• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2020

Nowadays, the advanced smart convergences of the artificial intelligence (AI) and the internet of things (IoT) have been more and more important, in the fifth generation (5G) and beyond 5G (B5G) mobile communication. In 5G and B5G mobile networks, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has been extensively investigated as one of the most promising multiple access (MA) technologies. In this paper, we investigate the achievable data rate for the asymmetric binary pulse amplitude modulation (2PAM), in non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). First, we derive the closed-form expression for the achievable data rate of the asymmetric 2PAM NOMA. Then it is shown that the achievable data rate of the asymmetric 2PAM NOMA reduces for the stronger channel user over the entire range of power allocation, whereas the achievable data rate of the asymmetric 2PAM NOMA increases for the weaker channel user improves over the power allocation range less than 50%. We also show that the sum rate of the asymmetric 2PAM NOMA is larger than that of the conventional standard 2PAM NOMA, over the power allocation range larger than 25%. In result, the asymmetric 2PAM could be a promising modulation scheme for NOMA of 5G systems, with the proper power allocation.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 1999년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing
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• pp.132-134
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• 1999

Rainfall characteristics for designing the optimum millimeter-wave communication systems from two rainfall data set was analyzed. Two rainfall data sets were compared; one-minute rainfall rate data, one-hour synoptic observation data. Each data set has different observation method, sampling frequency. We looked for tendency and quality confluence between two data sets. We showed several results using one-minute rainfall data by millimeter-wave attenuation model. A climatological one-minute rainfall rate data set over Korean Peninsula will be made after data quality control procedure

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1998년도 하계학술대회 논문집 G
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• pp.2480-2482
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• 1998

In this paper, the implementation of dual rate ADPCM using G.723 16Kbps and 40Kbps speech codec algorithm is handled. For small signals, the low rate 16Kbps coding algorithm shows the same SNR as the high rate 40Kbps coding algorithm, while the low rate 16Kbps coding algorithm shows the lower SNR than the high rate 40Kbps coding algorithm for large signal. To obtain the good trade-off between the data rate and synthesized speech quality, we applied low rate 16Kbps for the small signal and high rate 40Kbps for the large signal. Various threshold values determining the rate are tested for good trade off data rate and speech quality. Also the low pass filter effect of speech input and output devices is simulated at several cut-off frequencies. To simulation result shows the good speech quality at a low rate comparing with 16Kbps & 40Kbps.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2010

국내의 LNG 터미널은 일반적으로 대형화 되어있다. 그런데 이런 대형화된 터미널의 안전한 관리를 위해서는 전 시설에 대한 온도 관측이 필요하며 따라서 터미널 내 모든 시설에는 온도센서가 다수 존재한다. 하지만 터미널의 운영, 관리 및 안전사고 예방을 위해서 또 파악해야 하는 정보 중 하나가 유량인데 보통 부족한 경우가 많다. 그런데 배관의 온도 정보는 유량과 밀접한 관련을 맺고 있고 이를 통해 유량은 몇 가지 가정을 통해서 쉽게 추산할 수 있다. 이렇게 발생된 유량 데이터는 오차를 갖고 있을 수 있기 때문에 이를 정상상태 데이터 보정(steady state data reconciliation)을 활용하면 보다 신뢰성 있는 데이터를 얻을 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 LNG 터미널 데이터 보정 방법에 대해 설명하고 사례연구를 통해 얼마나 신뢰성 있는 데이터를 제공하는지에 대해서 기술하고자 한다.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.90-100
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• 2015

Reliability growth rate (or reliability growth curve slope) have the two cases of trend as a constant or changing one during the reliability growth testing. The changing case is very common situation. The reasons of reliability growth rate changing are that the failures to follow the NHPP (None-Homogeneous Poisson Process), and the solutions implemented during test to break out other problems or not to take out all of the root cause permanently. If the changing were big, the "Goodness of Fit (GOF)" of reliability growth curve to test data would be very low and then reduce the accuracy of assessing result with test data. In this research, we are using Duane model and AMSAA model for assessing test data and projecting the reliability level of complex and repairable system as like construction equipment and vehicle. In case of no changing in reliability growth rate, it is reasonable for reliability engineer to implement the original Duane model (1964) and Crow-AMSAA model (1975) for the assessment and projection activity. However, in case of reliability growth rate changing, it is necessary to find the method to increase the "GOF" of reliability growth curves to test data. To increase GOF of reliability growth curves, it is necessary to find the proper parameter calculation method of interesting reliability growth models that are applicable to the situation of reliability growth rate changing. Since the Duane and AMSAA models have a characteristic to get more strong influence from the initial test (or failure) data than the latest one, the both models have a limitation to contain the latest test data information that is more important and better to assess test data in view of accuracy, especially when the reliability growth rate changing. The main objective of this research is to find the parameter calculation method to reflect the latest test data in the case of reliability growth rate changing. According to my experience in vehicle and construction equipment developments over 18 years, over the 90% in the total development cases are with such changing during the developing test. The objective of this research was to develop the newly assessing method and the process for GOF level increasing in case of reliability growth rate changing that would contribute to achieve more accurate assessing and projecting result. We also developed the new evaluation method for GOF that are applicable to the both models as Duane and AMSAA, so it is possible to compare it between models and check the effectiveness of new parameter calculation methods in any interesting situation. These research results can reduce the decision error for development process and business control with the accurately assessing and projecting result.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제30권10호
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• pp.1219-1226
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• 2006

