• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.467-477
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to offer data base for establishment of dental training x-ray generator based safety usage through surveying real radiation safety management state of radiation worker's in plan of operations that have dental training x-ray generators and use it. For it, comprehensive references were surveyed referring reports of current state of regulation technique development and domestic radiation safety evaluation and nuclear related legislation regarding radiation safety management of dental training x-ray generators. On the basis of it, questionnaires were filled in about respondent's general characteristic radiation safety manager's status current state of radiation safety management and the level of knowledge & consciousness. For the study, the survey was conducted to 224 people of radiation safety managers and university graduates training assistants and full-time professors who can treat dental training x-ray generators in education center. through this survey 95 questionnaires were used as analysis materials except the insufficient and omitted responses. As a method of analysis, the frequency and percentage were figured out with the general characteristics and safety manager's status. Chi-square test for frequency and correlation per question analysis and Pearson correlation analysis for crosslevel correlation were done with current state of radiation safety management and knowledge & consciousness level. As a result, running dental training x-ray generators was dealt with by 20's to 40's who have high education level over post undergraduate degree and major in dental hygienic. In addition, female have higher consciousness level for radiation safety management than male. It shows significal linear relation statistically(${\chi}^2$ >5, 0.1${\chi}^2$ >5, 0.3${\chi}^2$ >5, 0.3

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.27-45
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• 2024

We conducted a survey in collaboration with the Chungcheongbuk-do Office of Education to assess the current status of collections in public libraries affiliated with the Office of Education. The objective of this survey was to identify the current challenges and determine when these libraries are expected to reach a state of collection saturation. Libraries under the jurisdiction of the Chungcheongbuk-do Office of Education are currently facing significant challenges due to severe collection saturation. This underscores the pressing need for the systematic expansion and operation of a collaborative preservation library for a swift response. In the future, it appears that the focus during the transfer process will primarily be on transferring collection-oriented materials. Given the difficulty in providing preservation facilities at individual library levels, materials with preservation value, such as rare books and specialized resources, will need to be transferred to the collaborative preservation library. Additionally, the development of policies and regulations related to material preservation seems necessary. Furthermore, when transferring materials to the collaborative preservation library in the future, it appears that criteria for material transfer will be needed, particularly concerning issues such as a decrease in usage rates for less frequently accessed materials. Subsequent research should consider conducting a survey on the collection saturation status of public libraries under local governments in order to assess the overall need for collection expansion in all public libraries within Chungcheongbuk-do.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.21
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• pp.9301-9305
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• 2014

Background: Pain is one of the most terrifying symptoms for cancer patients. Although most patients with cancer pain need opioids, complete relief of pain is hard to achieve. This study investigated the factors influencing persistent pain-free survival (PPFS) and opioid efficiency. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 100 patients with cancer pain, hospitalized at the medical oncology clinic of Akdeniz University. Patient records were collected including patient demographics, the disease, treatment characteristics, and details of opioid usage. Pain intensity was measured using a patient self-reported visual analogue scale (VAS). The area under the curve (AUC) reflecting the pain load was calculated from daily VAS tables. PPFS, the primary measure of opioid efficacy, was described as the duration for which a patient reported a greater than or equal to two-point decline in their VAS for pain. Predictors of opioid efficacy were analysed using a multivariate analysis. Results: In the multivariate analysis, PPFS was associated with the AUC for pain (Exp (B)=0.39 (0.23-0.67), P=0.001), the cumulative opioid dosage used during hospitalisation (Exp (B)=1.00(0.99-1.00), P=0.003) and changes in the opioid dosage (Exp (B)=1.01 (1.00-1.01), P=0.016). The change in VAS score over the standard dosage of opioids was strongly associated with current cancer treatment (chemotherapy vs. others) (${\beta}=-0.31$, T=-2.81, P=0.007) and the VAS for pain at the time of hospitalisation (${\beta}=-0.34$, T=-3.07, P= 0.003). Conclusions: The pain load, opioid dosage, concurrent usage of chemotherapy and initial pain intensity correlate with the benefit received from opioids in cancer patients.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.30-39
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• 2024

