• Title/Summary/Keyword: daily inspection

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Pesticide Residues Survey and Safety Evaluation for Perilla Leaf & Lettuce on the Garak-dong Agricultural & Marine Products Market (가락동 농수산물도매시장 반입 들깻잎과 상추의 잔류농약 실태 및 안전성 평가)

  • Park, Won-Hee;Hwang, In-Sook;Kim, Eun-Jeong;Cho, Tae-Hee;Hong, Chae-Kyu;Lee, Jae-In;Choi, Su-Jeong;Kim, Jin-A;Lee, Yun-Jeong;Kim, Mi-Sun;Kim, Gi-Hae;Kim, Moo-Sang
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.151-160
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    • 2015
  • This study was conducted to monitor residual pesticides in perilla leaf & lettuce and to assess their risk to human health. The total number of perilla leaf & lettuce were 4,063 and 2,248 respectively and these products were collected at the Garak-dong Agricultural & Marine Products Market sold by auction from 2010 to 2012. Multi-residual analysis of 285 pesticides were performed by GC-ECD, GC-NPD, HPLC-DAD and HPLC-FLD. In perilla leaf, 61 pesticides were detected and detection rate was 20.0%. 28 pesticides were detected in case of lettuce and detection rate was 4.8%. In order to do risk assessment by perilla leaf & lettuce consumption, estimated daily intake of residual pesticides were determined and compared to acceptable daily intake, referring to hazard index (HI values). The range of % HI values of perilla leaf was from 0.000% to 0.049%. The range of % HI values of lettuce was from 0.000% to 0.095%. These results show that the risk caused by pesticide residues in perilla leaf & lettuce intake were very low and these vegetable intake was safe.

A Survey on the Pesticide Residues and Risk Assessment for Agricultural Products on the Markets in Incheon Area from 2010 to 2012 (인천광역시 유통 농산물의 최근 3년간의 잔류농약 실태 및 안전성 조사)

  • Kim, Hye-Young;Lee, Soo-Yeon;Kim, Cheol-Gi;Choi, Eun-Jeong;Lee, Eun-Ju;Jo, Nam-Gyu;Lee, Jea-Man;Kim, Yong-Hee
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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    • v.32 no.1
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    • pp.61-69
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    • 2013
  • BACKGROUND: This survey was done to investigate the pesticide residues and to assess their risk on agricultural products on the Markets in Incheon from 2010 to 2012. METHODS AND RESULTS: The total number of samples were 16,025 for agricultural products and these were analyzed by multi-residue method using GC-ECD/NPD, GC-MS, LC-MS/MS and HPLC-PDA/FLD. The violation rates of the samples over maximum residue limits(MRLs) of pesticide residues established by Korean Food and Drug Administration in the survey of 2010, 2011 and 2012 were 1.2%, 0.8% and 0.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION(S): Of the total violated samples, more than 75% of the rates were recorded from the samples of leafy vegetables. Most commonly encountered agricultural commodities over MRLs were Chwinamul, perilla leaves and crown daisy. The pesticides detected yearly over MRLs during three years were endosulfan, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, lufenuron, chlorothalonil, flutolanil, procymidone, ethoprophos. Estimated daily intakes compared to acceptable daily intakes, except radish and Welsh onion, is estimated less harm on human in 10 kinds of pesticides which frequently occurred violation.

Residue analysis and risk assessment of ethoxyquin and ethoxyquin dimer in farmed fish (양식어류 중 Ethoxyquin과 Ethoxyquin dimer의 잔류분석 및 위해평가)