The ASTM test standard recommends the use of the compact tension specimen for creep crack growth rates measurement. In the creep crack growth rate test, the displacement rate due to creep is obtained by subtracting the contribution of elastic and plastic components from the total load line displacement rate based on displacement partitioning method fur determining $C^*-integral$, which involves Ramberg-Osgood (R-O) fitting procedures. This paper investigates the effect of the R-O fitting procedures on plastic displacement rate estimates in creep crack growth testing, via detailed two-dimensional and three-dimensional finite element analyses of the standard compact tension specimen. Four different R-O fitting procedures are considered; (i) fitting the entire true stress-strain data up to the ultimate tensile strength, (ii) fitting the true stress-strain data from 0.1% strain to 0.8 of the true ultimate strain, (iii) fitting the true stress-strain data only up to 5% strain, and (iv) fitting the engineering stress-strain data. It is found that the last two procedures provide reasonably accurate plastic displacement rates and thus should be recommended in creep crack growth testing. Moreover, several advantages of fitting the engineering stress-strain data over fitting the true stress-strain data only up to 5% strain are discussed.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2009

This paper proposes a utility-based data rate allocation algorithm to provide high-quality mobile video streaming over femtocell networks. We first derive a utility function to calculate the optimal data rates for maximizing the aggregate utilities of all mobile users in the femtocell. The total sum of optimal data rates is limited by the link capacity of the backhaul connections. Furthermore, electromagnetic cross-talk poses a serious problem for the backhaul connections, and its influence passes on to mobile users, as well as causing data rate degradation in the femtocell networks. We also have studied a fixed margin iterative water-filling algorithm to achieve the target data rate of each backhaul connection as a counter-measure to the cross-talk problem. The results of our simulation show that the algorithm is capable of minimizing the transmission power of backhaul connections while guaranteeing a high overall quality of service for all users of the same binder. In particular, it can provide the target data rate required to maximize user satisfaction with the mobile video streaming service over the femtocell networks.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.296-301
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• 2004

This paper addresses an analysis for a railway data transmission protocol-Ethernet based data transmission between the CTC(Centralized Traffic Control System) and the SCADA(Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system. Fame error rates of the data transmissions are calculated and compared for the two cases that the CTC/SCADA has an extra data transmission error control(CRCI6) besides the inherent error control of the Ethernet(CRC32), and that the CTC/SCADA has no extra data transmission error control. With simulation results it has been verified that the extra data transmission error control(CRC16) contributes to lowering the frame error rate.

• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신설비학회 2007년도 학술대회
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• pp.50-54
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• 2007

현재 국내에서 ITS(Intelligent Transport Systems) 통신방식으로 이 용되고 있는 DSRC 방식은 TTA(한국정보통신기술협회)의 기술표준으로서 대전시,전주시에 적용되어 BIS(Bus Information Service)에 이용되고 있고,최근 고속도로 ETCS(Electronic Toll Collection System)가 DSRC방식으로 전국고속도로 Tollgate 에서 2007년 연말에 개통될 예정이다. DSRC 방식은 2000년에 TTA(한국정보통신기술협회)에서 기술표준이 제정되어 현재 1Mbps 의 Data 용량을 가진다. DSRC 방식의 물리링크 변조방식은 ASK(Amplitude Shift Keying)로 ITS 확장 서비스 적용을 위해 변조방식을 QPSK(Quadrature Phase Shift Keying )로 개선하게 되면 이론적으로 4배의 Data Rate 향상이 이루어진다. 물리적인 RF 변조방식을 ASK에서 QPSK로 바꿔 간단히 Data Rate을 개선하게 되면 회로구현의 경제성이 향상되어 DSRC 응용 서비스가 활성화 될 것이다.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2006년도 제27회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.127-131
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 역해석의 한 형태인 시험데이터 보정기법을 제시하였다. 이 방법을 적용하여 계측이 용이한 온도/압력 데이터로부터 상대적으로 계측이 어려운 유량, 열 전달율 등의 데이터를 도출할 수 있었다. 본 논문에서는 시험데이터 보정기법을 활용하여 발사체 가압시스템으로 널리 활용되는 극저온/고압 헬륨 토출시스템의 예비시험을 통하여 획득된 온도/압력 데이터로부터 유량, 열 전달율을 도출하는 방법 및 결과를 제시한다.