• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.293-300
• /
• 1998

The objective of this study was to determine effects of $\beta$-mercaptoethanol ($\beta$-ME) and cyst-eine (CYS) on the development of bovine em-bryos obtained from in vitro matured and fertil-ized oocytes. Cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COC-s) were matured in micro-drop of TCM-199 medium containing 10% FBS, 17$\beta$-Estradiol and FSH-p under paraffin oil at 39$^{\circ}C$ for 24 hrs. The fertilization of COC were induced in Fert-TALP medium supplemented with PHE, heparin, BSA and then the fertilized oocytes were cultured in CR1aa medium for 24 hrs. To investigate the effects of the agents on the development of the embryos, the embryos developed to the late 2-cell stage were cultured in the media with and without $\beta$-ME, CYS for 9 days. In experiment 1, to select appropriate concentration of $\beta$-ME and CYS during whole culture period (9 days), various concentrations of $\beta$-ME and CYS were add ded to the CR1aa medium. Addition of 25TEX>$\mu$M of $\beta$-ME and O.1mM of CYS to the culture medium 1 increase the incidence of embryos developed to the blastocyst. In experiment 2, we evaluated the effects of 25$\mu$M of $\beta$-ME and O.1mM of CYS addition on the blastocyst formation when emb bryos at different stages were exposed to 25$\mu$M $\beta$-ME and O.1mM of CYS. $\beta$-ME and CYS enhanced in vitro development of embryos to the blastocyst stage. The effect was greater in 8-ceII to morula embryos than in embryos fewer than 2-cells at the initiation of treatment. These results suggested that the addition of 25$\mu$M B-ME and O.1mM cysteine enhanced development to the blastocyst and hatching stage of in vitro derived bovine embryos, also addition of $\beta$-ME and cysteine were effective later stage embryo than early embryo development.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2009

Experimental induction of polycystic ovary (PCO) resembling some aspects of human PCO syndrome was produced using the long-acting compound estradiol valerate (EV). Our previous study on the role of Korean red ginseng total saponins (GTS) in a steroid-induced PCO rat model demonstrated that electro-acupuncture modulates nerve growth factor (NGF) concentration in the ovaries. In fact, the involvement of a neurogenic component in the pathology of PCO-related ovarian dysfunction is preceded by an increase in sympathetic outflow to the ovaries. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that therapeutic GTS administration modulates sympathetic nerve activity in rats with PCO. This was done by analyzing NGF protein and NGF mRNA expression involved in the pathophysiological process underlying steroid-induced PCO. EV injection resulted in significantly higher ovarian NGF mRNA expression in PCO rats compared to control rats, and PCO ovaries were counteracted by GTS administration with significantly lower expression of NGF mRNA compared to EV treated ovaries. However, NGF protein was unaffected in both EV and GTS treated ovaries compared to control rats. These results indicate that EV modulates the neurotrophic state of the ovaries, which may be a component of the pathological process by which EV induces cyst formation and anovulation in rodents.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.18-23
• /
• 2009

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between the real pathology & abnormal finding found by ultrasonography. Without an MRI test being done beforehand, an arthroscopy is done after an ultrasonography to show abnormal lesions during a knee abnormality. Materials and Methods: The subjects were 42 patients out of 49 cases, excluding those with rheumatoid arthritis, septic arthritis and patients suspected with a ligament tear, which were examined by ultrasonography alone before receiving a knee arthroscopy in our hospital from July 2007 to July 2008. In every case, a physical examination, simple X-ray and knee ultrasonography was done. An arthroscopy was performed when there was ultrasonographic abnormal finding. Before the procedure, a MRI test was not performed and when abnormal findings were found by an arthroscopy, an appropriate surgery was done. Results: During the ultrasonographic examination, there were various sized effusions in the suprapatellar pouch. Also, in addition there were eleven cases of medial meniscus abnormalities, sixteen cases of lateral meniscus abnormalities, and two cases of cystic lesions. Throughout the arthroscopic examination, there were 14 cases of medial meniscus abnormalities, 20 cases of lateral meniscus abnormalities, 15 cases of cartilage damages, 9 cases of medial pathologic plica, 2 cases of intra-articular loose bodies, 5 cases of chondromalacia, 2 cases of cyst, and 2 cases of synovitis. When an effusion abnormality was found by the ultrasonography in a suprapatellar pouch, there was a 100% probability of knee pathology. When a medial meniscus abnormality was found with an ultrasonography, there was a 90.9% probability of a real pathology. When a lateral meniscus abnormality was found there was 81.2% probability of a real pathology. Ultrasonography was 100% accurate when it came to cystic lesions. Conclusion: Knee ultrasonography performed before an arthroscopy seems to be a very useful examination method when suspecting intra-articular lesions.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.74-79
• /
• 2014

