• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.24-30
• /
• 2018

In Botswana, mopane worms are widely harvested for household consumption. They are also traded for income generation. Urban based entrepreneurs' source mopane worms from rural areas to sell. The price of sourcing mopane worms from the harvesters has increased quite incredibly in villages. However, there is dearth of academic studies on the commercialisation of mopane worms in Botswana. This paper uses primary data collected from multiple sources to investigate the factors influencing the prices of mopane worms. Data collection involved administration of questionnaires to purposively selected harvesters in four campsites in the Central District, focus group discussions at each campsite and key informant interviews. The results show that there is declining population of mopane worms. The decline is attributable to such factors as over-harvesting and climate change which are the main factors influencing the price of mopane worms. In addition to physical scarcity of mopane worms, institutional weaknesses exist in the study area. The Agricultural Resources Conservation Act is ineffective and the majority of the harvesters are unaware of its existences. It is recommended that the regulations on the harvesting of mopane worms be reviewed. In order to benefit harvesters, mopane worms should be processed to add diversified economic value to rural communities.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.299-304
• /
• 2017

A wireless passive sensor network is a network consisting of sink nodes, sensor nodes, and radio frequency (RF) sources, where an RF source transfers energy to sensor nodes by radiating RF waves, and a sensor node transmits data by consuming the received energy. Against theoretical expectations, a wireless passive sensor network suffers from many practical difficulties: scarcity of energy, non-simultaneity of energy reception and data transmission, and inefficiency in allocating time resources. Perceiving such difficulties, we propose a simple contending-type medium access control (MAC) scheme for many sensor nodes to deliver packets to a sink node. Then, we derive an approximate expression for the network-wide throughput attained by the proposed MAC scheme. Also, we present an approximate expression for the optimal partition, which maximizes the saturated network-wide throughput. Numerical examples confirm that each of the approximate expressions yields a highly precise value for network-wide throughput and finds an exactly optimal partition.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.100-118
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics and meaning of collaboration with artists who have been with Louis Vuitton, focusing on bags, which are representative products of the luxury Louis Vuitton brand, -The research method was literature research and case studies. The theoretical study was based on previous studies and literature examine the concept and type in collaboration and to examine the trend in fashion and art collaboration. The case study was conducted after 2000 by collecting collaborative works between Louis Vuitton and artists based on their homepage, fashion information, and collection sites. Five artists and six artists(Sam Falls, Urs Fischer, Nicholas Hlobo, Alex Israel, Tschabalala Self and Jonas Wood), including Stephen Sprouse, Richard Prince, Takashi Murakami, Kusama Yayoi, and Jeff Koons, were analyzed for the art collaboration cases and contents that were conducted mainly on bags. This study found the following collaboration characteristics: first, classic image innovation: fun and lightness; second, deviating from the boundaries of fashion bags: the art of life, and third, building high-end luxury brand differentiation: scarcity and the introduction of authorism. It is expected that the basic data will be presented in the study of art collaboration design of fashion bags as well as academic data on the differentiation of luxury brands and the artisticization of products in the future.

• Journal of Korea Trade
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.1-19
• /
• 2019

Purpose - This research examines the effect of a foreign subsidiary on the productivity growth of a Two-way trading manufacturing firm in Korea. We explore firms engaged in both trade and FDI simultaneously to verify whether participation in GVC as a broad concept is an efficient internationalization strategy to increase the productivity of a Korean manufacturing firm. Design/methodology - Based on the firm-level data by utilizing the Survey of Business Activities from Statistics Korea, we examine the impact of vertically integrated foreign subsidiaries on the productivity of a manufacturing firm that exports and imports simultaneously. Findings - The results show that if a Two-way trading firm establishes one or more overseas subsidiaries, the total factor productivity growth increases. Moreover, the FDI effect is statistically significant when the destination country has an economically close relationship with Korea. However, these effects are disparate depending on the industrial competitiveness or market situation where the subsidiary is located. Nonetheless, the synergy effect resulting from industrial combination is represented in China and the USA only. Originality/value - As the importance of GVC has become more emphasized around the world. In spite of the scarcity of related domestic studies, we explored the effect of multinational manufacturing firms participating in GVC using firm-level data.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.18 no.12
• /
• pp.101-109
• /
• 2020

Purpose: This study points out that psychological marketing practice can align to narcissism among women through showing urgency and scarcity. While women are competitive, jealous, and attention seeking, marketers can offer limited-time offers to increase the urge of customers to purchase. Research design, data, and methodology: To conduct a content analysis, the present author obtained data from various databases such as ABI/INFORM, EBSCO/ EBSCO, ProQuest, and EBSCO. Ultimately, this study investigated both latent and manifest themes of narcissism and psychological marketing concepts to find solutions that leaders can use to initiate change in organizations. Results: The current study suggests that narcissistic women insist on having the best things but still have the inability to acknowledge other people's feelings. Therefore, psychological marketing can utilize such traits to ensure that the quality of their commodities matches their promises during marketing and that their customer's needs are not infringed at the expense of another customer's needs Conclusions: One of the implications of narcissism in marketing provides is that brands can easily gravitate towards litigations especially amidst unhealthy competitions. In the process of getting customers to acknowledge another brand as a better option, the competition may stir corporate conflict.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.1778-1799
• /
• 2022

