• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.183-187
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• 2005

Abstract The cancer chemopreventive potential of chitosanoligosaccharides was investigated by measuring the induction of quinone reductase and glutathione S-transferase activities and inhibition of cytochrome P450 1A1, 2B1, and 2E1 activities. Chitosanoligosaccharide I (1-${\kappa}$Da${\kappa}$Da) significantly induced glutathione S-transferase activity with a maximal 1.5-fold increase at 500 ${\mu}$g/ml, while chitosanoligosaccharide II (3-${\kappa}$Da${\kappa}$Da) (500 ${\mu}$g/ml) strongly induced quinone reductase (p<0.01) and glutathione S-transferase (p<0.005) activities. The in vitro incubation of rat liver microsomes with chitosanoligosaccharides I and II (2.5, 5, 50, and 500 ${\mu}$g/ml) showed a dose-dependent inhibiton of cytochrome P450 1A1, 2B1, and 2E1 activities. Chitosanoligosaccharide II was a more potent inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2B1 activity than chitosanoligosaccharide I. Accordingly, these findings suggest that chitosanoligosaccharides are potential chemopreventive agents.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.167-170
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• 2003

Cytochrome $b_{5}$($b_{5}$) can be found in a variety of tissues and plays a role in the electron transfer pathways. Several retropseudogenes (numbered as I, II, II, IV, V) have been identified and well investigated for their structures. However, retropseudogene I is not clear in terms of its location on the chromosome. In addition the structure and the exression of retropseudogene V have not been confirmed. To examine the structure of bs retropseudogenes V and to see whether it is expressed in human blood we applied recombinant DNA technologies including polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing. Retropseudogene V turned out to contain open reading frame (ORF) within its structure, however, no evidence of its expression was detected. Retropseudogene I was also found on the chromosome V. This study should contribute to the understanding of the structure of bs gene family.

• 환경생물
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.195-200
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• 2006

The response of hepatic mixed function oxygenase (MFO) system was investigated in olive flounder exposed to formalin. Hepatic microsome of olive flounder incubated in vitro with formalin demonstrated the induction of cytochrome P450 (CYP), ethoxyresorufin deethylase (EROD), cytochrome P450 reductase (P450R) and cytochrome b5 reductase (b5R) activity. In addition, olive flounder was exposed to 100, 300 and 500 ppm of formalin for 1 h and then transferred to a flow-through type of 1000 L aquarium. Hepatic MFO enzyme activity was determined for 72 h. As the result, hepatic CYP, P450R and EROD activities increased following exposure of formalin, but b5R and GST showed no significant change. These results imply that CYP and P450R can be considered as main hepatic enzymes involving in detoxification of formalin.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.205-213
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• 1995

This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of organic solvents on xenobiotic metabollzing enzyme system in vivo by meaas of experimental conditions i.e. (1) single group which was treated by benzene (B), toluene (T) and xylene (X), respectively, (2) combination group which was treated by mixture of benzene+toluene (BT), benzene+xylene (BX), and toluene+xylene (TX), respectively, (3) mixture group which was treated by benzene+ toluene+xylene mixture (M), and to interpreat the interaction between the organic solvents metabolizing enzymes. 1. The contents of cytochrome P-450 in liver microsomes were increased (p < 0.01) in organic solvents treated groups, and the contents of cytochrome P-450 were increased by following order of B < T < M < BT=BX < X < TX. 2. The activity of cytochrome P-450 dependent AHHase was significantly higher in organic solvents treated groups than in control group (p < 0.01), and the activity of AHHase was increased by following order of B < T < BT=BX=TX=xylene < M. 3. The activity of NADPH P-450 reductase was significantly higher in organic solvents treated groups than in control group (p < 0.01), and the order of M < combinated group < X < T

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.437-443
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• 2007

홍삼의 물추출물을 장기간 흰쥐에 급여했을 때 흰쥐 간의 이물질대사효소 활성도 유도에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 홍삼 물추출물의 급여농도는 25 mg/kg body weight이었으며, 간의 이물질대사효소 유도제는 항경련제 PB (80 mg/kg)와 발암제 3-MC (20 mg/kg)을 사용하였다. 간에서 이물질대사에 관여하는 cytochrome P-450의 함량, cytochrome P-450 dependent monooxygenase인 ECOD와 BPDM, cytochrome P-450 reductase와 GST의 활성도는 PB와 3-MC 투여에 의해서 대조군과 홍삼투여군 모두 크게 증가되었다. 흰쥐의 나이가 3개월에서는 두 유도제를 투여했을 때 이물질대사효소의 활성은 대조군이 인삼투여군에 비해 상대적으로 더 많이 유도되었다. 그러나 12개월에서는 두 시험군 모두 유도정도가 감소하였으나 홍삼투여군은 그 활성도 감소정도가 대조군에 비해 상대적으로 크지 않았다. 한편 두 그룹 모두 이물질대사 효소 중 cytochrome $B_5$ 함량과 cytochrome $b_5$ reductase의 활성도는 PB와 3-MC 투여에 의해서 뚜렷한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 따라서 이러한 결과는 흰쥐에 홍삼의 장기간 급여는 간에서 효소유도제의 이물질대사효소유도 정도를 조절하여 무독화에 기여할 수 있다는 것을 의미한다.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.59-65
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• 1997

