• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.26 no.2 s.52
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• pp.79-84
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• 2004

During the screening of antiviral substances having inhibitory effects on tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection to tobacco plants, we found a bacterial isolate KTGBP10, which was identified as a Stenotrophomonas sp., strongly inhibited the infection of TMV. When the culture filtrate from KTGBP10 was applied on the upper surface of leaves of Xanthi-nc tobacco plants at the same time or 24 hours before TMV inoculation, almost complete inhibition of TMV infection was achieved. And $40\%$ inhibition was shown with application of the culture filtrate to the under surface of leaves. In field trials, transmission of TMV from diseased seedlings to the healthy ones during transplanting work was reduced by $87.1\~92.6\%$ when the culture filtrate or cell suspension was sprayed onto the tobacco seedlings, cv. NC82, 24 hours before transplanting. No toxic effect was observed on the tobacco plants. When the broth filtrate of KTGBP10 was supplied by soaking through the cut-leaves before and/or after virus inoculation, the TMV infection was also inhibited by $50.4\~65.3\%$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.219-225
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• 2005

Characterizing nicotine delivery from tobacco products is important in the understanding of their addictive potential. Most previous studies report total nicotine and have not differentiated between nicotine in its protonated or free-base form. The amount of free nicotine calculated by determining pH and nicotine contents. The pH and nicotine contents in smokeless tobacco product, tobacco products and tobacco leaves were analyzed by Health Canada-Official Method T-310 and CORESTA Recommended Method $N^{\circ}62$. The content of free nicotine was calculated according to the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation and the value of $\alpha_{fb}$(the fraction of nicotine that is in the free base form) by using a pKa value of 8.02 for nicotine. The percentage of free nicotine then was calculated by dividing the free nicotine content by total nicotine content. The pH value and percentage of free nicotine ranged from 5.01 to 5.45 and $0.10\%\;to\;0.27\%$ in cut tobacco and 5.10 to 7.10 and $0.12\%\;to\;10.73\%$ in tobacco leaves, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.184-189
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• 2000

This study was conducted to develop the objective evaluation method for tobacco smoke. The evaluation was carried out by using the data of cut or blended tobacco components, smoke components, electric nose system (ENS), and sensory test. By using the statistical methods, such as cluster analysis, discriminant analysis, factor analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis, the relationship among the data of tobacco, smoke, ENS, and sensory evaluation was studied. By the results of cluster analysis, the data from smoke analysis by GC and ENS were able to select the difference of tobacco leaf characteristics. As the results of discriminant analysis, grouping by the components of tobacco leaves and smoke was possible and the results of GC analysis of smoke could be used for discrimination of tobacco leaves. In the results of factor analysis, nicotine, tar, CO, puff No and pH in the smoke were the factors effecting on the tobacco leaf characteristics. From the correlation analysis, aroma, taste, irritation, and smoke volume of sensory test had high relation to tar, p-cresol threonolatone, levoglucosane, and quinic acid- ${\gamma}$ -lactone of smoke. The ENS data showed high efficiency for discriminant analysis and cluster analysis, but it was not good for factor analysis, and correlation analysis. It was possible to estimate tobacco leaves and their blending characteristics by the analytical data of tobacco leaves, smoke, ENS, and sensory test results. By the multiple regression analysis, some correlation among selected chemical components and sensory evaluation were found. This study strongly indicated that the some chemical analysis data was available for the objective evaluation of tobacco sensory attributes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.29-32
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• 1997

This study was carried out to develop a new stalk curing of the horizontal hanging method that would reduce the harvesting and curing labor, and improve its quality of cured leaf than the conventional stalk curing method in burley tobacco. The horizontal hanging stalk-curing method designed from 1988 was compared with the conventional method. The horizontal method shortened the curing Period for 7 days and reduced to 0.3%, while it occurred 9.4% in the vertical method. In the horizontal method, the quality of cured leaf improved 9%, but the contents of chemical components and physical properties were similar to those of vertical method. The labor of stalk-cut and loading in curing facility reduced 28% by the horizontal method. In harvesting and curing process, the horizontal method resulted 12% of labor saving as compared with the vertical method. Key words : horizontal hanging stalk-curing method, vertical method, stalk-curing.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.231-237
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• 1998

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of curing methods on the concentration of ammonia during curing in burley tobacco leaves. The air-cured tobacco(KB108; Nicotiana tabacum L.) was grown at Chonju Tobacco Experiment Station in 1998 and the tenth leaves from the top on the stalk were harvested. Half of the harvested leaves were cured in normal air curing facility and the other leaves were cured in excessive curing facility. Stalk cut tobaccos were cured in horizontal curing facility. The leaves were sampled every five days from harvesting time to the end of curing(25 days). Ammonia concentration of leaves increased during curing period with a remarkable increase at yellowing stage. The concentration of ammonia was high in the primed cured leaves, while that of the excessive cured leaves was low. It is considered that the lower increase of ammonia in stalk cured leaves may be caused by the translocation from the leaves to the stalk during curing, while that of excessive cured leaves may be caused by the poor decomposition of protein and amino acid during curing by excessive moisture loss and high temperature condition.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.71-77
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• 1979