Purpose: Fibrous dysplasia is related to the mutation of gene encoding the alpha-subunit of a signal-transducing G-protein and has variable clinical course. Operation can be performed to prevent functional disorder or structural deformity. After curettage, autologous bone graft were used to fill the defects after curettage. The aim of this study is to compare the result of autogenous cancellous bone grafting and allogenic bone grafting for fibrous dysplasia. Materials and Methods: Among the patients who visit our hospital during the period of April, 1997 to October, 2013, we selected 34 patients who diagnosed fibrous dysplasia and visited our clinic over 1 year. There were 13 males and 21 females. Average age was 26.4 (range 2 to 57) years old. Autogenous bone graft (group I) in 5 cases, Non-autogenous bone graft (group II) in 30 cases. Iliac bone is used in all cases of autogenous bone graft. There were no significant difference in age, follow-up period, preoperational laboratory finding between two groups. Radiographic image was done to evaluate the recurrence of fibrous dysplasia or secondary degeneration. Results: There were four cases in recurrence (group I: 1 case, group II: 3 cases, p=0.554). In all recurrent cases, reoperations were done using curettage and autogenous iliac bone graft. There was no re-recurrence after reoperation. One case of secondary aneurysmal bone cyst was confirmed (group II) and 1 cases of pathologic fractures had developed (group I: 0 case, group II: 1 cases, p=0.559). No malignant change occurred. Conclusion: There were no significant difference between autogenous bone graft group and non-autogenous bone graft group. Our result suggested that autogenous bone graft seems to be good method to treat fibrous dysplasia, in the case of small volume of tumor lesion or non-weight bearing portion.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.237-243
• /
• 1994

This work was conducted to study sex differentiation in the black sea bream, Acanthopagrus schlegeli (Bleeker), using a histological method for the appearance of primordial germ cell, formation of primitive gonads, differentiation of female and male from newly hatched larva to the ovotestis stage of fish. The 3~4 primordial germ cells of $6.8{\sim}7.2\;{\mu}m$ in size, which were buried under fibrous mesenchymal tissue between gut duct and notochord of pre-larva with a total length (T.L.) of 2.4 mm at 3 days after hatching. The proto-gonial cells were located in the epithelium of the coelom attached with pigment cells of juvenile with 6.4 mm in T.L. at 21 days after hatching. In juvenile of 20.8 mm in T.L. at 59 days after hatching, the proto-gonial cells were migrated to the retro-peritoneum through the lineshaped primitive gonad composed of fibrous mesenchymal tissue. In juvenile of 7.8 em in T.L. at 186 days after hatching, the mitotic division of proto-gonial cell appeared in the lineshaped primitive gonad having many eosinophilic granule cells and abundant fibrous connective tissue. In juvenile of 9.5 em in T.L. at 254 days after hatching, the gonad was occupied by abundant fibrous connective tissue, bundles of spermatocyte and spermatid. In juvenile of 10.5 cm in T.L. at 13 months after hatching, the gonad was divided into cortical layer and medullary layer. The former was composed of bundles of a few spermatocytes and proto-gonial cells, the latter was filled with the fibrous mesenchymal tissue and a few proto-gonial cells. In juvenile of 14.7 em in T.L. at 16 months after hatching, the gonad was separated into ovarian part and testicular part by the fibrous connective tissue. The ovarian part is consisted of ovarian cavity and oocytes of perinucleolus stage. The testicular part was occupied by spermatogonia in the cyst.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.17 no.10
• /
• pp.1309-1314
• /
• 2007

Investigation on health conditions of Thai koi (Anabas testudineus) were carried out through clinical and histopathological observations from different farms of Mymensingh district for seven months during August 2006 to February 2007. Fish sampling and water quality parameters (temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH) were monitored on a monthly basis. Clinical examination of fishes was also carried out for any kind of abnormalities at monthly intervals. Samples of skin, muscle, gill, liver and kidney were observed by histological technique. Among the water quality parameters the values of water temperature, dissolved oxygen were found to be at unfavorable level for fish during the colder months in the farms. Clinically it was observed that fishes were more affected from December to January and almost normal in appearance during August to September and February. Different clinical symptoms like scale loss, dermal lesion, ulcer and loss of caudal fin were noticed in December and January. In histopathological study, structures of fish organs were normal from August to September. In the months of October and November, minor pathologies were found to be started. Marked pathological changes like necrosis, pyknosis, inflammation, hemorrhage, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, missing of primary and secondary gill lamellae were observed in the months of December and January. Whereas, in the month of February the pathological condition of fish gradually reduced. Again when considered individual fish farm, fishes of Reliance Aqua Farm were more affected than Sotota Matshya Hatchery. The study showed that severity of clinical and pathological changes were increased in December and January. During the period EUS and protozoan diseases were noticed in A. testudineus of the investigated farms.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.194-203
• /
• 1999