  • Choi, Young-Hee;Ko, Suk-Kyung;Ryu, Seung-Hee;Jin, Young-Hee;Kwak, Jae-Eun;Lee, Myung-Sook;Kim, Bog-Soon;Hang, In-Sook
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.53 no.3
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    • pp.239-244
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    • 2021
  • In the present study, liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry was used to conduct a risk assessment of ethoxyquin and ethoxyquin dimer residues in 288 farmed fish sold in wholesale and traditional markets in Seoul. The detection range (detection rate) of ethoxyquin and ethoxyquin dimer was 0.005~0.309 mg/kg (4.9%) and 0.001~2.828 mg/kg (69.8%), respectively. Ethoxyquin was detected only in freshwater eels, loaches, catfish, and flatfish, whereas ethoxyquin dimer was present in all fish species. To estimate the dietary exposure levels of ethoxyquin and ethoxyquin dimer, the hazard index, calculated using the acceptable daily intake and estimated daily intake, ranged from 0.001 to 0.300%. Our results indicate that there is no significant exposure risk to humans from these farmed fish despite 10 farmed fish samples exceeding the maximum residue level (1.0 mg/kg as the sum of ethoxyquin and ethoxyquin dimer).

Monitoring Pesticide Residues in Nuts and Seeds in Gyeonggi-do (경기도 내 유통 견과종실류의 잔류농약 실태 모니터링)

  • Yu-na Lee;Soo-Kyeong Moon;Jung-Hee Lee;Ae-ran Kim;Kyeong-Eun Moon;Choong-Won Kang;Jin-Hee Lee;Myoung-Ki Park
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.38 no.3
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    • pp.152-157
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    • 2023
  • This study was aimed to investigate pesticides residue levels in nuts and seeds distributed in Gyeonggi-do. We investigated nuts and seeds in 131 products, which is pumpkin seeds (n=17), sunflower (n=12), sesame (n=23), perilla (n=11), peanut (n=18), almond (n=8), chestnut (n=6), walnut (n=14), pine nut (n=3), pecan (n=4), macadamia (n=3), brazil nut (n=5), cashew nut (n=4) and ginkgo nut (n=3). As a result of evaluating 339 pesticide residues, eight out of 131 samples were detected at the range of 0.01-0.07 mg/kg. Additionally, 7 out of 8 detected samples exceeded MRLs (Maximum Residue Limits) and 85% of them were imported. Pyraclostrobin applied on the positive list system (PLS) was detected in five Chinese pumpkin seeds samples, and the range was 0.02-0.04 mg/kg. In Indian and Korean sesame seeds, pendimethalin, boscalid, and bifenthrin were detected at 0.04, 0.05, and 0.06 mg/kg, respectively. The ratio of estimated daily intake (EDI) to acceptable daily intake (ADI) was 0.002-0.372%, indicating that the risk level was safe.

Monitoring of Residual Pesticides in Grape Seed Oil being Sold in Gyeonggi Province (경기도 내 판매되고 있는 포도씨유의 잔류농약 모니터링)

  • Mi-Hui Son;Jae-Kwan Kim;You-Jin Lee;Ji-Eun Kim;Eun-Jin Baek;Byeong-Tae Kim;Myoung-Ki Park;Bo-yeon Kwon
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.39 no.2
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    • pp.128-133
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    • 2024
  • Using the freezing removal method, we investigated residual pesticides in 50 grape seed oils distributed in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. The fat was mixed with acetonitrile and then frozen at ≤-20℃ for 24 h. Fats and oils were removed by separating those in solid state and the extract acetonitrile in liquid state. Ten residual pesticides were detected 161 times in 49 of 50 cases. The detected pesticides were boscalid, cyclufenamide, deltamethrin, difenoconazole, fluxapyroxad, fenpyrazamine, kresoxim-methyl, piperonyl butoxide, tebuconazole, and trifluoxysorbin. Boscalid, a fungicide, was most frequently detected (44 times), followed by fluxapiroxad (35 times). The detection range was 0.01-1.10 mg/kg, which was within the legal limit of residual pesticide for grapes. The recovery rate of the detected pesticides was 72.6-129.8% and the ratio of estimated daily intake/acceptable daily intake was calculated to determine the risk of the detected pesticides, which was <0.0028%. This indicated that the risk caused by pesticide residues in grape seed oil is at a safe level.

