• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2000

In this experiment, we studied the sero-positive rate of akabane virus in cattle from Jeju-do and analyzed the seroepidemiological features. In an analysis of 1,051 samples, the positive rate for neutralizing antibody in sera collected in nine regions on Jeju-do was 56.7%. The rate varied with the region. The positive rate was 69.6% in Aewol, 63.1% in Jeju city, 54.4% in Anduck, 51.0% in Hallim, 69.8% in Jocheun, 47.6% in Pyosun, 40% in Daejeong, 30.0% in Harkyung, 71.6% in Namwon, 24.5% in Sungsan, 133.,3% in Seokypo and 44.5% in Gujwa, respectively The rate also depended on the age of the cattle. The positive rate was 67.2% in calves 0- to 12-month old, 48.3% in cattle 13- to 24-month old, 65.4% in cattle 25- to 36-month old, and 65.4% in cattle more than ,B7 months old. To isolate the virus from calves with malformations including arthrogryposis and hydranencephaly, cerebral homogenates were inoculated into Vero cells, which were determined for cytopathic effect (CPE). Vero cells with CPE were examined for Akabane virus using an electron microscope (EM) and indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (EM). Typical virus particles with a width of 90-130nm and specific immunofluorescence in the cytoplasm of infected cells were sought for identification.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.387-389
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• 2011

우리의 이전의 연구에서 Citrus auranifoli 오일은 Malassezia furfur와 Malassezia pachydermatis에 대해 항곰팡이 활성을 나타낸다는 것을 보여주었다. 본 연구에서 Citrus auranifoli 오일의 주요 성분인 리모넨(limonene)의 M. furfur와 M. pachydermatis에 대한 저해효과를 디크스 확산 방법(disk diffusion method)에 의해 측정하였고, Beas-2B 세포에 대한 세포독성을 cytopathic effect reduction 방법에 의해 측정하였다. Limonene의 최소곰팡이저해농도(minimum fungicidal concentration)는 양성대조구인 itraconazole보다 더 낮았고, 100 ${\mu}g$/mL의 농도에서 Beas-2B cells에 대한 세포독성을 나타내지 않았다. 그러나 itraconazole은 같은 농도에서 약한 세포독성을 나타내었다. 그러므로, 우리의 결과에서 limonene는 비세포독성과 함께 M. furfur and M. pachydermatis의 성장저해를 하는데 효과적이라는 것을 보여준다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.396-402
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• 2012

이 연구에서 참쑥(Artemisia dubia) 오일의 화학적 조성, 돼지 유행성 설사 바이러스(porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, PEDV)에 대한 항바이러스 활성 및 항균 활성을 평가하였다. 참쑥 오일로부터 질량 분석기가 장착된 가스 크로마토 그래피(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, GC-MS)에 의해 58개의 화합물이 분석되어졌다. 그 오일의 주요한 성분은 각각 camphor (17.18%), germacrene-D (15.70%), trans(${\beta}-$)caryophyllene (6.79%), ${\beta}$-thujones (6.57%), 1, 8-cineole (5.94%) and camphene (5.08%) 순으로 나타났다. 참쑥 오일의 돼지 유행성 설사 바이러스에 대한 항바이러스능을 세포독성 감소 방법 [cytopathic effect (CPE) reduction method]에 의해 베로 세포(원숭이 신장세포, Vero cells)에서 평가하였다. 그 오일은 43.7 ${\mu}g/ml$의 50% 저해농도 ($IC_{50}$)와 함께 돼지 유행성 설사 바이러스 복제를 억제하였다. 또한 그 오일은 100 ${\mu}g/ml$ 이상에서 세포독성을 나타내지 않았으며, 그 치료지수(therapeutic index, TI value)는 2.3 이상이였다. 리바비린(rivabirin)은 그 오일에 비해 상대적으로 낮은 항바이러스능을 나타내었다. 다섯개 미생물(Staphyloscoccus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Propionibacterium acnes, Candida albicans)에 대한 참쑥 오일의 항균 활성은 페이퍼 디스크 방법(paer disck diffusion method)에 의해 평가하였다. 그 결과 그 오일은 5가지 미생물에 대해 8-22 mm의 투명환(clear zone)을 나타내며 항균활성을 보였다. 테스트된 미생물들 가운데 S. pyogenes가 가장 높은 활성을 나타냈으며, C. albicans가 가장 낮은 활성을 나타냈다. 이상의 결과로부터 참쑥 오일은 항균 및 돼지 유행성 설사 바이러스 유래 질병을 조절하는데 응용 가능할 것이라 사료된다.

• 약학회지
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.75-79
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• 2011

The replication competent adenoviral vector (AV), AdLPCDIRESE1A was generated and reported previously to have cytotoxic effects in some cell lines. In AdLPCDIRESE1A, the expression of cytosine deaminse (CD) and E1A genes are under the control of tumor-specific L-plastin promoter. CD enzyme can deaminate the nontoxic prodrug 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) to the toxic 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). E1A gene is essential for viral replication. Primary liver cancer, most of which is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is the third common leading cancer in Korea. Thus, we have conducted in vitro preclinical study to evaluate effectiveness of AdLPCDIRESE1A on HCC. The efficacy of cytotoxicity was measured by generation of cytopathic effect (CPE) and cell counting. We infected HepG2 cells with various MOI of vector alone or concurrent with 5-FC. Exposure of cells to AdLPCDIRESE1A generated a significant cytotoxic effect as compared to the control. Almost 83% of the cell had manifested the characteristic cytotoxic effect on day 9 after infection of cells with 10 MOI of vector. We also observed the additive cytotoxic effects when AdLPCDIRESE1A vector had been coadministrated with 5-FC. The results suggest that the use of AdLPCDIRESE1A/5FC may be value in treatment of liver cancer. Further animal studies are needed for clinical trial.