Bentazon이 첫 분해대사물질인 6-hydroxy bentazon으로 변화하는데 관련하는 cytochrome P-450 활성을 증진시키는 방법을 모색하기 위하여 벼 microsome에서 hydroxylase 효소 유기물질을 처리하여 bentazon 6-hydroxylase(B6H)와 식물에서 흔히 볼 수 있는 cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase(CA4H) 효소를 대조하여 효소활성을 검정하였다. 1,8-naphthalic anhydride 0.5-2% 농도를 벼 종자에 분의처리하거나 fenclorim 5, 10${\mu}M$을 벼종자에 침지처리함에 따라 B6H와 CA4H 효소 활성이 증대되었다. Ethanol 2.5%를 벼 유묘에 처리함으로써 B6H와 CA4H 활성이 증대되었으며, phenobarbital 12mM 처리에서 B6H 활성이 증대되었고 phenobarbital 2mM 처리에서는 CA4H 활성이 증대되었다. B6H 효소활성은 ethanol 2.5, 5%와 phenobarbital 8, 12mM 혼합 처리 또는 1,8-naphthalic anhydride 0.5, 1%와 phenobarbital 8, 12mM 혼합처리에서 상승적으로 증가하였으며, CA4H 효소는 혼합처리에 의하여 활성이 저하되었다. 한편 벼 5 일묘에서는 B6H와 CA4H 활성 이 가장 높았으며 묘령이 진전될수록 효소활성은 현저히 감소되는 경향을 나타냈다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.17-25
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• 1989

Chronic adminstraction of morphine to adult male rats has long been known to lower hepatic cytochrome p-450 content and its dependent mixed-function oxidase activity. Following the treatment of adult male rats with morphine, pethidine pentazocine and codeine and also by concomitant adminstration of naloxone activities of microsomal electron transfer in the adult male rats were examined. In present study, the acute treatment of mature male rats with a dose of narcotic drugs higher than that used chronically also reduces their hepatic cytochrome p-450.

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2001년도 International Symposium on Dietary and Medicinal Antimutgens and Anticarcinogens
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• pp.188-188
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• 2001

Human cytochrome B5 (CYB5) was coexpressed with cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2), NADPH-CYP450 reductase (CYPR) and Ν-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The expression of four proteins was determined by Western blot analyses. The introduction of cDNAs to CHO cells were transduced via retroviral vectors. The cytotoxicity assay of 2-aminoanthracene (2-AA) and aflatoxin B$_1$were approximately 4-fold more sensitive than CYB5 free cells.(omitted)

• 미생물학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.243-249
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• 1991

The chromatophore from the chemotrophically grown facultative anaerobic photosynthetic bacterium, Rhodopseudomonas gelatinosa ATCC 17013 was isolated through stepwise sucrose gradient centrifugation. The isolated chromatophore showed high activities of the cytochrome $bc_{1}$ complex and cytochrome c oxidase. The activity of cytochrome $bc_{1}$ complex was completely inhibited by .5$\mu$M antimycin A,10$\mu$M myxothiazol, and that of cytochrome c oxidase was completely inhibited by .$50\mu$M KCM and $100\mu$M $NaN_{3}$but not inhibited by carbon monoxie. The activity of cytochrome c oxidase of th chromatophore was increased by addition of ionophores or protonophores. The reduced-oxidised difference sspectrum of cytochrome $bc_{1}$ complex isolated by affivity chromatography showed the absorption maxima at 553 nm(shoulder at 547 nm), 520 nm, and 418.5 nm, on the other hand, that of cytochrome c oxidase showed .alpha., .betha. and soret peaks at 554 nm, 523 nm, and 421 nm, respectively. The cytochrome c oxidase from chemotrophically grown Rhodopseudomonas gelatinosa seems to be a b-type cytochrome c oxidase.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.247-254
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• 2010

2000년 12월 경북 칠곡의 장미재배지에서 점박이응애를 채집하여 10년 동안 bifenazate로 도태시켜 855.9배의 저항성 계통을 얻었다. 이 계통의 성충에 대한 8종 살비제의 교차저항성 유무를 조사한 결과, acequinocyl에 614.0배의 높은 교차저항성을 나타내었고, chlorfenapyr는 9.1배의 낮은 교차저항성을 나타내었다. 한편 fenazaquin(0.3배)와 fenpyroximate(0.1배)는 역상관 교차저항성을 나타내었다. 청주, 강진, 충주에서 채집한 점박이응애의 bifienazate 저항성을 확인해 본 결과, 청주와 충주의 개체군은 각각 5.5배, 21.8배의 낮은 저항성을 보였고 강진 개체군은 964.5배의 높은 저항성을 나타내었다. 또한 esterases(EST), glutathione S-transferase(GST)과 cytochrome $P_{450}$-dependent monooxygenase($P_{450}$)의 효소활성을 조사한 결과, bifenazate 저항성 점박이응애의 $P_{450}$의 활성이 감수성계통에 비해 1.6배 높은 것으로 나타났다. 감수성계통과 저항성계통의 미토콘드리아 cytochrome b의 DNA염기서열과 아미노산을 비교한 결과, G126S의 점 돌연변이(point mutation)를 확인하였고 bifenazate 약제에 높은 저항성을 보이는 강진 개체군에서도 G126S의 점 돌연변이를 확인하였다.