• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.76-86
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• 2020

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify the extent to which nurses' death perceptions, death anxiety, and stress associated with terminal care affects their attitudes toward terminal care. Method : A total of 214 nurses were asked questions about characteristics, death perceptions, death anxiety, stress associated with end-of-life care, and terminal care attitudes, using structured questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé's test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. Results : Factors influencing terminal care attitudes in participants were positive meaning associated with death, respect for life, final education, end-of-life nursing education experiences, stress associated with end-of-life care, death anxiety, and position. These factors explained 38.7% of variance in participants' terminal care attitudes (F=20.18, p<.001). Conclusion : In order for nurses to have a positive attitude toward terminal care, it is necessary to raise positive awareness about death and respect for life, and it is necessary to develop various educational programs and strengthen their capacity through continuous education.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.72-82
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand the meaning of dignified dying expressed by undergraduate nursing students. Method: Data were collected by in-depth interviews with fifteen nursing students. Conventional qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the data. Result: There were six major themes and eleven sub-categories from the analysis. Six major themes include death with no artificial life support, obedient death as a human nature, death with family members, meaningful death, no self destructive death, and sympathized death receiving from health care providers. Conclusion: The result of this study suggests that the nursing curriculum related to dignified dying can be developed and may affect the teaching and learning settings to improve end-of-life care performance among undergraduate nursing students, as well as, students in human service areas and health care providers.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.271-279
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• 2018

본 연구는 임상실습을 경험한 간호 대학생의 죽음의식과 좋은 죽음 인식을 파악하고 관계를 확인하고자 시도되었다. 자료 수집은 2018년 6월 1일부터 6월 15일까지 S시에 소재한 C대학의 3학년 111명, 4학년 94명인 총 205명을 대상으로 하였다. 대상자의 죽음의식과 좋은 죽음 인식정도 모두 보통수준이었고, 일반적 특성에 따른 죽음의식은 죽음에 대해 생각해본 경험에서(t=.559, p=.002), 좋은 죽음 인식은 죽음교육(t=.777, p=.018)과 죽음에 대한 이해정도에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(F=2.964, p=.033). 학년과 좋은 죽음 인식 간에는 정적 상관관계가 있었으나(r=.161, p=.021), 죽음의식과 좋은 죽음인식 간에는 상관관계가 없었다(r=-.71, p=.311). 본 연구의 결과로 임상실습을 경험한 간호 대학생들의 죽음의식과 좋은 죽음인식 정도와 죽음생각과 죽음교육의 중요성을 알 수 있었으며, 죽음의식과 좋은 죽음 인식 향상을 위한 간호교육과 관계 확인을 위한 반복연구가 필요하다.

• 한국보육학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.213-225
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• 2018

유아를 대상으로 죽음에 대한 연구를 할 때는 구조화된 자료수집 방법 대신 유아의 반응에 민감하고 개방적인 질적 접근을 통해 이들의 사고과정을 이해해야한다는 주장이 제기되고 있다. 이에, 본 연구는 성인 연구자의 주도로 이루어진 연역적 논리의 양적방법이 갖는 한계를 극복하면서 유아가 죽음의 하위개념들을 어떻게 이해하고, 그 개념들 간의 관계를 어떠한 논리적 사고과정을 통해 형성하는지를 질적 연구방법을 통해 귀납적으로 분석하는데 목적을 두었다. 자료수집을 위해 Smilansky(1987)가 고안한 Death Concept Questionnaire 및 Corr와 Balk(2010)의 이론을 참고하여, 유아에게 죽음 하위개념 인식에 대한 일대일 면접이 이루어졌다. 연구결과는 유아들이 죽음에 대한 이해를 획득해가는 과정 중에 있으며, 하위개념 별로 그 정도에는 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로, 하위개념에 대한 완전 획득의 비율이 높은 순서는 비가역성, 비기능성, 예측불가능성, 포괄성, 인과성, 그리고 필연성이었다. 한편, 이러한 6개의 하위개념들이 인지적 발달 수준에 대한 평가적 속성을 띄었다면 사후연속성은 사회문화적 영향을 받는 신념적 특성을 지닌다. 죽음 개념에 대한 개방형 추적질문을 통해 나타난 질적 결과는 유아가 죽음 개념을 획득 또는 획득하지 못하는 데에는 나름의 논리적 근거가 있으며, 이는 인지발달 단계의 특성인 동시에 사회문화적 학습에 의한 것이라는 점이다. 죽음의 하위개념들은 서로 연관되어 유아의 인지적 조작에 영향을 미치며, 이로 인해 특정 하위개념의 획득과 미획득 여부가 달라지는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 보편성과 인과성, 그리고 종국성과 사후연속성이 논리적으로 연계되는 특징적 반응이 나타났다.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.204-211
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• 2011

