• Journal of Species Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.90-94
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• 2023

The morphology and infraciliature of three newly recorded Aspidisca species in Korea, two collected from the eastern coast and one collected from Jeju Island, were investigated in vivo and after protargol impregnation. The three species are as follows: A. dentata Kahl, 1928, A. hexeris Quennerstedt, 1869, and A. polystyla Stein, 1859. The three species are characterized by having a "polystyla-arrangement" of frontoventral cirri: 1) A. dentata is characterized by having a broadly rotund body shape, a distinct peristomial spur, and a dorsal thorn; 2) A. hexeris is characterized by a broadly oval body shape, four projections along the left margin of body, and the single peristomial spur; and 3) A. polystyla has the broadly rotund body shape, transverse cirri each split into several parts (especially in vivo), and lacking of the peristomial spur. Among them, A. dentata and A. polystyla are poorly known and lack morphological description based on silver staining. In the present study, we provide a brief diagnosis, remarks, and photomicrographs.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.547-555
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• 2010

To investigate the vegetation structure of mountain ridge from Bammeorijae to Woongseokbong, 25 plots($400m^2$) selected by random sampling method were surveyed. Three groups of Quercus mongolica - Pinus densiflora community, Q. dentata community and Q. mongolica - Q. dentata community were classified by cluster analysis. Q. dentata, Q. variabilis, Pinus densiflora, Acer pseudosieboldianum and Q. mongolica were found as mostly dominant woody plant species in the Woongseok-bong area. In the future, the importance percentage of Pinus densiflora might be eventually decreased, but those of Q. mongolica, Q. variabilis and Q. dendata might be gradually increased. There were strong positive correlations between Pinus densiflora, Zanthoxylum piperium and Lindera obtusiloba; Q. mongolica and Rhododendron mucronulatum; Styrax obassia and R. schlippenbachii; Fraxinus sieboldiana, Zanthoxylum piperium and Styrax obassia; Acer pseudosieboldianum and Fraxinus sieboldiana; Cornus controversa and Corylopsis coreana were relatively weak negative correlations between Q. dentata and Q. mongolica; Lindera erythrocarpa, Q. mongolica and Q. variabilis; Q. mongolica, Larix leptolepis and Q. variabilis; Symplocos chinensis for. pilosa and Rhododendron mucronulatum. Species diversity index(H') of investigated groups was ranged from 0.09832 to 1.1102.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.337-340
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• 2012

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.24
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• pp.37-42
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was a biota research and analysis for Close-to-nature stream restoration planning of Shinchun. The summary of this study is as follows; 1) The vascular plants in research area recorded of 45 species and insect fauna recorded of 34 species of 8 orders. As a result of table of community classification, the communities were two group; Quercus variabilis community(I), Pinus densiflora-Quercus variabilis-Quercus dentata community(II). 2) As a result of analysis on correlation of tree species, the level of significance in positive correlation between Quercus dentata and Corylus heterophyll aindicated 1% and between Pinus densiflora and Lespedeza bicolor also indicated 1%. 3) As a result of DBH analysis, it is expected that Quercus variabilis and Quercus dentata will dominateover other species in competition and its succession continuously maintains from now on in community I. In community II, it is assumed that there is a high possibility of changing into community of Quercus such as Quercus mongolica, Quercus dentata, and Quercus variabilis. 4) As a result of analysis on insect fauna, insect fauna consists of 94% of whole species as 32 species, 23 families, 8 orders. And 7 species, 7 families 4 orders was found in highly urbanized area, the vicinity of Sang-Dong bridge. 5) As mentioned above, Based on A biota fundamental research, Close-to-nature stream restoration planning were full of suggestions: i) Designating ecosystem preservation area, ii) Making Close-to-nature stream revetments, iii) Making pool-and-riffle, vi) Making decks for observation and walks for nature experience, v) Creating wetland biotope. Through these methods, it is necessary to promote bio-diversity and lead people to the space for eco-learning.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.133-142
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to evaluate the total phenol, total flavonoids contents and antioxidant activity of 80% ethanolic extract from Ixeris dentata Nakai(IDE) as well as to assess the lipid accumulation during adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells. The results demonstrated that the total phenolic and flavonoids contents of the IDE were $4.01{\pm}0.63$ GAE mg/g and $0.05{\pm}0.01$ RE mg/g, respectively. The antioxidative activities of the IDE were significantly increased in a dose dependent manner on DPPH(1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging, ABTS(2,2'-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)diammonium salt) radical scavenging, reducing power value. During adipocyte differentiation, IDE significantly inhibited lipid accumulation compared with the control cells. These results indicated that the anti-adipogenesis effect of Ixeris dentata Nakai could be attributed to phenolic compounds that may potentially inhibit ROS(reactive oxygen species) production.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.84-92
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• 2008

