• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1127-1140
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of father's socio-demographic variables and father's literacy beliefs on father's literacy interaction. Participants were 204 fathers who have children in 3 to 5 years of age. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The findings are summarized as follows: (1) Father's education level was generally correlated with 'father role efficiency', 'open interaction', 'picture-book reading interaction' (2) Monthly income of the household was related 'father role efficiency', 'positive feelings on reading books'. (3) 'Literacy ability development from books', 'father role efficiency', 'positive feeling on reading books' were correlated 'open interaction' and 'picture book reading'. But, 'literacy ability development from books', 'father role efficiency', 'positive feeling on reading books' were negatively correlated 'direct interaction'. (4) The most influential factor on father's 'open interaction', 'direct interaction' was 'literacy ability development from books'. The most influential factor on father's 'picture-book reading' was 'positive feeling on reading books'. These findings highlight that 'literacy ability development from books' and 'positive feeling on reading books' may play critical roles in father's literacy interaction. So, it is very important that adequate training and support on father's literacy beliefs for father's high quality literacy interaction.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.845-854
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• 2008

Survey reports of election opinions consist of numerous cross-tabulations between socio-demographic variables and political opinions including preferred candidates. Since socio-demographic variables are related each other, duplicate interpretations arise. The aim of this study is twofold: The first is to separate the effects of socio variables such as education, occupation and income from the effects of demographic variables such as region, sex and age. The second is the visualization of multiple cross-tabulations in low-dimensional space by extended doubling technique of correspondence analysis. Survey researchers may get some help from this study to present their survey results more lucidly and visually.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.161-176
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of health status and health behaviors on health-related quality of life in Korean adults. Methods: The study was based on the 2017 National Health and Nutrition Survey. Of the total 8,127 people, 5,780 (71.1%) participated: 2,553 (44.2%) were male and 3,227 (55.8%) were female. The variables for this study were demographic factors, disease count, subjective health status, health behaviors, and health-related quality of life (measured by the EQ-5D Index). Results: After analysis, the statistically significant factors associated with health-related quality of life were gender, age, income, education, daytime health status, number of comorbidities (6 or more) and stress. Conclusions: Seven demographic factors have been identified as having a significant impact on health-related quality of life, categorized by model, gender, age and income. Therefore, it is possible that quality of life can be improved through proactive management and by improving subjective health status and health behaviors while in considering of demographic and sociological factors by providing indicators as per gender and age.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.274-287
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine the actual state of cooking wine usage, and analyze the relationship between the attributes of cooking wine and demographic characteristics. The major findings of this study are as follows. First, the origin and correct choice of cooking wine were significantly related to hotel type, restaurant type and career. Second, the importance of the taste and aroma of a cooking wine, which are intrinsic attributes in the evaluation of a wine, had significant relationships with all the demographic variables whereas the importance of purchase cost and label information of the cooking wine only exhibited a significant correlation with career (p<0.05). Third, 53.7% of the respondents used cooking wine based on recipes, while the rest used it by rule of thumb. These results between restaurant type were significantly different (p<0.05). For the results of this research to be of more use, further research should be conducted on the functional aspects of cooking wine and their effects on cooking. In addition, further systematic research should be performed on the functional and sensory effects of a variety of wine tastes and aromas on cooking.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.173-183
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to suggest the policy implications through the analysis on the effects of social workers' negative reactions for client violence on burnout. Especially, This study is focused on identifying the moderating effects of demographic characteristics and institutional confrontations system. This study was carried out based on survey of social workers on social welfare facilities located in G metropolitan city and J province. The major findings can be summarized as follows. First, Social workers' negative reactions toward client violence affect on burnout significantly. Second, demographic characteristics and institutional confrontations system moderate the relationship between social workers' negative reactions toward client violence and their burnout. This study suggested some implications basing on the analytical results.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.286-290
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• 1998

