• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2009

본 논문은 독거노인을 위한 보조 시스템을 제안한다. 제안한 시스템은 착용형 RFID 시스템과 게이트웨이 시스템, 서버 시스템으로 구성된다. 착용형 RFID 시스템은 장갑형태로 구성되며, 싱크노드와 RFID 리더기를 갖는 센서노드로 구성된다. 센서노드는 가구나 약병, 설탕, 소금 등의 다양한 일상생활 물체에 부착된 RFID 태그를 읽는다. 센서 노드는 무선 패킷을 싱크노드로 전송한다. 싱크노드는 수신된 패킷을 게이트웨이로 보내고, 게이트웨이는 수신된 패킷을 서버로 전달한다. 서버 시스템은 데이터베이스 서버와 웹 서버로 구성된다. 착용형 RFID 시스템에서 전달된 데이터는 데이터베이스에 저장되고, 사용자의 일상 생활 활동정보를 표시한다. 처리된 데이터는 가족이나 수발제공자, 병원관계자 등 사용자의 일상생활 패턴을 원하는 사용자에게 제공될 수 있다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.383-390
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• 2013

Objectives: We evaluated the effects of an allergy control program on children with atopic dermatitis (AD) in five schools located within Gyeonggi-do. Methods: Based on the results of the 12-month prevalence of AD symptoms from an International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire of all students (n=2109; 1040 boys, 1069 girls) at five randomly selected schools, 227 students with AD symptoms were screened. Finally, 188 students with greater than 1 on SCORAD (SCORing Atopic Dermatitis) determined by a physician were selected. The allergy control program includes education related to allergic diseases, skin prick tests, and SCORAD evaluation, as well as keeping a daily journal to check the usage of moisturizer at least once a day. To determine the effectiveness of the allergy control program, SCORAD evaluation was performed again six weeks later. Results: The most common symptom for 12-month prevalence was rhinorrhea (33.9%), followed by atopic skin lesions (14.8%) and wheezing (4.0%). The 12-month prevalences of the three allergic diseases were higher for boys than for girls, and a significant difference was found for allergic rhinitis (P<0.001). The mean SCORAD index decreased significantly from 26.1 to 17.5 after the completion of the six-week control program (P<0.01). In particular, these differences were more pronounced for the group which used the daily journal (P<0.001). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the allergy control program including usage of a daily journal as well as regular monitoring could be a promising tool for preventing and alleviating the symptoms of allergic diseases.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제3권6호
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• pp.555-565
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• 2019

Development of a biomarker for predicting tumor-treatment efficacy is a matter of great concern, to reduce time, medical expense, and effort in oncology therapy. In a preclinical study, we hypothesized that the blood-flow parameter based on laser speckle flowmetry (LSF) could be a potential indicator to estimate the efficacy of breast-cancer treatment. To verify this hypothesis, a 13762-MAT-B-III rat breast tumor was grown in a dorsal skinfold window chamber applied to a nude mouse, and the change in blood flow rate (BFR) - or the speckle flow index (SFI) is used together as the same meaning in this manuscript - was longitudinally monitored during tumor growth and metronomic cyclophosphamide treatment. Based on the daily LSF angiogram, several BFR parameters (baseline SFI, normalized SFI, and △rBFR) were compared to tumor size in the normal, treated, and untreated tumor groups. Despite the incomplete tumor treatment, we found that the daily changes in all BFR parameters tended to have partially positive correlation with tumor size. Moreover, we observed that the changes in baseline SFI and normalized SFI responded one day earlier than the tumor shrinkage during chemotherapy. However, daily variations in the hypercapnia-induced △rBFR lagged tumor shrinkage by one day. This study would contribute not only to evaluating tumor vascular response to treatment, but also to monitoring blood-flow-mediated diseases (in brain, skin, and retina) by using LSF in preclinical settings.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.890-895
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• 2012