Disclosed is a study related to the thermal characteristics of Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentate identifying the presence of any significant difference in the above trees, which are native to Young Dong Province of Korea, according to different regions of the trees such as branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves. For this purpose, we have carried out a cone calorimeter test focusing on the variables such as mass loss, heat release, ignition time, flame holding time and concentrations of CO and $CO_2$. The results showed that the total mass loss was greatest in tree branches, whereas the ignition time of dead leaves was fastest both in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dantata. The flame holding times of dead leaves and barks were about $640{\sim}1,016s$ and the total heat release of dead leaves was around 60.1 $MJ/m^2$, twice the total heat release of living leaves. In addition, the maximum exhaust concentrations of CO and $CO_2$ in tree branches of Quercus dentata was 2.82 times higher than those of Pinus densiflora, respectively. From the foregoing, it was confirmed that there exist region-specific differential thermal characteristics in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.131-136
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• 1994

The ethylacetate extract of Lactuca dentata Makino showed 6 flavonoidal components as detected by ferric chloride solution. The flavonoidal constituent of Lactuca dentata Makino was isolated and purified by the series of column chromatography. The chemical structure of one of the flavonoidal component named as compound E was identified by UV, IR and NMR spectrometry. The melting point range of compound E was $249.5^{\circ}C-251^{\circ}C$. The UV and IR spectra of purified compound E, and its genin were measured with the various shifting agents. The results of UV analysis showed the free state of hydroxy group at 3rd and 4th carbon and binding of sugar at the 7th carbon of compound. The sugar bound to the compound E was identified as glucose by TLC. The IR spectrum showed the presense of hydroxy group, conjugated carbonyl group and aromatic group. The analysis of NMR spectrum was done to the purified compound and its derivatives. The chemical shifts against hydrogen atom, hydroxy group, and the moiety of luteolin were observed in the NMR spectrum along with their position and number as well as type of sugar bound. The isolated and purified compound was identified as $luteolin-7-0-{\beta}-D-glucoside$.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.1567-1574
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• 2020

This study was to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of leaf and stem of Ixeris dentate extract by hot water and 70% ethanol. The total flavonoid and polyphenol in 70% ethanol extract of leaf and stem of Ixeris dentate were significantly higher than those of hot water extracts. DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging activity of 70% ethanol extract of leaf was higher than that of hot water extract of leaf. 70% ethanol extract of leaf was the highest on the DPPH and ABTS activity. Nitric oxide(NO) production of 70% ethanol extract was higher than that of hot water extract. According to this study, it was found that there was difference in physiological activity due to extraction solvents of each part of Ixeris dentate and it is believed that it can be used as an ingredient of functional foods using Ixeris dentate.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.47-56
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• 2023

The Quercus variabilis and Quercus dentata, which are said to be relatively drought tolerant among the important genus Quercus that represent deciduous broad-leaved forests in Korea. These two species are widely distributed worldwide in Korea, Japan and China (northern, central, western and eastern subtropical regions). This study compared the ecological niche breadth and overlap according to growth response in 4 soil moisture gradients for the two species and tried to reveal degree of competition and ecological niche characteristics. The ecological niche breadth was 0.977±0.020 for Q. variabilis and 0.979±0.014 for Q. dentata, the latter being slightly wider. And they were similar in 5 traits (stem length, leaf lamina length, leaf width length, stem weight, leaf petiole weight), Q. variabilis was more dominant in 4 traits (leaves number, stem diameter, leaf area, leaf petiole length), and Q. dentata was more dominant in 7 traits (root length, shoot length, plant weight, root weight, shoot weight, leaf weight, leaf petiole weight). The ecological niche overlap for soil moisture between the two species overlapped most in plant structure-related traits and least in photosynthetic organ-related traits such as petiole length. As a result of principal component analysis, degree of competition between the two species for soil moisture was more severe when the soil moisture condition was low than high. Among the measured traits that affect the two-dimensional distribution, 8 traits (Leaves number, Shoot length, Stem length, Plant weight, Root weight, Shoot weight, Stem weight, Leaves weight) were correlated with the factor 1, and 2 traits (Leaf width length, Leaf petiole weight) were correlated with the factor 2 (r>0.5). These results show that the ecological response of the two species to soil moisture is not a few traits involved, but several traits are involved simultaneously.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.924-930
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• 2002

Ixeris dentata extracts exllibited antimicrobial activity against some bacteria and fungi. Also EtOH extracts showed strong antioxidant activity and RC$_{50}$ value was 28 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL. The inhibitory effect of Ixeris dentata on the mutagenicity in Salmonella and cytotoxicity on cancer cell were studied. Ixeris dentata extracts showed anti-mutagenic effects of 78.83 and 75.96% on B(a)P in S. typhimurium TA98 and Th100, respectively. These extracts showed 78.72% antimutagenicity on TA100 against MNNG. The Ixeris dentata extract with strong antimutagenic activities was further fractionated by hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol and water. Butanol fraction was found to be highest in antimutagenic activity against MNNG than the other fractions. Butanol fraction of Ixreis dentate revealed the highest cytotoxicity against AS49 human lung carcinoma cells in which cell growth was inhibited by 93.75% at 375 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL. Hexane fraction of ixeris dentate exhibited 68.56% inhibition against MCF-7 human breast adenocarcinoma cells at 500 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL. Hexane fraction of Ixeris dentata exhibited 84.91% inhibition against Hep 3B human hepatocellular carcinoma cells at 500 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL. From these results, it is considered that Ixeris dentata has strong antimutagenic and anticancer effects in vitro. However, these extracts and fractions did not show any cytotoxic effect against 293 cells.