• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.78-84
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-esteem, social support, smartphone dependency and internet game dependency of college students. Methods: This was a descriptive study. The survey participants were 299 college students in M city and I city. The data were collected from June 2 to June 20, 2014 and self-report questionnaires including Self-Esteem Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Smartphone Dependency Sale, Internet Game Dependency Scale. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent-sample t-test, ANOVA, stepwise multiple regression. Results: Social support & smartphone dependency showed significant differences according to gender. Smartphone dependency was found to have a statistically negative correlation with self-esteem, social support and positive correlation with internet game dependency. Internet game dependency was found to have a statistically negative correlation with self-esteem, social support. Social support was found to have a statistically negative correlation with self-esteem. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the significant predictors of smartphone dependency were internet game dependency, gender, self-esteem, accounted for 16.6% of the variance. Conclusion: It is necessary for reduction program of college students' smartphone dependency that consider their internet game dependency, gender, self-esteem.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.57-73
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• 2019

Objective: This study aimed to examine the moderating effect of elementary school students' perception of open communication with their parents in relationship to smartphone dependency and school adjustment. Methods: Participants included 300 fifth and sixth graders attending P and A elementary schools in Gyeonggi Province. Descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis were performed to analyze data. The level of significance was set at p < .05 for all analyses. Results: The results of the present study are as follows: First, male students showed higher levels of smartphone dependency than female students, and students' smartphone dependency increased according to age. The students' smartphone dependency was negatively associated with their school adjustment and their perception of open communication with their parents. Second, the students' perception of open communication with their fathers was found to moderate the relationship between smartphone dependency and school adjustment. Conclusion/Implications: These findings indicate that open communication between parents and their elementary school-aged children can buffer the adverse effects of smartphone dependency on school adjustment. This study provides implications for parent education and counseling to improve parent-child communication and subsequently build strong, positive family relationships.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.35-54
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• 2015

Smartphone is affecting not only our everyday life but also our business, directly causing diverse side-effects. But up until now, many researches that have been conducted on smartphone were focused on continuance intention for smartphone use and user satisfaction. Thus, the objective of this research is to investigate the effects that smartphone dependency has on digital dementia which is one of negative effects of smartphone. For the purpose, we have reviewed studies that are related to perceived characteristics of existing smartphones. As perceived characteristics variables, we have adopted perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. And to present our research model, we have adopted smartphone dependency as psychological attitude variable and digital dementia as consequence variable. To implement an empirical analysis of our research model, we have conducted a survey with college student groups as research target who use smartphone most.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.459-474
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• 2023

This study aimed to examine the effect of parentification on the smartphone dependency of upper elementary school children in double-income families and to verify whether ambivalence over emotional expression and loneliness sequentially mediates the relationship between parentification and smartphone dependency. The participants were 311 upper-elementary school students (4th to 6th graders; 126 boys, 40.5%) in doubleincome households residing in Seoul, Gyeong-gi, and Incheon. The data were collected through an online self-report questionnaire completed by the participants and were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 and Mplus 8.7 software. The results can be summarized as follows. Firstly, the direct effect of parentification on the smartphone dependency of the children from double-income families was statistically insignificant. Secondly, ambivalence over emotional expression mediated the effect of parentification on smartphone dependency, while loneliness did not. Lastly, parentification influenced smartphone dependency through the sequential mediating channel of ambivalence over emotional expression and loneliness. In conclusion, these findings indicate that interventions for smartphone-overdependent children from double-income families should place emphasis on children's psychological difficulties attributed to parentification. Specifically, this study highlights the importance of alleviating the levels of ambivalence over emotional expression and loneliness to address the issue of children's smartphone dependency in double-income families, suggesting possible involvement and support at both household and societal levels.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.145-156
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• 2018