The current survey form of grassland has not played its role in managing the grassland effectively because of the ambiguous questionnaire items and the absence of method and time of the investigation. Therefore, this study was conducted to clarify and add the items for effective of grassland management. The survey form of grassland was regulated in Article 16 of the Enforcement Rules of the Grassland Act (Survey on Grasslands Management Status, etc.). The five contents that needed improvement were the grassland owner, the survey timing and method of established grassland, grassland used livestock, grassland usage condition, and grassland grade. In the improved survey form of grassland, the grassland owner was changed to the grassland manager. In addition, 'Survey by each land' was added to the improved survey form in which the managers can survey each land. The dimension of each grassland establishment method was deleted in the grassland establishment time and method. In the livestock using grassland, the number of livestock and the area where livestock are used were added, and the number of other livestock was added, too. The grassland grade was decided as the combined score by three evaluation categories; grassland usage, the ratio of forage production in grassland and kinds of forage. The high, middle, and low grades were over 8, 6~7, and under 5 points in the combined score, respectively. The results show that the changed survey form of grassland can make grassland management more efficient by materializing the subject of grassland management and the survey terminology and methods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.123-131
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• 2017

The aim of this paper was to provide basic data on revitalizing traditional markets in 389 undergraduate students who had purchased foods sold at a traditional market in order to understand the current state of usage of traditional market foods and to analyze degree of importance and satisfaction. From September 2015 to November 2015, questionnaires were filled out by respondents. Of the 389 questionnaires that were returned, 343 were used while 46 were discarded as incomplete. In the traditional market, high popularity was detected in foods such as 'Hotteok', 'stir-fried rice cake', 'Korean sausage', and so on in that order, which were mainly simple foods. There was a tendency that 'taste', 'hygiene', 'price', and 'quality' were considered as important, all of which scored more than 4 points for all residence types. In the difference analysis of the degree of satisfaction and importance in traditional market foods according to residence types, degree of importance was much higher than that of satisfaction for all selective attributes. In the results of ISA analysis for attributes of traditional market foods, those selling food in the second quadrant need to make more effort to improve 'hygiene' and 'quality' of food.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.839-846
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• 1994

Changing concepts in fishery science increasingly are recognizing depletion of traditional stocks, utilization of alternate(non-traditional) species, demand for high quality products, and a total resource utilization approach. Innovative practices are occurring in fisheries processing wherein solid and liquid discharges are no longer treated as 'waste,' but rather as valuable feedstocks for recovery of a variety of value-added ('value enhanced') by-products. Among these are protein hydrolysates, soluble proteins and amino acids, proteolytic enzymes, flavor and flavor extracts, pigments, and biopolymers such as chitosan. Properties and applications of this deacetylated derivative of chitin are noted. Crustacean processing by-products are discussed in terms of their serving as materials for generation of natural flavors and flavor extracts, and products such as fish sauces using contemporary enzymatic techniques. Various food and feed applications of fisheries processing by-products are illustrated with increased usage seen in formulated diets for an expanding aquaculture market. Examples are given of aquaculture becoming increasingly significant in global fisheries resource projections. Critical issues in the international seafood industry Include those of seafood quality, processing quality assurance (HACCP), and recognition of the nutritional and health-related properties of fisheries products. A variety of current seafood processing research is discussed, including that of alternate fish species for surimi manufacture and formulation of value-added seafood products from crawfish and blue crab processing operations. Increasing emphasis is being placed on international aspects of global fisheries and the role of aquaculture in such considerations. Coupled with the need for the aquatic food industry to develop innovative seafood products for the 21st century is that of total resource utilization. Contemporary approaches in seafood processing recognize the need to discard the traditional concept of processing 'waste' and adapt a more realistic, and economically sound, approach of usable by-products for food and feed application. For example, in a period of declining natural fishery resources it is no longer feasible to discard fish frames following fillet removal when a significant amount of residual valuable flesh is present that can be readily recovered and properly utilized in a variety of mince-based formulated seafood products.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.91-93
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• 2003