Estimation of Concentrations in Foods and Their Daily Intake for Sorbic Acid in Korea (식품 중 소르빈산의 사용실태 및 섭취량에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Hee-Yun;Jang, Young-Mi;Yoon, Hae-Jung;Lee, Chang-Hee;Park, Sung-Kwan;Park, Sun-Young;Shin, Il-Shick;Lee, Jong-Ok;Chin, Myung-Shik;Lee, Chul-Won
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.34 no.6
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    • pp.1103-1109
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    • 2002
  • Mean concentration and daily intake of sorbic acid were estimated through the analysis of food samples obtained from Korea FDA and food sanitation inspection agency during $1999{\sim}2000$. Total number of samples were 14,129, among which the number of detected samples were 2,561 (detection rate was 18.13%). Contribution rate to total estimated daily intake (%) of sorbic acid in the categorized food were the highest in processed fish product. Total estimated daily intake $({\Sigma}EDI)$ for age groups were the highest in $30{\sim}49$ years old and ranged from 3.42 to 9.25 mg/person/day. Estimation of average food intake for each food item per person per day was based on data in national nutrition survey and national food disapperance data in 1998. Total estimated daily intake of sorbic acid was 20.40 mg per body weight of 55 kg. This value was 1.48% of acceptable daily intake evaluated by FAO/WHO and 33.03% of theoretical maximum daily intake.

Monitoring of Pesticide Residues and Risk Assessment in Some Fruits on the Market in Incheon, Korea (인천지역 유통 과일 중 잔류농약 모니터링 및 위해성 평가)

  • Chung, Se Jin;Kim, Hye Young;Kim, Ji Hyeung;Yeom, Mi Suk;Cho, Joong Hee;Lee, Soo Yeon
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.111-120
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    • 2014
  • BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to investigate the levels of pesticide residues in fruits and to assess their risk to human health. METHODS AND RESULTS: Monitoring of 215 samples of fruits collected from local markets in incheon during 2013 was performed. 259 pesticides were analyzed by multi-residue method and Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and safe/Mass/Mass(QuEChERS/MS/MS) method using Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector/Nitrogen Phosphorus Detector(GC-ECD/NPD), GC-MS, LC(Liquid Chromatography-Mass/Mass(LC-MS/MS) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Photodiode Array/Fluorescence Detector(HPLC-PDA/FLD). In 56.3% of the samples detected pesticide residues and were not found to exceed Maximum Residue Limits(MRL). The highest detected samples were found in citrus fruits(83.9%). Among the detected compounds, carbendazim(13.1%), imazalil (11.7%), thiabendazole(10.7%) and fludioxonil(9.8%) were frequently found in fruits. A risk assessment of pesticide residues in fruits was performed by calculating Estimated Daily Intake(EDI) and Acceptable Daily Intake(ADI). Also, we were evaluated removal efficiency of pesticide residues by washing and peeling. The removal efficiency of pesticide residues in citrus and tropical fruits by peeling processes were 91.6%. After the washing process, the removal rates were 43.1%(Cherry, Grape, Blueberry). CONCLUSION: The level of pesticide residues in fruits was within the MRL. The range of %ADI values was from 0.00011 to 0.98795%. The process of washing or peeling reduces the level of pesticide residues. The results of this research concluded that the detected pesticides are not harmful to human being.

A Research on the Residual Pesticide Content of Dried Agricultural Products from Ulsan (울산지역 건조농산물 가공품의 잔류농약 분석)

  • Kim, Dae-Kyo;Kim, Seon-Hwa;Kim, Su-Hui;Choi, Jae-Seon;Kim, Hui-jeong;Kim, Young-Min
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.37 no.4
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    • pp.238-248
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    • 2022
  • This study was conducted to evaluate the safety of 208 types of residue pesticides on 150 dried agricultural products in Ulsan. The pesticide residues were detected using GC-MS/MS, LC-MS/MS, GC/ECD, GC/NPD, and LC/PDA. The detection rate was 19.3% (29 of 150 samples), and 28 types of pesticides were detected. Two of the 29 pesticide residues exceeded the maximum residue limit (MRL). Difenoconazole was detected in Ulleungdo aster, and chlorothalonil and chlorpyrifos were detected in chili pepper leaves. In the vegetable group, the frequency of pesticide residues was found to be the highest in dried leafy vegetables, followed by dried fruiting vegetables other than cucurbit vegetables, and then dried stalk and stem vegetables. The pesticide types detected in the commercial dried agricultural products were fungicide (60%), insecticide (23.8%), and acaricide (16.3%). In the validation study, the values of limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), coefficient of determination (R2), and recovery rate were in the range of 0.0001-0.0409 mg/kg, 0.0003-0.1241 mg/kg, 0.994-0.999, and 81.58-116.79%, respectively. The ratio of estimated daily intake (EDI)/acceptable daily intake (ADI) was 0.00002-0.31395%.