This study investigates the effects of over-parenting behavior and peer-alienation on adolescents' school adjustment and explores the mediating effects of smartphone dependency on the above relations. The subjects were 1,882 first grade students in middle school selected from the 7th year data of the 2010 Korea Children and Youth Panel Survey (2010 KCYPS). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, structural equational models, and Sobel test with SPSS 21.0 and Amos 18.0. The findings were as follows. First, there was no significant difference in the school adjustment according to gender. However, boys were higher in the perception of over-parenting behavior and peer-alienation, and girls were higher in smartphone dependency. Second, peer-alienation and smartphone dependency had negative impacts on the school adjustment. But over-parenting behavior had no significant effect on school adjustment. Third, smartphone dependency played a mediator role between over-parenting behavior and peer-alienation as well as the school adjustment. Fourth, there were no significant differences between boys and girls in the relations among over-parenting behavior, peer-alienation, smartphone dependency and school adjustment. But there was a slight difference in influence. The findings of this study suggest that interventions on how to use smartphone correctly are important for improving adolescents' school adjustment. In addition, gender differences in school adjustment should be considered for a better understanding.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.577-586
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 청소년의 스마트폰 의존의 영향 요인들을 확인하고, 요인들 간의 작용하는 직·간접 경로를 통해 스마트폰 의존에 미치는 영향정도를 확인하는 것이다. 한국아동·청소년패널조사(KCYPS 2018)의 2차년도 자료를 이용하였고, SPSS 26.0 및 26.0 AMOS 프로그램을 사용하여 분석하였다. 여섯 개의 경로가 통계적으로 유의한 것으로 판명되었다. 자아존중감과 우울이 청소년의 스마트폰 의존에 직접적으로 영향을 미쳤다. 사회적 위축과 학교 환경은 자아존중감과 우울을 매개 요인으로 청소년의 스마트폰 의존에 영향을 미쳤다. 청소년의 스마트폰 의존은 개인적 요인뿐 아니라 학교 환경과 같은 사회적 요인도 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구의 결과는 청소년들의 스마트폰 의존을 예방할 수 있는 프로그램을 개발하는데 근거자료로 제시될 것이다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of depression and smartphone dependency with female college students' career decision-making self efficacy. Methods: This was a descriptive study. The survey participants were 497 female college students in M City and S City. Data were collected from November 16 to December 4, 2015 using self-report questionnaires including BDI (Beck Depression Inventory), Smartphone Dependency Scale, and CDMSES-SF (Career Decision-Making Self Efficacy Scale-Short Form). Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, independent-samples t-test, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Career decision-making self efficacy showed significant differences according to religion. Smartphone dependency was found to have a statistically significant negative correlation with career decision-making self efficacy and a positive correlation with depression. Depression was found to have a statistically significant negative correlation with career decision-making self efficacy. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the predictors of career decision-making self efficacy were depression (7.1%), religion (1.8%), and smartphone dependency (1.3%), accounting for a total of 10.6% of the variance. Conclusion: This study suggests that interventions to promote female college students' career decision-making self efficacy should consider their depression, religion, and smartphone dependency.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.573-583
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• 2024

Smart devices have become an essential part of human life; however, excessive dependency on these devices has become a serious issue for both children and adults. In this study, a research model was developed which hypothesized that mothers' smartphone addiction influences children's media dependency, and that this effect is sequentially mediated by mothers' work-family strains and parental monitoring. To test this hypothesis, an analysis of data from the 13th Wave of Panel Study on Korean Children (PSKC), conducted in 2020, was performed. The data were collected from 726 children (359 boys, 367 girls) with an average age of 12.23 years (SD=.30). The analysis was conducted using SPSS 27.0 and Process MACRO Ver. 4.2. The results were as follows. Maternal smartphone addiction increased mothers' work-family strains, which in turn lowered the level of parental monitoring, which was associated with an increase in children's media dependency. Furthermore, mothers' smartphone addiction had a partial mediation effect on children's media dependency. In sum, this study revealed that the mothers' smartphone addiction increased children's media dependency, and this effect was sequentially mediated by an increase in mothers' work-family strains and a decrease in parental monitoring. This study verifies that mothers' smart device usage as well as their working environment has a significant effect on children's media dependency. Therefore, to increase parental monitoring of children's media usage, mothers' work-family strains need to be reduced.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.191-199
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of anxiety and smartphone dependency on sleep quality in pregnant women with preterm labor. Methods: The participants of this study were 111 pregnant women who were between 20 and 37 weeks of gestation and experienced preterm labor. The data were collected from October 1, 2018 to October 25, 2019. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, and standard deviation), as well as the t-test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: Significant negative correlations were found between anxiety and sleep quality and between smartphone dependency and sleep quality. Participants' history of preterm birth, pregnancy method, bowel movements, anxiety, and smartphone dependency significantly affected sleep quality, with an explanatory power of 18%. Conclusion: In order to improve the quality of sleep, which is an important health-related factor for pregnant women experiencing preterm labor, it will be necessary to identify a history of premature birth, pregnancies achieved using artificial reproductive technology, bowel problems, and smartphone dependency in advance and to provide nursing interventions accordingly.

• 한국아동복지학
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• 제53호
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• pp.77-104
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• 2016

본 연구는 유아의 스마트폰 의존성을 매개로 어머니의 스마트폰 의존성이 유아의 문제행동에 미치는 직, 간접효과를 알아보기 위한 것이다. 이를 위해 서울과 경기지역의 2~6세 유아기 자녀를 둔 어머니 300명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구모형은 유아의 스마트폰 의존성을 매개로 어머니의 스마트폰 의존성이 유아 문제행동에 영향을 미치는 경로를 분석하는 것이다. 연구결과 어머니의 스마트폰 의존성은 유아의 스마트폰 의존성과 문제행동에 직접적인 영향이 있는 것으로 나타났고, 그중에서도 유아의 문제행동에 미치는 직접효과가 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 또한 어머니의 스마트폰 의존성은 유아 스마트폰 의존성을 매개로 유아 문제행동에 간접효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 유아와 부모의 스마트폰 사용에 대한 교육적 접근의 필요함과, 유아의 문제행동에 있어서 주 양육자인 어머니의 올바른 스마트폰 사용에 대한 인식과 조절, 예방프로그램 개발의 필요성을 시사하고 있다.