• 자원환경지질
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.353-366
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• 2022

지구과학 데이터(지오데이터)의 공간 이질성, 희소성 및 고차원성으로 인해 공간 분포 추정에 어려움이 있다. 따라서 지구과학의 많은 응용 분야에서 지오데이터의 고유 특성을 고려할 수 있는 공간 추정 기법이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 기계 학습 알고리즘 중 하나인 가우시안 혼합 모델(Gaussian Mixture Model; GMM)을 이용하여 공간 예측 방법을 제공하고자 하였다. 제안된 기법의 성능을 검증하기 위해, 옛 제련소 부지에서 휴대용 X선 형광분석기(PXRF) 및 유도결합플라즈마-원자방출분광법(ICP-AES)을 이용하여 분석된 토양 농도 자료를 활용하였다. ICP-AES를 이용해 분석된 As와 Pb를 주변수로 하고, 나머지 자료는 보조변수로 활용하였다. 다차원의 보조변수 중 중요 변수를 선별하기 위해 랜덤포레스트 기반의 변수선택법을 적용하였다. ICP-AES 및 PXRF를 통해 구축된 다변량 데이터를 사용한 GMM의 결과를 단변량 및 이변량 데이터를 사용한 정규 크리깅(Ordinary Kriging; OK) 및 정규 공동크리깅(Ordinary Co-Kriging; OCK)의 결과와 비교하였다. GMM의 결과는 OK 및 OCK의 결과보다 낮은 평균 제곱근 편차(RMSE; 비소는 최대 0.11 및 납은 0.33까지 향상)와 높은 상관관계(r; 비소는 최대 0.31 및 납은 0.46까지 향상)를 제공하였다. 이는 GMM을 사용할 경우 토양 오염의 범위 해석의 성능을 향상시킬 수 있음을 지시한다. 본 연구는 다 변량 공간추정 접근법이 복잡하고 이질적인 지질 및 지구 화학자료의 특징을 이해하는 데 효과적으로 적용될 수 있음을 증명하였다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.852-862
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to find how to do the width of skirt and the girth of the waist in the adequate pattern making for the obese women's skirt. Appearance test of the five experimental skirts was evaluated by the four experts in clothing construction. At the same time, 3D clothing air volume was observed for the five types of experimental skirt with different size specifications. The results from the appearance test were as follows; when the width of skirt pattern is set for(the shell girth/2), it was suggested w/4+1(front), w/4(back) for girth of the waist. On one hand, in case of (the shell girth of front)/2+(the shell girth of back)/2, it was suggested(the waist girth of front)/2 and(waist girth of back)/2 for obese women's skirt with the best appearance. As results, it was found that the width of skirt pattern for the obese women should be the greatest shell girth instead of hip girth. In the case of the hip girth, the amount of ease on hip was suggested 6cm. It was found that pattern with the wrinkle of ease was full of the gaps between body and skirt in 3D clothing air volume. In spreading out to 2D flat pattern from 3D scan data, when the width of skirt pattern was set for(the shell girth of front)/2+(the shell girth of back)/2, it was suggested(the waist girth of front/2)+(the waist girth of back/2) than the shell girth/2 in girth of the waist for the best appearance. And the conversion of 3D scan data into 2D flat pattern in curve shape of crosswise had to spread out of the plane in straight line. The obese women's clothing should be manufactured with systematical consideration of the diversity and scarcity of the obese women's body shape.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.433-438
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• 2003

최근, 인터넷 쇼핑몰과 같은 웹 사이트를 대상으로 각 사용자에게 가장 필요한 정보를 제공하기 위한 웹 정보 추천 시스템에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 사용자 프로파일과 명시적 피드백에 의존하는 대부분의 웹 정보 추천 시스템의 경우 사용자의 다양하고 정확한 정보를 필요로 하지만 실세계의 문제에 있어 이러한 연관 정보를 얻기란 쉽지 않다. 본 논문에서는 사용자의 명시적 피드백과 프로파일에 의존하지 않는 웹 정보 서비스를 위한 정보 예측 기법을 제안한다. 이를 위해 앙상블 Support Vector Machine과 하이브리드 SOM을 설계하고 적용하여 웹 로그 데이터의 희소성 문제를 해결하면서 대용량 웹 데이터로부터 사용자에게 꼭 필요하고 유용한 정보를 추천할 수 있는 동적 웹 정보 예측 시스템을 설계하고 구현한다.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2015

