• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.326-330
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• 1996

To illustrate whether a hemolysin in $\delta$-endotoxins of Bacillus thuringiensis strain 73E10-2 and subsp. israelensis had immunological identity, a cyt gene of the strain 73E10-2 which encodes a hemolysin was cloned to B. subtilis (transformant 2753). The transformant 2753 containing cyt gene produced the hemolysin which lysed sheep erythrocytes after treatment of proteinase K. The hemolysin was proved also to be toxic against mosquito larvae (Aedes aegypti). The molecular weight of the hemolysin produced from the transformant 2753 was determined to be about 25 kDa by SDS-PAGE and immunoblot. The hemolysin in $\delta$-endotoxin of subsp. israelensis and subsp. kyushensis did not react on immunoblot using polyclonal anti-$\delta$-endotoxin of the strain 73E10-2, but 70-140 kDa mosquitocidal toxins in $\delta$-endotoxin of subsp. kyushuensis reacted.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.147-157
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of Sasang constitutional herbal extracts, Cheongsimyeonjatang(CYT) on ECG(electrocardiogram). For this purpose, Ten hospitalized Taeumin patients were selected and changes of the ECG was investigated. The researcher also measured and observed ECG changes before and after CYT medication. The following is the summarized results of study. 1. The RV5+SV1 voltage was decreased in LVH patients. 2. The S-T voltage was decrease in the previous S-T elevated patients. 3. The heart rate was increased in the patients of lower heart rate than normal. 4. There was no remarkable change after medication on T-inversion and bundle branch block. From the above results, it is concluded that Cheongsimyeonjatang(CYT) have influenced on ECG.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.88-91
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• 2013

The Cyt1Aa protein of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis is known to synergize mosquitocidal proteins of B. thuringiensis and Bacillus sphaericus strains. Cyt1Aa is highly lipophilic, and after binding in vivo to the midgut microvillar membrane serves as a "receptor" for mosquitocidal Cry proteins, which subsequently form cation channels that kill mosquito larvae. Here we report that Cyt1Aa can serve a similar function for lepidopteran-specific Cry proteins of B. thuringiensis in certain mosquito larvae. Engineering Cyt1Aa into the HD-1 isolate of B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki enhanced toxicity against $4^{th}$ instars of Aedes aegypti, but not against $4^{th}$ instars of Culex quinquefasciatus.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.109-135
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• 2006

Objective : In the present study, the author tried to investigate whether six oriental medical prescriptions named gamisingitang (SGT), gamijungtang (IJT), gamicheongpyetang (CPT), galhwengchihyosan (CHS), chwiyeontong (CYT), sigyoungcheongpyetang (SCPT) significantly affect mucin release from cultured hamster tracheal surface epithelial (HTSE) cells. Methode : Confluent HTSE cells were inetabolically radiolabeled with $^{3}H-glucosamine$ for 24 hrs and chased for 30 min in the presence of drugs aforementioned, respectively, to assess the effect of each drug on $^{3}H-mucin$ release. Possible cytotoxicities of effective drugs were assessed by measuring lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) release. Additionally, total elution profiles of control spent media and treatment sample (CPT, CHS, SCPT and CYT) through Sepharose CL-4B column were analysed and effect of CPT, CHS and CYT on MUC5AC mRNA expression in cultured HTSE cells were invsetigated. Results : (1) SGT and IJT did not affect mucin release without cytotoxicity; (2) CPT, SCPT and CHS significantly stimulated mucin release from cultured HTSE cells, with significant cytotoxicity; (4) CPT, CHS, SCPT and CYT chiefly affected the 'mucin' release and did not affect significantly the release of the releasable glycoproteins with less molecular weight than mucin. This result suggests that the four herbal prescriptions specifically affect the release of mucin ; (5) CTP and CHS did not significantly affect the expression levels of MUC 5AC mRNA, however, CYT significantly inhibit the expression levels of MUC 5AC mRNA. Conclusion : CYT can decrease the synthesis of mucin at gene level in cultured HTSE cells.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.751-761
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• 2006

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia that is a potent independent risk factor for stroke. The incidence of AF increases with age and most affected people have underlying cardiac disease. An aging society increases the incidence of AF patients. The case was designed to evaluate the improving effect of Chengsim Yeunja-tang (CYT) for atrial fibrillation (AF) with Cb-infarction patients. This patient was treated with CYT and had significant improvement in symptoms and change of EKG. -Heart rate decreased in patients with higher than normal heart rate -RV5+SV1 voltage decreased (LVH improved) -Arrhythmia remained steady. -Palpitation. chest discomfort, dyspnea, headache, dizziness diminished. Results suggest that CYT is an effective treatment for Taeumin AF patients.