목적: 본 연구는 중년층 성인에게 적용한 죽음준비교육이 죽음불안과 삶의 질에 미치는 효과를 검증하기 위한 비동등성 대조군 전후설계를 이용한 유사실험연구이다. 방법: 대상자는 서울시 노원구에 거주하는 40~65세 성인으로서 실험군은 2010년 3월 19일부터 6월 4일까지 죽음준비교육에 참여한 38명이었고 대조군은 죽음준비교육을 받은 경험이 없는 중년층 성인 45명이었다. 대상자에게 제공한 죽음준비교육은 매주 4시간씩 총 11주 동안 교육이 이루어졌으며 교육과정은 앎의 기쁨이 있는 삶, 의미를 발견하는 삶, 나눔과 관계의 삶, 황혼의 준비된 삶의 4부로 이루어진 중년층에게 보다 실제적으로 삶과 죽음을 생각해보도록 구성된 교육이었다. 자료분석은 대상자의 인구학적 특성은 서술통계, 동질성 검증은 t-test, ${\chi}^2$ test, Fisher's exact test, 가설검증은 ANCOVA를 적용하였다. 결과: 동질성 검정결과 대상자의 일반적 특성 중 월평균 소득을 제외한 모든 특성과 죽음불안과 삶의 질 사전 점수는 실험군과 대조군 모두 동질하였으며, 가설 검정에서 죽음준비교육은 대상자의 죽음불안 감소에 긍정적인 효과(P<0.000)가 있었으나 삶의 질에는 통계적으로 유의한 효과(P=0.188)를 나타내지 않았다. 결론: 결론적으로 죽음준비 교육은 대상자의 죽음불안을 감소시키는 데 효과적인 것으로 확인되었다. 중년층 성인이 죽음을 준비해 봄으로써 죽음에 대한 막연한 불안을 감소시키고 보다 풍요롭고 의미 있는 삶을 영위하기 위해 죽음준비교육이 매우 필요로 되는 교육임을 확인할 수 있었으나 보다 객관적인 근거자료를 위해 표본 수를 확대한 반복연구가 수행될 필요가 있겠다. 앞으로 중년층 성인에게 중요시 되는 건강을 포함하여 삶과 죽음을 준비하게 하는 교육이 지역사회의 보건소 중심으로 확산되기를 기대한다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권7호
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• pp.215-222
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• 2012

본 연구는 노인복지 종사자 중 죽음과 가장 밀접한 관계에 있는 요양보호사에게 웰다잉을 위한 교육을 실시하여 요양보호사의 죽음불안과 죽음에 대한 수용에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 통해 요양보호사들이 죽음과 죽음과정, 죽음관련요인을 이해하여 노인의 편안한 임종을 도울 수 있도록 하기 위해 광주지역에 소재한 J요양원에 근무하는 요양보호사들을 대상으로 웰다잉에 관한 교육을 실시하였다. 프로그램은 주 1회 총 9회기가 진행되었고, 수집된 교육 전후 요양보호사들의 변화 자료는 SPSS 15.0 프로그램을 활용하여 신뢰도 분석, 기술통계분석, t-test, ANOVA 분석을 하였으며, 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 웰다잉을 위한 프로그램에 참여한 대상자들은 죽음불안이 감소하였다. 둘째, 웰다잉을 위한 프로그램에 참여한 대상자들은 죽음수용정도가 증가하였다. 이를 통해 웰다잉을 통한 교육이 노인복지종사자 중 요양보호사의 죽음불안 감소와 즉음수용정도 증가에 긍정적 영향을 미쳤음을 알 수 있었다.