Automatic text summarization is a procedure that packs enormous content into a more limited book that incorporates significant data. Malayalam is one of the toughest languages utilized in certain areas of India, most normally in Kerala and in Lakshadweep. Natural language processing in the Malayalam language is relatively low due to the complexity of the language as well as the scarcity of available resources. In this paper, a way is proposed to deal with the text summarization process in Malayalam documents by training a model based on the Support Vector Machine classification algorithm. Different features of the text are taken into account for training the machine so that the system can output the most important data from the input text. The classifier can classify the most important, important, average, and least significant sentences into separate classes and based on this, the machine will be able to create a summary of the input document. The user can select a compression ratio so that the system will output that much fraction of the summary. The model performance is measured by using different genres of Malayalam documents as well as documents from the same domain. The model is evaluated by considering content evaluation measures precision, recall, F score, and relative utility. Obtained precision and recall value shows that the model is trustable and found to be more relevant compared to the other summarizers.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.535-548
• /
• 2022

Using a rich resource language to classify sentiments in a language with few resources is a popular subject of research in natural language processing. Burmese is a low-resource language. In light of the scarcity of labeled training data for sentiment classification in Burmese, in this study, we propose a method of transfer learning for sentiment analysis of a language that uses the feature transfer technique on sentiments in English. This method generates a cross-language word-embedding representation of Burmese vocabulary to map Burmese text to the semantic space of English text. A model to classify sentiments in English is then pre-trained using a convolutional neural network and an attention mechanism, where the network shares the model for sentiment analysis of English. The parameters of the network layer are used to learn the cross-language features of the sentiments, which are then transferred to the model to classify sentiments in Burmese. Finally, the model was tuned using the labeled Burmese data. The results of the experiments show that the proposed method can significantly improve the classification of sentiments in Burmese compared to a model trained using only a Burmese corpus.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2023

Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between product characteristics and customer purchase intention in live-streaming commerce. Research design, data and methodology: Six independent factors namely, scarcity, customization, discount, experimentalism, novelty, and informativeness were identified to analyze their effects on customer purchase intention in live-streaming commerce. The perceived value was accepted as a mediator between independent and dependent variables. Data were gathered from 643 respondents who experienced purchases in live-streaming commerce in China. Results: The results show that product characteristics strongly affect customer purchase intention, and perceived value plays an important mediating role in live-streaming commerce. Therefore, when developing a sales strategy in live-streaming commerce, product characteristics. Such as customization, discount, experimentalism, novelty, and information must be considered. Conclusions: The majority of live-streaming commerce research has focused on platform interactions and consumers. This study is meaningful in that it dealt with product characteristics and confirmed the mediating roles of perceived value in live-streaming commerce. The findings of this study have significant implications and offer valuable insights and practical guidance for both the academic community and practitioners engaged in the field of live-streaming commerce.

• East Asian Economic Review
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.243-269
• /
• 2023

The multidimensional poverty index is an indicator system established for defining and evaluating poverty, to understand poverty in dimensions beyond just monetary scarcity. Based on income, education, health, living standards, and social dimensions, this article measures and analyzes the level of multidimensional poverty in Xinjiang using the AlkireFoster method, with cross-sectional data obtained from a 2022 survey. Probit model is constructed for regression analysis, further considering the impact of education on enhancing feasible capabilities and alleviating multidimensional poverty at the post-poverty alleviation era. The data shows that many people still face significant challenges from the perspective of multidimensional poverty; the decomposition results of each dimension show that education contributes more to the multidimensional poverty; the regression analysis results show that the higher the education level, the lower the multidimensional poverty; heterogeneity analysis revealed that the inhibitory effect of education on multidimensional poverty is greater for females than males, and the poverty reduction effect of education mainly concentrates on middle-aged and older individuals. This article is meaningful for exploring strategies to alleviate multidimensional poverty in ethnic minority regions in frontier areas in the new era, accelerating regional economic development, and achieving shared prosperity.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.95-104
• /
• 2015

To discuss whether we have credible estimations about historical surface temperature evolution since industrial revolution or not, present study investigates consistencies and differences of averaged surface air temperature since 1900 between the multiple data sources: Hadley Center Climate Research Unit (HadCRU4) surface air temperature data, ECMWF 20 Century Reanalysis data (ERA20CR), and NCEP 20 Century Reanalysis data (NCEP20CR). Averaged surface temperatures are obtained for the global, polar (90S~60S, 60N~0N), midlatitude (60S~30S, 30N~60N), tropical (30S~30N) region, separately. From the analysis, we show that: 1) spatio-temporal inhomogenity and scarcity of HadCRU4 data are not major obstacles in the reliable estimation of global surface air temperature. 2) Globally averaged temperature variability is largely contributed by those of tropical and midlatitude, which occupy more than 70% of earth surface in area. 3) Both data show consistent temperature variability in tropical region. 4) ERA20CR does not capture warm period over Arctic region in early 1900s, which is obvious feature in HadCRU4 data. Discrepancies among datasets suggest that high-level caution is needed especially in the interpretation of large Arctic warming in the early 1900s, which is often regarded as a natural variability in the Arctic region.