• 생약학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2011

The fruit body of Forsythiae Fructus (Oleaceae), a common Korean medical herb, is widely used in the treatment of cold and inflammation. In order to elucidate the action mechanism and the active principles from the plant against anti-influenza virus, the influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) gene RT-PCR and Viral Screening & Identification (VSI) assay were conducted, and the activity against viral replication was also investigated. Consequently, one active constituent, namely pinoresinol showed the in vitro antiviral principle using a cytopathic effect (CPE) reduction method, indicating pinoresinol possessed anti-influenza viral activity. Furthermore, combination of pinoresinol and Tamiflu exhibited higher activities than Tamiflu alone against influenza virus (H3N2) infection. The results suggested that combination of pinoresinol with Tamiflu could be a better candidate for an ant-H3N2 viral agent in the treatment of the influenza.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.49-51
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• 2013

In a previous study, we reported that 13(E)-labd-13-ene-$8{\alpha}$,15-diol (13E) possesses antiviral and anticancer activities. In this study, the anticancer and antimicrobial activities of 13(E) were evaluated against 4 cancer cell lines and 6 bacteria. 13(E) showed inhibitory effect on a variety of cancer cell lines. The $IC_{50}$ values was 8.3-21.3 ${\mu}g/mL$. 13(E) was the most effective growth inhibitor of murine leukaemia cell lines P388, producing approximately 8.3 ${\mu}g/mL$ of $IC_{50}$ in the cytopathic effect (CPE) method. 13(E) also inhibited the growth of the gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Listeria monocytogenes) and gram-negative bacteria (Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella enteritidis) with a range of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values from 0.092 to 0.598 mg/mL and gram-negative bacteria were more sensitive to the compound (MIC, 0.092 mg/mL).

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2014

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the predominant cause of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). The antiviral activity of hederasaponin B from Hedera helix against EV71 subgenotypes C3 and C4a was evaluated in vero cells. In the current study, the antiviral activity of hederasaponin B against EV71 C3 and C4a was determined by cytopathic effect (CPE) reduction method and western blot assay. Our results demonstrated that hederasaponin B and 30% ethanol extract of Hedera helix containing hederasaponin B showed significant antiviral activity against EV71 subgenotypes C3 and C4a by reducing the formation of a visible CPE. Hederasaponin B also inhibited the viral VP2 protein expression, suggesting the inhibition of viral capsid protein synthesis.These results suggest that hederasaponin B and Hedera helix extract containing hederasaponin B can be novel drug candidates with broad-spectrum antiviral activity against various subgenotypes of EV71.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2000

1993년부터 한국 서해안의 새우 양식장에서는 양식새우의 대량폐사가 일어났다. 외부증상은 두흉갑과 표피에 흰 반점이 나타났고 어류주화세포에는 배양되지 않았다. 열($50^{\circ}C$) 및 강산(pH 3)에는 쉽게 실활되었으나 강알카리(pH 11)에는 내성이 강했다. 바이러스의 입자 형태는 Rod Shaped한 형태를 보였다. 바이러스 단백질의 분석결과는 Hypodermal Hematopoietic Necrosis Baculovirus(HHNBV)와 유사했고 바이러스 핵산분석 결과는 약 114kb로 Penaeid Acute Viremia(PAV)와 유사했다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.275-281
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• 2003

An E1B-defective adenovirus, named r2/Ad carrying the neo expression cassette, was constructed by homologous recombination. The construction, selection (using neomycin as a selective marker), and propagation of the recombinant virus was performed in human embryonic kidney 293 cells (HEK 293). An in vitro study demonstrated that this recombinant virus has the ability to replicate in and lyse some p53-deficient human tumor cells such as human glioma tumor cells (U251) and human bladder cells (EJ), but not in some cells with functional p53, such as human adenocarcinoma cells (A549) and human fibroblast cells (MRC-5). Also, based on the cytopathic effect (CPE), it was demonstrated, under identical conditions, that the U251 cells were more sensitive to r2/Ad replication than the EJ cells. In this paper, we report that r2/Ad could be very useful in studying the in vitro selective replication of E1B-defective adenovirus and has great potential in cancer gene therapy.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.58-67
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• 1997

In order to find antiviral compounds against Herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-1) and II (HSV2) from natural products, a convenient virus-induced cytopathic effect (CPE) inhibition assay was introduced. More than 300 fractions were prepared by solvent fractionation from sixty collected plants or purchased herbal medicines, and their anti-herpetic activities were evaluated. Among them, several medicinal plants showed potent anti-herpetic activity. Selective indexes (SI) of the EtOAc extract of Caraganae Radix (Caragana sinica) against HSV-1 and HSV-2 were more than 8.06 and 24.79, SI of the MeOH extract of Acer okamotoanum leaves were 3.92 and 3.51, SI of the $CH_{2}Cl_{2}$ extract of Veratri Rhizoma et Radix (Veratrum patulum) were 5.49 and 1.31 and SI of the MeOH extract of aerial part of Osmundae Rhizoma (Osmunda japonica) were more than 3.45 and 1.25, respectively.