It has been estimated that the equivalent of approximately $US 50 billion has been spent on research on the behavior and fate of pesticides in the environment since Rachel Carson published “Silent Spring” in 1962. Much of the resulting knowledge has been summarized explicitly in computer algorithms in a variety of empirical, deterministic, and probabilistic simulation models. These models describe and predict the transport, degradation and resultant concentrations of pesticides in various compartments of the environment during and after application. In many cases the known errors of model predictions are large. For this reason they are typically designed to be “conservative”, i.e., err on the side of over-prediction of concentrations in order to err on the side of safety. These predictions are then compared with toxicity data, from tests of the pesticide on a series of standard representative biota, including terrestrial and aquatic indicator species and higher animals (e.g., wildlife and humans). The models' predictions are good enough in some cases to provide screening of those compounds which are very unlikely to do harm, and to indicate those compounds which must be investigated further. If further investigation is indicated a more detailed (and therefore more complicated) model may be employed to give a better estimate, or field experiments may be required. A model may be used to explore “what if” questions leading to possible alternative pesticide usage patterns which give lower potential environmental concentrations and allowable exposures. We are currently at a maturing stage in this research where the knowledge base of pesticide behavior in the environmental is growing more slowly than in the past. However, innovative uses are being made of the explosion in available computer technology to use models to take ever more advantage of the knowledge we have. In this presentation, current developments in the state of the art as practiced in North America and Europe will be presented. Specifically, we will look at the efforts of the ‘Focus’ consortium in the European Union, and the ‘EMWG’ consortium in North America. These groups have been innovative in developing a process and mechanisms for discussion amongst academic, agriculture, industry and regulatory scientists, for consensus adoption of research advances into risk management methodology.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2016

The identification of biomarkers for the early detection of acute kidney injury (AKI) is clinically important. Acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients is closely associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Conventional biomarkers, such as serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), are frequently used to diagnose AKI. However, these biomarkers increase only after significant structural damage has occurred. Recent efforts have focused on identification and validation of new noninvasive biomarkers for the early detection of AKI, prior to extensive structural damage. Furthermore, AKI biomarkers can provide valuable insight into the molecular mechanisms of this complex and heterogeneous disease. Our previous study suggested that pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), which is excreted in the urine, is a sensitive biomarker for nephrotoxicity. To appropriately and optimally utilize PKM2 as a biomarker for AKI requires its complete characterization. This review highlights the major studies that have addressed the diagnostic and prognostic predictive power of biomarkers for AKI and assesses the potential usage of PKM2 as an early biomarker for AKI. We summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the role of biomarkers and the molecular and cellular mechanisms of AKI. This review will elucidate the biological basis of specific biomarkers that will contribute to improving the early detection and diagnosis of AKI.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.17-27
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• 2018

Objectives: Ukgan-san does not appear in Traditional Korean Medicine classics. However, it has been used in research and clinical applications in Korea. In this paper, we are aiming to examine the records concerned with Ukgan-san to the present, and announce the present usage state in Korea. Methods: We searched and summarized the contents of previous medical books about Ukgan-san. In order to investigate the current status of utilization of Ukgan-san in Korea, a bibliographic database of Korea, a database of clinical researches, and a database of pharmaceuticals of the Korea Food and Drug Administration were searched. Results: As a result of searching Ukgan-san related documents, Ukgan-san has been developed in China (Ming dynasty). However, its clinical application has been expanded by modern Japanese kampo medicine doctors. In Korea, cases of Parkinson's disease, other movement disorders, and psychiatric disorders have been reported, and randomized controlled trials had been done and planned. In addition, some extracts which are consisted of Ukgan-san are also available. Conclusions: In Korea, Ukgan-san has been influenced by Japan and has been used for clinical and research purposes. The utilization rate in Korea is still small, but the utilization rate will increase according to the results of clinical studies.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.1-14
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• 2016

The usage of Building Information Modelling (BIM) in building projects has enabled improvement in project planning, implementation and collaboration process amongst various stakeholders within architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry. However, variations exist in the current practices of BIM implementation and coordination process in the industry. These variations result in inconsistent degree of BIM use across the construction industry. This inconsistency gives rise to several managerial and technological challenges such as data interoperability issues and purposeful integration and exchange of information within the BIM components. In order to tackle the issue, it is essential to analyse the different BIM approaches employed by the industry practitioners. BIM guidelines serve as a critical link between the BIM model, and its subsequent execution. They therefore provide the best reflection of BIM application and processes. This research paper aims to address the variations existing in BIM practices across the construction industry. It includes an extensive study of 21 existing, publicly available BIM-based guidelines in order to establish an understanding of the present state of practice and deduce issues and concerns related to them. All guidelines analysed in this paper are first categorised based on authorship and the release date for efficient comparison. The points of similarity and difference between them are thereby realized and outlined. In addition, the transition of project implementation process from traditional methods to BIM technology is also explained. The existence of inconsistencies in the BIM guidelines reviewed in this paper reflects the need of a BIM 'Code Compliance Check'. The Code Compliance Check will serve as a regulatory project guideline that will further improve the potential of BIM by incorporating a consistent BIM modelling methodology for the entire construction industry.