Duration curves describe the percentage of time that a certain water quality (total/fecal coliform (=TC/FC)) or discharge is exceeded. The curves methodology are usually based on daily records and are useful in estimating how many days per year and event will be exceeded. The technique was further applied to estimated TC/FC loading to the Geumho River, using the daily mean flow rate and TC/FC concentration data during January, 2001 and December, 2011 for the Geumhogang6 (=Seongseo water level station) where an automated monitoring station is located in Gangchang-bridge. Low flow of the Seongseo (=11.1 cms) was equivalent to 75.3% on an exceedance probability scale. Load Duration curve for TC/FC loading at the Seongseo was constructed. Standard load duration curve was constructed with the water quality criteria for class III (TC/FC concentration = 5000/1000 CFU/ 100 mL). By plotting TC/FC observed load duration curve with standard load duration curve, it could be revealed that water quality do not meet the desired water quality for 68.8/11.2% on an exceedance probability scale. IF linear correlation between flow rate and coliform concentration is assumed, it can be interpreted that water quality exceed desired criteria when daily average flow rate is over 11.9/109.9 cms.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.279-285
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• 2016

The space radiation dose over air routes including polar routes should be carefully considered, especially when space weather shows sudden disturbances such as coronal mass ejections (CMEs), flares, and accompanying solar energetic particle events. We recently established a heliocentric potential (HCP) prediction model for real-time operation of the CARI-6 and CARI-6M programs. Specifically, the HCP value is used as a critical input value in the CARI-6/6M programs, which estimate the aviation route dose based on the effective dose rate. The CARI-6/6M approach is the most widely used technique, and the programs can be obtained from the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). However, HCP values are given at a one month delay on the FAA official webpage, which makes it difficult to obtain real-time information on the aviation route dose. In order to overcome this critical limitation regarding the time delay for space weather customers, we developed a HCP prediction model based on sunspot number variations (Hwang et al. 2015). In this paper, we focus on improvements to our HCP prediction model and update it with neutron monitoring data. We found that the most accurate method to derive the HCP value involves (1) real-time daily sunspot assessments, (2) predictions of the daily HCP by our prediction algorithm, and (3) calculations of the resultant daily effective dose rate. Additionally, we also derived the HCP prediction algorithm in this paper by using ground neutron counts. With the compensation stemming from the use of ground neutron count data, the newly developed HCP prediction model was improved.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.263-274
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• 2021

This study presents the achievements and limitations of the voluntary-based Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) through statistical analysis of water quality monitoring data and performance assessments of TMDL plans implemented in the Gyeongan watershed. The results clearly showed that responsible local governments complied the allocated TMDL and the designated water quality goals were successfully achieved in the required period. This was possible because the Ministry of Environment provided innovative incentives, such as, relaxations of the existing tight land-use regulations and full-scale financial aids for constructing and operating public treatment facilities to draw local government voluntary participation. However, a couple of problems which decreased the effectiveness and efficiency of the voluntary TMDL were identified. The different TMDL implementation schedules between upstream (Yongin) and downstream (Gwangju) governments caused delay in water quality improvement and exaggerated TMDL allocation to the local development which made excessive investment in the treatment facilities. Although it is not directly related to the voluntary scheme, technical methods for establishing and assessing the water quality goals should be improved so that the effects of flow conditions on water quality are properly assessed. We expect that results of this case study contribute to developing a more effective voluntary-based scheme for the implementation of the so-called 'tributary TMDL' in the future.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.355-363
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• 2021

Background and objective: This study was conducted on Forsythia velutina, a special plant, in Gyeongsangnam-do Arboretum under the Gyeongsangnam-do Forest Environment Research Institute, which is located in the southern part of Korea. Methods: The research aimed to analyze the flowering characteristics of the plant by calculating the optimal temperature and humidity according to the flowering time and flowering period for 8 years from 2010 to 2017 in order to provide basic data for bioclimate studies of endemic plants. Results: It was observed that the Forsythia velutina showed a life cycle from mid-March and to mid-November. Average growth period was 243 (± 6.5) days. In testing the reliability of a single variable according to the meteorological factors, the Cronbach's Alpha was 0.701, which indicates that the findings were relatively reliable. The average date of flowering was March 16 (SD = 5.8) and the average date on which blossoms fall was March 29 (SD = 5.2). A substantial difference in flowering period was observed from year to year 11 to 23 days, with an average of 16 days (± 4.7). The temperature and humidity in February to March, which affect the flowering, were 2.9-5.5℃, and 66.5-73.0%, respectively, and showed differences every year. Conclusion: The correlation between flowering time and meteorological factors was positive, and the highest daily temperature and average daily temperature had the highest significance. When establishing basic data on plant species for the conservation of endemic plants, the changes in life cycle events and weather conditions are identified. It is believed that it will be helpful in establishing a conservation strategy for the plant species in the future.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.125-137
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• 2024