The study will furnish university students-oriented accessary market with preliminary data by virtue of university students' wearing accessary conditions. It conducted by 151 university students in Jeon-Nam and Jeon-Buk during october through november, 2014. The questionnaire is composed of 17 questions and used 151 out of 152 copies as the final data, except for one insufficient reply. The analysis method carried out a technological statistics such as frequency count, percentage, average and t-test for every questions, used by SPSS 20.0. The investigation result is as follows; The overall numbers of answerers were 151 people, 36 male and 115 female, and showed that they purchase accessaries of less than 20,000won in a jewelry shop. According to the 86.1% of university students' answers, the most well known brand is OST and then Metrocity(76.2%), Swarovski(68.9%) came after. The most visit count is to a jewelry shop, once or twice in a month, on-line shopping malls and department stores came after. Rings and bracelets are purchased once or twice in a month, and earrings are mainly put on. When purchasing accessaries, quality and scarcity design are the most significant conditions, getting the information through internet and fashion magazines. The ground of purchasing accessaries is for self-contentment and for coordinating with their fashion, and also the difficult maintenance as well as untangled wool are defined as uneasiness of using accessaries. Furthermore, the original goods are preferred for rings and necklaces, unlike earrings and bracelets.

• 인문언어
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• 제6권
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• pp.169-183
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• 2004

So far I have reviewed the two controversial opinions of the North Korean and the South Korean linguists concerning the position of the Koguryeo language in the formation of Korean. Many South Korean scholars in favor of the Altaic Language Family Hypothesis argue that the ancient Korean language consisted of two different languages, one of which was the northern dialect including four languages such as the Koguryeo language (the largest one within the area), the Puyo language, the Okche language, the Yemaek language, and the other was the southern dialect, the largest language of which is the Shinla language. On the other hand, the linguists of North Korea claim that in Koguryeo and Shinla the same language was spoken and that modern Korean is formed based on the Koguryeo language. Before evaluating which of these claims is correct I would like to turn to the scarcity of the linguistic data of the Koguryeo language. Compared with the pragmatic methodology of the South Korean linguists in the studies on the Altaic affinity of Korean, the North Korean scholars need to present still more evidences in order to support their argument. In Chung (1993) I argued that studies on the genealogy of the Korean language or history had to be performed regardless of tile political purpose or for the purposes. We should admit the historical fact that there had been many tribal states in the Korean peninsula before the ancient Korean stage, those of which had been emerged to become three kingdoms. Those kingdoms were unified by Shinla, which was connected to Koryeo Dynasty. We cannot disregard the fact that the Korean language has been developed hand in hand with these historical process with those steps related with each age. The first thing we should do right now is to collect the remaining data of the Koguryeo language recorded in the old written materials, which have been found in North Korea as many as possible. Also, 1 hope that the linguists of South Korea achieve more academic success in the comparative studies of the Paekjae language, the Shinla language, and other adjacent Altaic languages.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2002

대학 web도서관은 web으로 도서관에 소장된 서지나 기타 자료의 검색, 대출, 반납에 관한 정보의 처리가 가능하도록 되어 있는 도서관의 형태이다. 정보화 사회에 진입 한 이후 네트워크와 멀티미디어란 것의 등장으로 인해 정보전달 및 획득의 수단과 과정에 있어서 엄청난 변화를 겪고 있다. 이미지 화, 동영상 화 된 방대한 멀티미디어 정보들이 네트 워크를 통해 정보 제공자와 정보 사용자간의 물리적 거리에 대한 한계를 느끼지 못하게 되었다. 하지만, 이에 따르는 문제점으로는 저작잔 인식부족, 인프라의 미비, 기술적, 신뢰성 등으로 인해 발전이 요구되는 상태이다. 본 논문에서는 국정 대학 평가 기준에 근거하여 20개 대학의 web기반 도서관 site에서, 각 시스템별 검색 형식과 user interface를 비교, 분석하였다. 이에 기초하여 web기반 대학 도서관의 실험적 user interface를 제작하고, 이 interface에 대한 설문조사 및 데이터를 수집, 정리, 분석하였다. 이 결과를 현재web기반 대학도서관의 일반검색 시스템의 인터페이스에 적용하여 도서의 위치, 도서의 대출 및 검색회수, 대학 web도서관 내에서의 도서구입에 대한 기능을 포함하는 새로운 user interface를 제안하였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.1479-1495
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• 2012