Monitoring and Risk Assessment of Pesticide Residues Farmers' Market Produce in Northern Gyeonggi-do (경기 북부 내 직거래 농산물의 잔류농약 실태조사 및 위해성 평가)

  • Lim, Jeong-Hwa;Park, Po-Hyun;Lim, Bu-Geon;Ryu, Kyong-Shin;Kang, Min-Seong;Song, Seo-Hyeon;Kang, Nam-Hee;Yoo, Na-Young;Kim, Jeong-Eun;Kang, Choong-Won;Kim, Youn-Ho;Seo, Jeong-Hwa;Choi, Ok-Kyung;Yoon, Mi-Hye
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.35 no.3
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    • pp.243-251
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    • 2020
  • In this study, we investigated pesticide residues in 207 agricultural products distributed by direct trade in the northern area of Gyeonggi Province. A total of 94 general agricultural products and 113 eco-friendly agricultural products collected from local grocers and cooperative stores were analyzed by multiresidue method for 263 pesticides using GC (gas chromatography)/ECD (electron capture detector), GC/NPD (nitrogen phosphorus detector), GC-MS/MS (tandem mass spectrometry), LC (liquid chromatography)/PDA (photodiode array detector), LC/FLD (fluorescence detector), LC-MS/MS. All samples showing pesticide residues were general agricultural products collected from local food stores. The pesticide residue levels of 14 samples (6.8%) were below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) and one of them (0.5%) exceeded the MRLs. Sixteen pesticides were detected from samples of the following produce items: spinach, young cabbage, perilla leaves, mallow, cucumber, chives and water dropwort. The safety of the detected pesticides was assessed by monitoring the daily intake estimate (EDI) and the daily intake allowance (ADI) based on the amount of pesticides detected. The ADI percentage range (the ratio of EDI to ADI) was 0.0134-61.6259% and there was no health risk connected with consuming agricultural products in which pesticide residues were detected.

Influence of track irregularities in high-speed Maglev transportation systems

  • Huang, Jing Yu;Wu, Zhe Wei;Shi, Jin;Gao, Yang;Wang, Dong-Zhou
    • Smart Structures and Systems
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    • v.21 no.5
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    • pp.571-582
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    • 2018
  • Track irregularities of high-speed Maglev lines have significant influence on ride comfort. Their adjustment is of key importance in the daily maintenance of these lines. In this study, an adjustment method is proposed and track irregularities analysis is performed. This study considers two modules: an inspection module and a vehicle-guideway coupling vibration analysis module. In the inspection module, an inertial reference method is employed for field-measurements of the Shanghai high-speed Maglev demonstration line. Then, a partial filtering, integration method, resampling method, and designed elliptic filter are employed to analyze the detection data, which reveals the required track irregularities. In the analysis module, a vehicle-guideway interaction model and an electromagnetic interaction model were developed. The influence of the measured line irregularities is considered for the calculations of the electromagnetic force. Numerical integration method was employed for the calculations. Based on the actual field detection results and analysis using the numerical model, a threshold analysis method is developed. Several irregularities modalities with different girder end's deviations were considered in the simulations. The inspection results indicated that long-wavelength irregularities with larger girder end's deviations were the dominant irregularities. In addition, the threshold analysis of the girder end's deviation shows that irregularities that have a deviation amplitude larger than 6 mm and certain modalities (e.g., M- and N-shape) are unfavorable. These types of irregularities should be adjusted during the daily maintenance.