Background: The Korea Risk Information Surveillance System (K-RISS) was developed to enable the early detection of food and drug safety-related issues. Its goal is to deliver real-time risk indicators generated from ongoing food and drug risk monitoring. However, the existing K-RISS system suffers under several limitations. Objectives: This study aims to augment K-RISS with more detailed indicators and establish a severity standard that takes into account structural changes in the daily time series of K-RISS values. Methods: First, a Delphi survey was conducted to derive the required weights. Second, a control chart, commonly used in statistical process controls, was utilized to detect outliers and establish caution, attention, and serious levels for K-RISS values. Furthermore, Bai and Perron's method was employed to determine structural changes in K-RISS time series. Results: The study incorporated 'closeness to life' and 'sustainability' indicators into K-RISS. It obtained the necessary weights through a survey of experts for integrating variables, combining indicators by data source, and aggregating sub K-RISS values. We defined caution, attention, and serious levels for both average and maximum values of daily K-RISS. Furthermore, when structural changes were detected, leading to significant variations in daily K-RISS values according to different periods, the study systematically verified these changes and derived respective severity levels for each period. Conclusions: This study enhances the existing K-RISS system and introduces more advanced indicators. K-RISS is now more comprehensively equipped to serve as a risk warning index. The study has paved the way for an objective determination of whether the food safety risk index surpasses predefined thresholds through the application of severity levels.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.233-244
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• 2014

The objective of this study was to explore the characteristics of concentration of indoor air pollutants, such as $PM_{10}$, $CO_2$, and $NO_2$, measured by tele-monitoring system in a Seoul Metropolitan underground railway station from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2012. The annual average concentration of indoor air pollutants actually varied over a wide range and was found to exhibit marked variation with time and measurement sites (tunnel inlet, platform, and concourse). After installing platform screen doors, the average $PM_{10}$ concentration on platform and concourse was decreased by 43.8% and 31.2%, respectively during the study periods. The relationship between the concentration of $PM_{10}$ and meteorological parameters (relative humidity and rainfall) or the Asian dust events was regarded as statistically significant. The correlations between the number of boarding/alighting passengers and $PM_{10}$, $CO_2$, and $NO_2$ were calculated. A p-value of less than 0.01 was regarded as significant except $NO_2$. The I/O ratio of $PM_{10}$ concentration was elevated after a congested time (about 08:00 am). The average I/O ratios of $NO_2$ were observed in concourse and platform on 03:00 am with $1.76{\pm}0.91$ and $1.50{\pm}0.51$, respectively. The average daily variation of standard excess rate of $PM_{10}$ and $NO_2$ concentration in concourse and platform was investigated. The highest standard excess rate was observed on 21:00 (09:00 pm).

• 환경영향평가
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.61-77
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• 2020

현재 국내 주요 공공수역은 국가차원 아래 체계적인 물환경 관리가 되어왔고, 특히 하천, 호소 등 생태계의 실태파악 및 대응을 위해 지속적인 모니터링 및 관리가 이루어져 왔다. 그 중, 수질측정망은 수질측정 주기가 8일에서 한 달 주기로 조사되는 반면, 자동측정망의 경우, 실시간 자료를 수집함으로써 일 데이터 자료를 제공하고 있다. 따라서 측정망 자료를 활용하여 동일한 수질항목에 대해 추세변화를 분석하고 통계적 방법을 통해 비교하였다. Mann-kendall test 결과 Water Temperature (WT)와 DO는 모든 지점이 통계적으로 유의하지 않은 것으로 확인되었고, 특히 TOC에서는 4개 지점, TN은 2개 지점, TP는 3개 지점, Water Temperature (WT)는 7개 지점, pH는 2개 지점, EC는 5개 지점, DO는 6개 지점에서 동일한 추세 경향을 보였다. LOWESS 분석 결과, TOC와 pH의 측정망 결과는 서로 다른 추세를 보이는 것으로 분석되었다. 지점별, 항목간 상관관계 분석결과에 따르면 안동댐하류-안동1 지점에서는 TP, 도개-산곡지점에서는 TOC, 고령(자동)-고령 지점에서는 pH, 적포-창녕 지점에서는 TP, 감천-감천2-1 지점에서는 TN, TP, pH, EC, DO 항목을 제외하고 나머지 항목에서 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보이는 것으로 분석되었다. 그리고 신암-상주2 지점과 남강-남강4 지점에서는 모든 항목에서 유의한 양의 상관관계를 나타내는 것으로 분석되었다.