Spectrum scarcity seems to be the most challenging issue to be solved in new wireless telecommunication services. It is shown that spectrum unavailability is mainly due to spectrum inefficient utilization and inappropriate physical layer execution rather than spectrum shortage. Daily increasing demand for new wireless services with higher data rate and QoS level makes the upgrade of the physical layer modulation techniques inevitable. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) which utilizes multicarrier modulation to provide higher data rates with the capability of flexible resource allocation, although has widely been used in current wireless systems and standards, seems not to be the best candidate for cognitive radio systems. Filter Bank based Multi-Carrier (FBMC) is an evolutionary scheme with some advantages over the widely-used OFDM multicarrier technique. In this paper, we focus on the total throughput improvement of a cognitive radio network using FBMC modulation. Along with this modulation scheme, we propose a novel uplink radio resource allocation algorithm in which fairness issue is also considered. Moreover, the average throughput of the proposed FBMC based cognitive radio is compared to a conventional OFDM system in order to illustrate the efficiency of using FBMC in future cognitive radio systems. Simulation results show that in comparison with the state of the art two algorithms (namely, Shaat and Wang) our proposed algorithm achieves higher throughputs and a better fairness for cognitive radio applications.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제4권1_2호
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• pp.49-56
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• 1980

Because of the scarcity of data, a study of costume during the Baikje period can be made imaginarily only with historical records as data. According to records, Baikje costume was almost the same as that of the Koguryo period. Consequently, we may well imagine Baikje costume by means of studying such materials as the mural paintings found in Koguryo tombs and the remains found in the royal tomb of Munyung. The basic form of costume of the Baikje period, therefore, might have been like this: Both male and female wore a kind of jacket(유: JEOGORI) and trousers(고: BAJI) with female-wearing skirt (상: CHIMA) thereon. Both men and women wore overcoat(포: DURUMAGI). They used to wear headdress(관모) and used leather shoes(화) Such a form of costume can be found in the costume of HANIWA(식륜) of Japan, which belonged to the costume of HOBOK (호복) of the northern area. Under the SHIMNEUK-PUM-KWAN-KE(십육품관계) system, that is, 16 grades of official ranks, officials of the Baikje dynasty wore clothes, coronets and belts, all of which differed from one another in colors, according to ranks. Such a system of Baikje might have influenced the KANI-JUNI-KAI (the 12-grade color discrimination of the coronet, 관위십이계) for the government officials of ancient Japan the Suiko period. For the study of such matters, I have tried to review the flow of the Korean culture into ancient Japan in the field of costume.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권10호
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• pp.4661-4680
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• 2016

Cognitive radio (CR) technology is an effective solution to the spectrum scarcity issue. Collaborative spectrum sensing is known as a promising technique to improve the performance of spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks (CRNs). However, collaborative spectrum sensing is vulnerable to spectrum data falsification (SSDF) attack, where malicious users (MUs) may send false sensing data to mislead other secondary users (SUs) to make an incorrect decision about primary user (PUs) activity, which is one of the key adversaries to the performance of CRNs. In this paper, we propose a coalition based malicious users detection (CMD) algorithm to detect the malicious user in CRNs. The proposed CMD algorithm can efficiently detect MUs base on the Geary'C theory and be modeled as a coalition formation game. Specifically, SSDF attack is one of the key issues to affect the resource allocation process. Focusing on the security issues, in this paper, we analyze the power allocation problem with MUs, and propose MUs detection based power allocation (MPA) algorithm. The MPA algorithm is divided into two steps: the MUs detection step and the optimal power allocation step. Firstly, in the MUs detection step, by the CMD algorithm we can obtain the MUs detection probability and the energy consumption of MUs detection. Secondly, in the optimal power allocation step, we use the Lagrange dual decomposition method to obtain the optimal transmission power of each SU and achieve the maximum utility of the whole CRN. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed CMD and MPA scheme can achieve a considerable performance improvement in MUs detection and power allocation.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.477-487
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• 2021

Due to the global climate change, Korean peninsula is has been experiencing flooding and drought severely. It is hard difficult to manage water resources sustainably, because due to intensive precipitation in short periods and severe drought has increased in Korea. Reused water from the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) could be a sustainable and an alternative water source near the urban areas. In order to understand the patterns of water reuse in Korea, annual water reuses data according to the times and regional governments were investigated from 2008 to 2019. The reused water from WWTP in Korea has been mainly used for river maintenance flow and industrial use, while agricultural use of water reuse has decreased with time. Metropolitan cities in Korea such as Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Ulsan, and Incheon have been mainly used reused reusing water for river maintenance flow. Industrial water reuse has been limitedly applied recently for the planned industrial districts in Pohang, Gumi, Paju, and Asan. By using the collected annual water reuse data from the domestic sewerage statistics of sewerage, the optimistic and pessimistic future estimations of for future annual water reuse were suggested from 2020 to 2040 on a five year interval for every five years.