and state anxiety, and abdominal fullness was significantly related to female sex. Conclusion : Farmers' syndrome was related to work load, but was more related to psychiatric factors such as BEPSI and trait anxiety. And the occupation was not risk factor of farmers' syndrome in this study, so further study is needed to investigate the cause of farmers' syndrome.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.27-42
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• 2005

본 연구는 노인의 영적인 안녕 정도를 측정하여 그들의 영적 안녕정도가 불안, 우울 및 삶의 질에 어떠한 영향을 미치고 있는 것인지를 검토하고, 불안 및 우울과 같은 노인의 정신 건강 상태를 평가할 때 영적 안녕이 중요한 요인으로 인정되는지 여부를 평가하기 위하여 활동성 노인 184명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 영적 안녕 정도는 영적 안녕 척도를 사용하였는데 두 개의 하위 척도인 종교적 안녕과 실존적 안녕으로 평가를 하였으며, 불안과 우울은 불안 우울 통합척도를 사용하여 측정하였다. 삶의 질에 대한 평가는 삶의 질에 대한 척도를 이용하여 주관적인 삶에 대한 느낌(QOL1)과 전반적인 삶에 대한 만족도(QOL2)로 나누어 평가하였다. 먼저, 영적 안녕 정도에 유의하게 영향을 미친 정신사회적인 요인들에는 교육을 받은 경우(p<.001), 종교가 있을 때(p<.001), 종교에 대한 만족도가 높을 경우(p<.001), 신체적으로 건강할수록(p<.01), 신체적 병력이 없는 경우(p<.05), 생활에 대한 만족도가 높을 경우(p<.001) 영적안녕척도 점수가 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 실존적 안녕척도 점수에서 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 다음으로, 영적 안녕 정도와 삶의 질을 향상시켜주면서 불안과 우울을 감소시켜준 공통적인 정신사회적 요인으로는 종교의 만족 정도, 신체적 건강 상태 및 생활의 만족 정도 등으로 평가되었다. 마지막으로, 영적안녕척도점수와 불안, 우울 및 삶의 질 간의 관계를 살펴보고자 상관관계 분석을 한 결과, 영적안녕정도와 불안, 우울 및 삶의 질이 유의한 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 중다 회귀분석을 통해 평가한 결과, 영적 안녕 정도 중 특히 실존적 안녕 정도가 높을수록 불안 우울 통합 척도의 불안(p<.001)과 우울(p<.001) 모두가 낮아졌으며, 삶의 질 척도 중 삶에 대한 주관적인 느낌에 대한 척도 점수(QOL1)는 유의하게 감소(p<.001)하였고, 삶에 대한 전반적인 만족도(QOL2)는 유의하게 증가(p<.001)하였다. 따라서 종교적 안녕 정도보다 실존적 안녕 정도가 더 밀접한 영향을 미쳤다. 이상과 같이 활동성 노인에게 있어 영적 안녕 정도와 불안, 우울 및 삶의 질이 유의한 상관관계가 있었으며 노인 정신건강에 대한 평가를 실시할 경우 영적안녕이 중요한 요인이 됨을 검증해 볼 수 있었다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.458-469
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• 2020

노년기 우울증은 뇌의 병리적 변화와 관련이 있으며 장기적으로 인지기능 손상 및 치매 발병 위험을 높이는 것으로 알려져 있다. 그러나, 인지 예비능 이론에 따르면 고학력 등 높은 인지 예비능은 뇌의 병리가 임상적인 증상으로 발현되는 것을 늦추거나 완화시키기 때문에 교육 수준에 따라 노년기 우울증이 장기적인 인지기능에 미치는 영향이 달라질 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 노년기 우울이 장기적인 인지기능에 미치는 영향이 교육 수준에 따라 다르게 나타나는지를 확인하기 위해 고령화연구패널의 자료를 분석하였다. 고령화연구패널에 등록되어 있는 10,254명 중 연구 선정 기준에 부합되는 4,905명을 대상으로 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과, 우울 점수가 높을수록 12년 후 인지기능 점수가 낮았으며(β=-.20, p<.001), 우울 점수가 인지기능 점수에 미치는 부적인 영향은 성인 집단에 비해 노인 집단에서 더 높았다(β=-.12, p<.001). 그러나 우울 점수가 인지기능에 미치는 영향에 대한 연령 집단 간 차이는 저교육 집단에서만 유의하였다(β=-.12, p<.001). 이는 저교육 노인에게서 나타나는 우울증이 장기적으로 치매 발병 위험을 높일 수 있음을 시사한다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2019

본 연구는 한국의 중고령자(45세 이상)를 대상으로 자산과 삶의 만족 간에 관계에서 우울감의 매개효과를 검증하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 국민노후보장패널(KReIS) 5차 본조사(2013년) 데이터를 활용하였다. 자료분석을 위해 SPSS 21.0과 AMOS 25.0을 사용하였다. 분석방법은 기술통계분석, 상관관계 분석, 회귀분석, 경로분석 등을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 첫째, 중고령자의 자산은 우울감에 부(-)적인 영향을 미쳤고, 우울감은 삶의 만족에 부(-)적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 둘째, 중고령자의 자산은 삶의 만족에 정(+)적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 셋째, 중고령자의 자산은 우울감의 매개를 거쳐 삶의 만족에 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 이상의 분석결과를 바탕으로 중년세대의 자산형성 지원 프로그램 도입과 노인세대의 기초연금의 보편적 실시와 점차적인 급여인상 등의 지원방안을 제시하였다.