• 한국생물물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물물리학회 1999년도 학술발표회 진행표 및 논문초록
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• pp.45-45
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• 1999

Cytochrome c (cyt c) binds to acidic membranes at low ionic strength. Replacement of Lys-72 or Lys-87 by Glu reduced the binding affinity of cyt c toward large unilamellar vesicles (LUV) in liquid crystalline phase. The differences were smaller for LUV in gel phase. A fraction of bound cyt c was non-electrostatically associated.(omitted)

• Toxicological Research
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.97-110
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• 1987

The effects of 5 novel hepatotrophic agents, dithiol malonate derivatives (DMDs; DMD1-DMD5), on the liver microsomal lipid peroxidation induced by carbon tetrachloride $(CCl_4)$ and the correlations with the changes of microsomal electron transport system were investigated. All DMDs were found to inhibit the lipid peroxidation induced by $CCl_4$ in mice and rats as well in vitro liver microsomal system. Therefore, each DMD seemed to have direct mode of action on liver microsomes to inhibit the lipid peroxidation. As an ex vivo study, the induced lipid peroxidation by $CCl_4$ and the changes in electron transport system were determined with liver microsomes obtained from rats chronically treated with DMDs for 7 days. The induced lipid peroxide contents in liver microsomal system were lower in DMD1, DMD2 and DMD3 treated group, but higher in DMD4 and DMD5 group when compared to the control group. Cyt. p.450 contents in the microsomes were decreased by the treatment with DMD1, DMD2 and DMD3, but increased significantly by DMD4 with great extent and by DMD5 with less extent. The cyt. p-450 isozymes induced by treatment of DMD4 and DMD5 were identified as 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) type. The NADPH cyt. -C reductase activities of the microsomes treated with DMD1, DMD2, DMD4 and DMD5 were increased in the range of around 20% to 50%, but decreased with DMD3, All DMDs increased dyt. $-b_5$ content and did not alter NAdH-cyt, $-b_5$ reductase activities in the microsomes. In summary, the 5 novel hepatotrophic agents (DMDs) markedly protected against lipid peroxidation induced by $CCl_4$ in vivo and in vitro possibly through the mechanism of direct action on the liver microsomes. The degree of inhibition produced by DMDs on lipid peroxidation induced by $CCl_4$ seemed to coincide rather with cyt. p-450 contents than with other components of liver microsomal electron transport system including NADPH-cyt, -C reductase.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.12-19
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 극동지역 Oryzias latipes의 지리적 분포와 미토콘드리아 cytochrome b (cyt b)의 유전적 다양성과의 관계를 밝히기 위해 전국 9개의 지역에서 53개체를 채집하여 얻은 cyt b 염기서열과 GenBank에 등록되어있던 117개의 데이터를 종합하여 이를 142개의 haplotype으로 새로이 변환하였고, 이의 계통수를 작성 분석하였다. 분석 결과 극동지역 송사리는 3개의 haplogroup (A, B, C)으로 나뉘어지며, haplogroup A는 남한의 남한아지역을 중심으로 남한 전역에 분포하며, haplogroup B는 중국와 남한의 서한아지역에 걸쳐 분포하며, haplogroup C는 일본에만 분포하였다. Haplogroup A는 haplogroup B와 한반도내에서 지리적으로 가깝게 분포하고 있으나 계통적으로는 상당한 거리를 가지고 뚜렷하게 구별되었다. haplotype의 분지양상은 선행된 연구결과와 거의 일치하였다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.31-41
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• 2018

The dung beetle, Copris tripartitus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), is an endangered insect in South Korea. Previously, partial mitochondrial COI and CytB gene sequences have been used to infer genetic diversity and gene flow of this species in South Korea. In this study, we additionally collected C. tripartitus (n = 35) from one previous locality and two new localities, sequenced COI and CytB genes, and combined these with preexisting data for population genetic analysis. Sequence divergence of current samples showed slightly lower values [4.86% (32 bp) for COI and 4.16% (18 bp) for CytB] than that in the previous study. Nucleotide diversity (${\pi}$) ranged from 0.005336 (Gulupdo) to 0.020756 (Seogwi-dong) in COI and 0.009060 (Aewol-eup) to 0.017464 (Seogwi-dong) in CytB. Seogwi-dong samples that showed the highest ${\pi}$ in the previous study also showed the highest ${\pi}$ in this study for both gene sequences. The newly investigated Gulupdo samples had the lowest haplotype diversity for both gene sequences. They also had the lowest ${\pi}$ for COI and the second lowest ${\pi}$ for CytB. On the other hand, the newly added Haean-dong sample had relatively higher diversity estimates. Gene flow among populations was high, although significant difference was only detected between Gulupdo and Anmado or between Gulupdo and Seogwi-dong for COI sequences (P < 0.05). Considering the high genetic diversity and gene flow in C. tripartitus populations, one major issue regarding conservation seems not to be recovery of genetic diversity.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.176-180
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• 1995

나비목과 파리목 곤충에 독성을 보이는 B. thuringiensis NT0423을 수용체로 하여 형질전환된 B. thuringiensis PT0529에서 원래 수용체가 생성하는 내독소 단백질과 도입된 CryIVD 및 CytA 단백질들간의 발현 특성을 분석하기 위하여, B. thuringiensis PT0529에서 내독소 단백질들간의 발현을 성장 과정에 따라 투과 전자 현미경 관찰 및 단백질 전기영동으로 분석하였다. 그 결과, B. thuringiensis PT0529에서 내독소 단백질의 발현은 원래의 수용체 내독소 단백질보다 도입된 CryIVD와 CytA가 먼저 합성되었으며, 그 발현량에 있어서도 높게 나타났다. 또한, B. thuringiensis PT0529에서 세가지 내독소 단백질은 그들 자신의 고유 형태로 잘 발현되었으나, 수용체인 B. thuringiensis NT0423의 내독소 단백질은 그 크기에 있어서 다소 작게 관찰되었다. 따라서 형질전환체 내에서 도입된 내독소 단백질 유전자의 발현은 수용체의 내독소 단백질 유전자 발현에 영향을 받지 않는 반면 외부 유전자의 도입으로 인하여 수용체가 생성하는 내독소 단백질은 그 발현에 있어서 간섭을 받는 것으로 나타났다.