The abuse of zipeprol, an antitussive agent, was found to be most prevalent among young people in Korea. Because abusers take large doses of this drug for its hallucinogenic effects, fatalities from zipeprol overdose abuse have been on the rise since 1991. Since 1991, a total of 69 zipeprol-related deaths have occurred throughout the nation. A demographic study shows that in ninety six percent of cases involving zipeprol alone, the victims were in their teens and twenties. The mate/female ratio in zipeprol related death was 3.5:1. Most of these zipeprol-associated deaths occurred in the larger cities of Seoul and Inchon. The blood concentration of zipeprol ranged from 0.8 to $38.3{\mu}g/mL $in single drug involved deaths, while zipeprol varied from to 35.3 $0.1{\mu}g/mL $in zipeprol and dextromethorphan victims.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.303-311
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• 2007

The apparel market is extremely competitive and thus apparel manufacturers should try to maximize consumer satisfaction with cost-efficient but consumer-oriented strategies. Personalized strategies considering each consumer's characteristics have to be developed. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of consumers' characteristics on personalization strategies of apparel brands. Investigating personalization based on consumers' values and demographic characteristics will allow apparel manufacturers to attract target consumers. A survey method was used for the empirical study. Questionnaires from 420 respondents were analyzed using factor analysis, cluster, t-test, and ANOVA. The results indicated a significant influence of consumer values on customer service-related aspects of personalization. Female consumers demanded product- and information-oriented factors of personalization. Age, residential area, and clothing expense also had significant influence on the need for personalization of apparel shopping.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.787-796
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• 2021

This study investigates the effect of chief executive officers (CEO) demographic characteristics such as age, functional experience, education, and gender, on corporate leverage decisions. This study investigates the independent commissioner's role in moderating the relationship between CEO demographic characteristics and leverage decisions. The data used is panel data with a sample of 283 non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) from 2010-2017. Moderated regression analysis is used as an analytical technique, with the selected model fixed effects model. The results showed that male and young CEOs were more risk-averse, so they tended to use debt more. However, this study found no evidence of the effect of CEO experience and education on leverage. This study finds evidence that independent commissioners reduce the influence of CEO age and gender on leverage decisions. It shows the role of independent commissioners in controlling risk-taking from male and young CEOs related to leverage decisions. These results become input for companies to consider demographic characteristics in choosing a CEO. Also, companies need a board (in this study seen from independent commissioners) that is strong enough to control the CEO regarding risky decision making, such as leverage decisions.

• Analyses & Alternatives
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.71-102
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• 2020

This study analyzes the effect of demographic changes on economic growth. We use the supply-side output identity to forecast the growth potential of the Korean economy. According to the results, even based on optimistic assumptions and prospects, the economic growth rate is likely to fall drastically starting in 2020. Of course, to maintain growth potential, efforts to increase productivity are necessary. However, given the historical experience of developed countries, it is not clear whether the huge trend of demographic change can be offset by efforts to increase productivity. In the so-called '30-50 club' countries, both labor productivity and growth rate tend to fall after reaching the per capita income of $30,000. The degree of decline in the growth rate is closely related to changes in the working age population and the prime-age workforce. The results are similar when tracking the path of changes in total factor productivities of the economy. When a certain level of income is reached, the increase in total factor productivity also tends to slow down. The ripple effects of rapid changes in demographics will indeed be extensive. The negative impact is likely to be concentrated at a time when the working age population, the prime-age workforce, and the total population shrink simultaneously. Above all, it is necessary to use the government's fiscal space to block the possibility of a rapid fall in the growth rate. In addition, it is important to continuously implement various reform tasks that should be promoted, such as improving the education system and strengthening the social safety net.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.192-206
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• 2012

This study aimed to examine the effects of demographic variables, stress, appearance management behavior, and family environment on self-esteem with the subjects of high school students with serious stress and great interest in appearance among the adolescences. This research was conducted during June, 2012, and the research method employed was the questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of the contents about self-esteem, stress, appearance management behavior, and demographical variables. Regarding the adolescents' stress, generally, influential variables include relationship with parents and friends, school records, or school life satisfaction. And the adolescences' self-esteem was the crucial variable to indicated socio-psychological adaptation. And it was related with stress or appearance management behavior.