• Journal of the Korean Society of Mechanical Technology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.9-19
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• 2011

Most real world design evaluation and risk-based decision support combine quantitative and qualitative (linguistic) variables. Decision making based on conventional mathematics that combines qualitative and quantitative concepts always exhibit difficulty in modelling actual problems. The successful selection process for choosing a design/procurement proposal is based on a high degree of technical integrity, safety levels and low costs in construction, corrective measures, maintenance, operation, inspection and preventive measures. In this paper, a design decision support framework using a composite structure methodology grounded in approximate reasoning approach and evidential reasoning method is suggested for design evaluation of machinery space of a ship engine room at the initial stages. An illustrative example is used to demonstrate the application of the proposed framework.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2023

Dental treatment for the disabled should be a customized that considers the characteristics and degree of cooperation of each disabled patient. There are additional considerations during implant treatment and tooth extraction in disabled patients. Since some brain lesion disorder or cardiac disease patients may be taking antiplatelet or anticoagulant medications, it is necessary to evaluate whether these medications should be discontinued before an invasive procedure. Precautions should be taken for patients with heart valve disease considering the risk of infective endocarditis, especially during invasive dental procedures. Moreover, disabled patients may have difficulty in following instructions and cautions. There are specific considerations for each stage of implant treatment in disabled patients. In the case of patients who are in the pre- or post-transplant state, it is necessary to assess their general condition and oral disease due to the risk of infection. Since disabled patients with various systemic diseases may visit the dental clinic, it is important to understand their characteristics and treatment process in order to flexibly adjust the dental treatment plan accordingly.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.309-314
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• 2004

A standardized scoring system for college interview entrance examination means we standardize the score of examination to adjust the degree of difficulty among questions and difference of panel's disposition. A standardized scoring system were newly enforced at college interview entrance examination from 2001. Colleges want to choose the most suitably qualified students, taking full advantage of interview examination. Also they should always prepare for questions, plan the answers and a standardized scoring system so that all candidates get a fair shake. The main purpose of this paper is to provide a standardized scoring system for interview examination. The results of interview examination are ranked from highest to lowest and each candidate have different rank from several panels. So some unit scores from panels are given for each candidate using standard normal distribution. Then we calculate the mean unit score for each candidate and final interview entrance examination scores are given using the mean unit score for each candidate.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.42-50
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• 1987

Most of significant defects in the pressure boundaries of nuclear power plant we re dispositioned to be monitored periodically every inservice inspection. Due to the difficulty of the defect sizing during operation, it is necessary to develope the continuous flaw monitoring techniques. The Tip Diffraction method, specifically speaking, spot seems to be suitable for flaw monitoring. The optimum conditions of selecting the transducer were 3.5 MHz and 45-57 degree according to compatibility with the defect height. The effective calculation of the defect height was to assume the fact that the incident beam is parallel. This method would be supplemented to ASME method about the defect characterization for the surface flaw.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.20 no.1_2
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• pp.611-621
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• 2006

This paper is to discuss the numerical conformal mapping from the unit disk onto Jordan region, which can be solved by Theodorsen equation. Wegmann's method has been known as the most efficient one for the Theodorsen equation. However, we found divergence through numerical experiments by the iterative method of Wegmann. The divergence occurs especially when some degree of difficulty is high. We analyze the cause of divergence and propose an improved method by applying a low frequency pass filter to Wegmann's method. By this proposed method we can get a stable convergence for all the problems which was unstable with the Wegmann's method.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.165-172
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• 2010

In Web-based learning systems, the techniques, as self-regulated learning, self-directed learning, are used to improve the effect of learner's study. These techniques are methods considering learner's study level but to consider the learner's study ability properly, the tailored course for learner should be applied. In this research, the learning system considering learner's study ability was proposed. To decide a learner's study ability, IRT(Item Response Theory) was applied and learning contents and question items were developed and applied by the degree of difficulty.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.81-91
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• 1996