The weight of domestic cigarette brands were examined by the three affecting factors, the standard leaf blending and the filling value of each leaf, the length of tobacco rod, and the apparent quality conditions. The calculated cigarette weight we obtained was 760mg, whereas the operation standard weight was established as 790mg ~820mg for the 60mm tobacco rod. In the case of the 64mm rod this value was estimated to be 820mg compared with the operation standard weight of 870mg ~ 900mg. For the 56mm rod it was calculated as 720mg being compared to the standard value of 770mg~ 780mg. These results means that the operation standard weight of the domestic brands can cut down by 5-9 per cent in weight.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.79-85
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• 1983

The greenhouse bulk curing and drying system utilization of the direct solar energy was tested to evaluate that how much fuel could be saved for curing flue-cured tobacco at the Dae Gu Experiment Station (North latitude : $35^{\circ}$49'), in 1979-1982. The air temperature and total radiation were 19.0 to 38.5$^{\circ}C$ and 1311.0 to 1412.7 cal/$\textrm{cm}^2$/day during the 4 replicated curing test, respectively. The greenhouse bulk curing and drying system was able to cut fuel consumption by 32% compared with the conventional bulk curing barn. We could obtain almost same utilization efficiency of solar energy in 1982 compare with normal year, mainly increasing the heat receiving area.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.95-106
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• 2009

Semiquantitative analysis by ICP-MS has proven to be a powerful tool for fast screening, in addition, it does not require the element of interest to be present in the calibration standard, making it especially useful for the analysis of unknown samples. In this study, seven cigarette samples were analyzed by the rapid semi-quantitative analysis method based on the ICP-MS. For each cigarette sample, cut tobacco, cigarette paper, filter (before and after smoking), and smoke condensate were analyzed. The accuracy of the analysis technique was evaluated by comparing results obtained from Calibration Check Standard(CCS) and calibration method. Relative Percentage Error(RPE) value of all elements measured for three CCS showed a stable result of less than ${\pm}20%$. Compared to full quantitative analysis by calibration method, the results for cigarette samples showed average error within ${\pm}15%$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.127-137
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• 1979

Three factors affecting cigarette weight, tobacco shreds length(cut width 0.9mm), moisture content and filling grower were studied for domestic brands. The results were obtained as follows. 1. When the moisture contents war법 changed by one per cent consecutively. filling power of tobacco shreds and cigarette weight were changed by 3.9 - 7.9 per cent for the former and by 5.7 - 7.6 per cent for the later. The longer the length of tobacco, shreds, the wider are the changing radios, and vice versa. 2. At constant moisture content (12 %), filling Power and cigarette weight were varied by 3.8- 22.8 per cent and by 2.9-29.4 per cent respectively due to the fluctuation of tobacco shreds length, The range of this variation was increased by reducing moisture content , and was decreased by increasing the moisture content. 3. The higher the blending ratio of shreds longer than 2 mm, the lower are the cigarette weights. 4. The operation standard weight of domestic brands was found 1- 9 per cent higher compared with the observed optimal cigarette weight in this study.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.140-145
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• 2007

Acrylamide has been found in many foods. Acrylamide in foodstuffs were analyzed by a GC/MS after bromination of acrylamide or by a LC/MS for underivatized acylamide. Time consuming and laborious clean up procedures is applied for the purification of the extract, in these methods. In this study, a simple and fast method without clean up step for the analysis of acrylamide in mainstream cigarette smoke was developed by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) and the effects of tobacco leaf constituents on acrylamide content was observed. The analysis of acrylamide in mainstream cigarette smoke started to collect TPM (total particulate matter) from smoking and to extract by 0.1 % acetic acid solution and then to detect by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry using electrospray in the positive mode. The recovery of acrylamide in 2R4F reference cigarette was 98 % and the reproducibility was 2.5 % and the limit of detection was 1.6 ng/mL. Reducing sugars and amino acids are considered to be main precursors of acrylamide in foodstuffs. Cut tobacco contain substantial amounts of reducing sugars and amino acid which may be explained the occurrence of acrylamide in mainstream cigarette smoke. The effects of reducing sugars and total nitrogen studied in an experiment with a various tobacco types. This result indicated that reducing sugars are not limiting factor for acrylamide formation, but the level of acrylamide in cigarette smoke was significantly correlated with the total nitrogen contents.