Purpose: Childhood pancreatitis has more various and somewhat different etiology than adult. Until now the analysis of severity in childhood pancreatitis were not well-known, although several studies have been made. Therefore, we studied the etiology and complications in childhood pancreatitis and analyzed whether Ranson and CT criteria could be applicated to evaluate the severity of childhood pancreatitis patients. Methods: The records of 30 patients with pancreatitis under 15 years of ages who were diagnosed in Asan medical center were reviewed. Age, sex, history, etiology, clinical features and treatment was reviewed in all patients but complications, Ranson and CT criteria were available in only 12 patients. Correlation between the number of complications and both Ranson and CT criteria were calculated with Spearman correlation coefficient. Results: 1. Median age at diagnosis was 7.3 years of age. 28 cases were acute pancreatitis and 2 cases were chronic pancreatitis. 2. Etiology: choledochal cyst(8 cases), drug (7 cases), trauma (4 cases), infection (3 cases), biliary stone or bile sludge (3 cases), idiopathic (2 cases) Hemolytic uremic syndrome, pancreatic duct obstruction, iatrogenic (1 case). 3. Local complications were ascites (5 cases), pseudocyts (4 cases) and systemic complications were hyperglycemia (4 cases), hypocalcemia (3 cases), pleural effusion (3 cases), etc. 4. Positive correlation was found between the number of complication and Ranson creteria (r=0.78, P=0.0016) and between the number of complication and CT criteria (r=0.65, P=0.015) in 13 cases. Conclusion: A trial to search the biliary duct anomaly may help to find the causes of childhood idiopathic pancreatitis, and both Ranson and CT criteria can be applicated to pediatric patients to evaluate the severity of childhood pancreatitis.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.27-32
• /
• 2006

Purpose : Conservative management of multicystic dysplastic kidney(MCDK) without nephrectomy has recently been advocated. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical course of conservatively managed MCDK and to find out possible predictive factors for involution of MCDK by ultrasonography(US). Methods : A retrospective analysis was made on 45 patients(26 boys and 20 girls) in whom MCDK was detected and had been traced by US between Dec. 1993 and Aug. 2005 at Severance Hospital. Results : Median follow-up time was 30 months(range 2-102 months). All patients under-went radionuclide scans and voiding eystourethrograms. The serial follow-up US showed complete involution in 11(24%), partial involution in 19(41%), and no interval change or increased in cyst size in 13(28%) patients. Nephrectomy was done in 3 patients(7%) due to relapsing urinary tract infection(UTI) and severe abdominal distension. The mean age of complete involution of MCDK was 37 months(range 12-84 months). Episodes of UTI were present in 17 patients(37%) and additional genitourinary(GU) abnormalities were found in 22 patients(44%). Hypertension and renal insufficiency was complicated in one patient. No child developed malignant tumor. Univariate analysis showed that five variables were associated with complete involution of the MCDK; gender, site, UTI episode, additional GU abnormalities, and renal length on initial US. After adjusting using the Pearson model, the presence of additional GU abnormalities was exclusively associated with complete involution among the 5 variables(P=0.034). Conclusion : In our review of 46 cases of MCDK, non-surgical approach for patients with MCDK was advisable and we could predict poor prognosis when MCDK is associated with other GU anomalies.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
• /
• v.42 no.2
• /
• pp.111-118
• /
• 2016

Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by comedo, papule, cyst, nodule and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. Meanwhile, it is also induced by adverse event of drugs. Among them, acneiform folliculitis is a side effect of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, which is an anticancer agent, and its incidence may occur in upward of 75 ~ 100% of cases. The main method of acne vulgaris treatment is oral antibiotics, retinoids, topical medication and so on. However, it is limitation that teratogenicity caused by retinoids and antibiotic resistance increased by using antibiotics. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of topical recombinant human (rh) EGF in treating facial acne vulgaris. Twenty three Koreans (age: 10 ~ 29 years) with mild to moderate acne vulgar participated in the study and applied topical rhEGF cream (trouble control EGF) with 3 products (trouble control clarifying cleansing foam, trouble control all-clear filling toner, redroll calming moisture) on their face twice daily for four weeks. Several assessment methods were applied: Acne lesion counts score by investigator's global assessment, efficacy and satisfaction score by subjects. Skin sebum output level, hydration level and redness level were also measured at each visit. At the final visit, skin sebum level, transepidermal water loss, skin redness statistically decreased and acne lesions (comedone, papule) were statistically reduced. No severe side effects were observed during the study. In conclusion, topical rhEGF seems to be an effective and safe adjuvant treatment option for mild acne vulgaris.