• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2002.10b
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• pp.801-806
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• 2002

The operation of double deck train have increased in many countries such as Japan france, and the Netherlands as efficient, safe and convenient alternative transportation systems. Because of continuous concentration of population into Seoul metropolitan and serious traffic jam, the number of passengers using the commuter train have been increased rapidly. Considering these situations, we can find one of the solutions for heavy traffic problems through double deck trains. Stainless steel, and aluminum extruded panel are used to reduce the weight of double deck train. In this paper we compare the results of structural analysis of the double deck car body structures with Al extruded panels and stainless steel. We hope the results of this study may be used as basic guidelines in designing double deck trains in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.202-205
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• 2003

The purpose of this experimental study is to understand the flexural Behavior of structural deck plate continuous slabs (power deck plate slabs). The main variables considered in this test are thickness of the slab and the deck plate. Five specimens that have length of 600cm and width of 60cm were manufactured. Test results indicated that the ultimate flexural strength of power deck plate slabs was conservative compared to ACI flexural provisions. But, suitable arrangement of bar of top reinforcement is needed for crack control.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.241-248
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• 2002

Due to many advantages such as light weight, fast installation, high durability, composite bridge deck is considered to be one of the promissing alternatives to concrete bridge deck. The paper presents procedures of finite element analysis and laminate design for composite bridge deck of triangular shape for DB24 load. After design of the section glass reinforced composite deck tube of double triangular section with 200mm profile was fabricated with pultrusion and the procedure are presented.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.24-29
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• 2021

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.311-326
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• 2013

For providing a basic data concerning with a fishing deck layout design of a trawler the authors conducted the video observations about the working activities of crews on the deck in the different layout of two Korean coastal large stern trawlers (gross tonnage: 139). The winch of the trawler-A was installed on the aft of the fishing deck and the trawler-B, on the forward of the fishing deck. The work and activities of the deck hands on both trawlers were observed using the CCD (charge coupled device) camera installed on each trawler's deck for one month from August 3, 2010. The video data was analyzed by the hierarchical task analysis (HTA) method. In results, numbers of tasks to require deck hands during the hauling net and the casting net were 25 and 28 for the trawler-A and 27 and 48 for the trawler-B, respectively. The working processes were represented a same in both of the trawlers. Location for controlling the deck machineries, the location installed trawl winch, kinds of deck machineries, crew's custom for using deck machineries were the factor affecting to the number of the task. In the case of the improvement suggested in the results is carried out, the reduction percentages of the number of task in the trawler-A and trawler-B were estimated as 24.5% and 51.3%, respectively. Through this study it was found that the quantitative analysis is possible for the work processes, work methods and the work contents in the trawler. Also the suggestion for improving the fishing deck layout design of the trawler was possible by finding out the factors increasing the number of tasks and removing the tasks. We expect that the results of this paper are used as a basic data for designing the layout of deck machineries in the trawler in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.60-65
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• 2015

This study is to explore floor impact sound and sound insulation of reinforced concrete structure with void-deck slab system which combines polystyrene void foam and T-shaped steel deck plate. A void-deck slab system can effectively reduce the amount of concrete used and hence the mass of a reinforced concrete slab. Also void slab system has dynamically favorable for bending. Three-bay 2-story building was constructed as a mock up test specimen using void-deck slab system and floor impact sound was measured to valuate sound insulation performance. Light weight floor impact and heavy weight floor impact were investigated. Light weight floor impact pressure levels were 32dB, 28dB, and 29db at representative locations which are $1^{st}$ level in the floor impact sound insulation performance grading system. The heavy-weight floor impact pressure levels were 44dB, 45dB, and 43dB at representative locations which are $2^{nd}$ level in the floor impact sound insulation performance grading system. Therefore void-deck slab system can be used in public housing apartment building in terms of not only effectively reduced construction materials but also floor impact sound insulation.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.359-375
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• 2014

Researchers cannot avoid missing data in collecting data, because some respondents arbitrarily or non-arbitrarily do not answer questions in studies and experiments. Missing data not only increase and distort standard deviations, but also impair the convenience of estimating parameters and the reliability of research results. Despite widespread use of hot deck, researchers have not been interested in it, since it handles missing data in ambiguous ways. Hot deck can be complemented using K-nn, a method of machine learning, which can organize donor groups closest to properties of missing data. Interested in the role of k-nn, this study was conducted to impute missing data based on the hot deck method using k-nn. After setting up imputation of missing data based on hot deck using k-nn as a study objective, deletion of listwise, mean, mode, linear regression, and svm imputation were compared and verified regarding nominal and ratio data types and then, data closest to original values were obtained reasonably. Simulations using different neighboring numbers and the distance measuring method were carried out and better performance of k-nn was accomplished. In this study, imputation of hot deck was re-discovered which has failed to attract the attention of researchers. As a result, this study shall be able to help select non-parametric methods which are less likely to be affected by the structure of missing data and its causes.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.337-349
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• 2001

This study present an optimum deck and girder system design for minimizing the life-cycle cost (LCC) of orthotropic steel deck bridges. The problem of optimum LCC design of orthotropic steel deck bridges is formulated as that of minimization of the expected total LCC that consists of initial cost, maintenance cost, expected retrofit costs for strength, deflection, and fatigue. To demonstrate the effect of LCC optimum design of orthotropic steel deck bridges, the proposed optimum LCC design is compared with the conventional method for orthotropic steel deck bridges design. From the numerical investigations, it may be positively stated that the proposed optimum design procedure for orthotropic steel deck bridges based on the LCC will lead to more rational, economical and safer design.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.928-931
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• 2006

Due to their light weight, high stiffness-to-weight and strength-to-weight ratios, and potentially high resistance to environmental degradation, resulting in lower life-cycle costs, polymer composites, are increasingly being considered for use in civil infrastructure applications. Recently, an FRP deck has been installed on a state highway, located in New York State. In this study, a thermal stress analysis was conducted using finite element method to study failure mechanisms of the superstructure. This analysis evaluated small and large temperature gradient effects on the FRP deck considering lightweight of FRP deck and ply orientations at the interface between steel girders and FRP deck Finite element model was verified using the load tests of the bridge deck. Finally, the analytical results shows the possible failure mechanism of FRP deck under various temperature changes and its corresponding index is suddenly varied depending on the rapid change of temperature on the deck plate.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.906-913
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• 2006

The failure mechanism of a hollow bridge deck which is made of glass fiber reinforced polymer(GFRP) is investigated using both experiments and analysis. While the load-displacement behavior of the deck in the transverse direction shows a strong nonlinearity even in its initial response with relatively small magnitude of loads. In order to imporve the structural behavior of the deck in the transverse direction, we suggested that the empty space of the bridge deck is filled with a foam and investigated experimentally the static behavior of the orthotropic bridge deck which is made from GFRP and polyurethane foam. It is found that although the elastic modulus of the foam compared to that of the GFRP is about the order of $10^{-3}$, the structural behaviors in the weak axis such as nominal strength, stiffness, etc. are greatly improved. Owing to the low mass density of the foam used in this study, the bridge deck is still light enough with the improved structural properties.