Numerical study is carried out to make clear the wavemaking phenomena for a planning flat plate. Through the mumerical computations, some schematic wave patterns are compared with experimental results, for example, such as the bow divergent waves, triangle waves, stern divergent saves, stern cross waves. The characteristic distance of waves is found to be more inconsistent as the incidence angle increases. The comparison was mode between computations and experiments for incidence angles of 5, 10 and 15 degrees. However, a numerical difficulty is found around and behined the trailing edges for more than 20 degree.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.61-68
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• 1996

The main problems in structural analysis by Finite Eelement Method are difficulty in making data file and error estimation. For decreasing these problems' pays. have been suggesting the adaptive mesh refinement and error estimation method. Posteriory error estimation methods suggested by Jang[1], Babuska[2,3], Ohtsubo[8,9], and this paper. Comparing these methods and examine their properties. According this paper, In the problem supposed having singularity, the method suggested by this paper is good, But the problem supposed having no singularity, the method suggested by Jang[1] is good. For decreasing the effect of initial mesh in p-refinement, make application h-refinement at first and apply p-refinement, and confine polynomial's degree to two, for making program simply by plural mesh models are not needed.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.92-103
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• 1995

Since the late of 1960,s, the improvement of science inquiry skills has been one of the most important goals in secondary science education. To achieve this goal, it is essential to develop a valid and reliable instrument for evaluating science inquiry skills. The purpose of this study is to develop a valid and reliable instrument for evaluating science inquiry skills for high school students. The instrument is developed through R & D procedure, which includes two field trials of the instrument. This study has formed a clear definition of the elements of science inquiry skills (formulating a hypothesis, controlling variables, designing an experiment, numeric calculation, graphing experimental data, inference, determining relationship, determining causalities, predicting experimental results , drawing a conclusion, formulating a generalization or model), and established the goals of assessment and developed the items of assessment. The instrument, Test of Earth Science Inquiry Skills, consists of 33 items which measure 11 science inquiry skills. There are content-free items for each science inquiry skills. This study has selected 11 science inquiry skills which are considered appropriate for being evaluated by paper-and-pencil test with SIEI (Hur,1984). The content validity of items, objectivity of the scoring keys and clarity of the items were checked by six experienced specialists in science education. At the same time, the two field trials has been executed and produced the reliability of the instrument, item difficulty index, and the effectiveness of distracters. The first field trial was performed using a sample of 304 high school students, and the second one using a sample of 872 high school students. Because the content validity is 84 % and the reliability (K-R 20) is 0.84, the developed instrument in this study is considered valid and reliable. The difficulty index is 49.4 %, answer ratio 59.1 %, the discrimination index 0.47 and the effectiveness of distracters evenly distributed, which also suffice the criteria of good instrument. The developed instrument in this study can diagnosis the well-developed science inquiry skills and the ill-developed science inquiry skills of the students, and trace the degree of the improvement of science inquiry skills.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.566-577
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• 2008

Purpose: Developing a curriculum(DACUM) is a method of analyzing job focused competency, which is obtained from the data of an expert belonging to a certain career. In this study the DACUM method was used to analyze the jobs of operating room nurses. Method: Through the DACUM workshop which was arranged by two DACUM facillitators, a definition of the role of operating room nurses was developed and then duties and tasks of operating room nurses' were identified. For the workshop, a DACUM committee with 10 operating room nurses was organized. Finally, the duties and tasks which were identified were validated by 422 nurses for importance, difficulty and frequency. Results: Thirteen duties and 105 tasks were identified on the DACUM chart, where importance, difficulty, and frequency of tasks were represented by alphabet letters A, B, and C as higher degree of importance. The determinant coefficient(DC) showed that the most important duty was assisting with operations(DC=6.61), and the least, managing operating materials(DC=4.22). For tasks, the most important ones were assisting in orthostatic surgery(DC=7.60), and assisting in thoracic surgery(DC=7.38), and the least important making gauze ball(DC=2.39), and saving of operation site((DC=3.27). Conclusion: The results suggest a need to develop an education program using the DACUM chart as a basis for the development and as a clinical career ladder and for curriculum of operating room nursing.