• 가정간호학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was performed to identify nursing college students' attitudes towards death and was conducted as a pre-investigation to prepare them for coping with terminally ill patients in their clinical practice. Methods: The subjects consisted of 321 nursing students. Their attitudes towards death were measured by using the Collett-Lester Fear of Death Scale(CLFODS). The data obtained were analyzed by using the one-wayANOVA and Duncan's multiple test using the SAS 9.2 soft ware program. Results: The mean CLFODS score was 2.99. Among the 4 subscales, there were significant differences among the students with respect to grade, indirect experience of death, social isolation, daily life stress, and suicidal ideation in the past year. Conclusion: A negative attitude towards death was observed in the psychosocial characteristics, with indirect experience of death, social isolation, daily life stress, and suicidal ideation in the past year. It is necessary to educate students on how to care for dying patients before clinical practice. This education can be carried out by developing a death education program after considering the above mentioned psychosocial characteristics noted in this study.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.56-66
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore nursing students' experiences with patient deaths during clinical practice. Methods: The participants were ten nursing students who had experienced patient deaths during clinical nursing practice at a university hospital in Korea. Individual in-depth interviews were conducted, and the data were analyzed using the content analysis method suggested by Graneheim and Lundman (2004). Results: The participants' experience was structured into six categories: experiencing various emotions in facing patient deaths, viewing oneself as a nursing student at the scene of a patient's death, thinking about death again, finding a pathway of understanding and support for patient death experiences, impressions and regret felt while actually observing terminal care, and picturing oneself as a future nurse dealing with a patient's death. Conclusion: Based on this study, stress management and self-reflection programs are suggested for nursing students who have experienced patient deaths. Practical nursing education for patient death and end of life care is also needed.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2008

Purpose : This study aims at analyzing perception of death anxiety among juniors and seniors majoring in emergency medical technology to provide data which can contribute to curricular design associated with death that meets characteristics of the students majoring in emergency medical technology as pre-service emergency medical technicians. Methods : This study was conducted with 210 students as juniors or seniors majoring in emergency medical technology at four colleges in some regions(Yeongnam district), finally using 177 copies for data processing. Data collection was carried out from April 11 through May 16, 2008, Analysis was performed using frequency analysis, t-test, and ANOVA. Statistical processing was implemented using an SPSS WIN 15.0 program. Results: 1. 83.6% of students majoring in emergency medical technology had no experience in getting learning about death. 58.7% were afraid of death 'because they would be sad to be separated from things they loved,' 2. The general degree of death anxiety measured in the four-point scale was 2.54(.33). 3. As for differences in death anxiety among students majoring in emergency medical technology by grades, seniors(2.64) showed a lower score for anxiety than juniors(2.74) in terms of 'anxiety about others' death.' 4. As for differences in death anxiety among students majoring in emergency medical technology by gender, female students(2.64) showed a higher degree of death anxiety than males students(2.44), Conclusion : It is necessary to develop education and programs associated with death anxiety in order to reduce fear and anxiety about death and accept one's own death in a positive way through patients in imminent death.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.114-127
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• 1999

In order to care the persons who are dying a nurse should first solve her / his own conflicts about death. and be aware of their own concepts of death and dying. In order to find out patient's spiritual needs and to give better spiritual nursing care. a nurse should know her / his own spiritual needs and be aware of their own concepts of spiritual nursing problems. To improve nurse's understanding towards death and dying and nurse's knowledge towards spiritual needs and spiritual nursing care. 14 weeks(two hours a week) spiritual nursing care education was given to 3th grade baccalaureate nursing college student. Before and after spiritual nursing care education. 30 items of prepared questionare focused on the attitudes toward death and dying was asked. Pre and post results are as follow ; 1. The dying patient's emotional and physical needs. There was no significant difference between pre and post educated groups. Both of the situations. they agreed upon$(69.64\%)$ that the dying patients have high emotional and physical needs to solve. 2. Telling the truth of dying process. There was no significant difference between pre educated group$(53.33\%)$ and post educated group$(55.95\%)$. 3. Attitudes of medical personnels. There was no significant difference between pre$(51.49\%)$ and post educated groups $(53.87\%)$. These responses indicate that nursing college student didn't have enough experiences on dying patients care. 4. General attitudes on death and dying. Number of nursing students who were thinking positively toward death and dying were Increased (pre $39.68\%$. post $45.44\%$) and who were thinking negatively toward death and dying were also decreased (pre $37.30\%$. post $33.93\%$). 5. Attitudes toward mechanical assistance for life-expanding of helpless patient. There was a significant difference between pre and post educated groups. About $34.13\%$ of them approved upon mechanical assistance for life and about $33.14\%$ of them disapproved. 6. Attitudes of family members of dying patient. There was no significant difference between pre and post educated groups. About $45.24\%$ of both groups, agreed upon that the family members feel annoyed with dying patients and about $22.42\%$ of both groups disagreed. Whether they received the spiritual nursing education or not, they were aware of that the family members feel annoyed with dying patients. 7. Special facility and educational preparation for dying patient. There was a significant difference between pre$(82.14\%)$ and post$(90.87\%)$ educated groups. These responses indicated that after they received the education, they felt more about the necessity of special facility and educational preparation for the death and dying patients. 8. Special facility and welfare system for the old. There was a significant difference between pre$(58.33\%)$ and post$70.64\%$ educated groups. There responses indicated that after they received the education, they felt more about the necessity of special facility and welfare systems for the old.