• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.43-55
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was a descriptive study to assess the relationships between acculturative stress and current perception of stress in Korean immigrants. Methods: The subjects consisted of 154 community-dwelling Korean immigrant living in the USA. Data collection was conducted through the use of questionnaires. The instruments for this study were Acculturative stress (12 items), The Global Assessment of Recent Scale(8 items). The collected data were analysed using SPSS PC 12.0 Programme for Frequency, Percentage, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan test and Pearson's correlation coefficient according to the purpose of this study. Results: 1) The average item score for acculturative stress was 17.17. The average item score for current perception of stress was 26.56. 2) Acculturative stress was positively related to current perception of stress (r=.360, p<.01). 3) Acculturative stress was significantly different according to educational level (F=2.709, p=.047), occupation (F=16.202, p=.000), perceived income comfort level (F=26.666, p=.000), and type of residence (F=2.672, p=.050). The Current perception of stress was significantly different according to age (F=7.380, p=.000), marital status (F=5.354, p=.006), perceived income comfort level (F=12.738, p=.000), and type of residence(F=4.207, p=.007). Conclusion: Theses findings help to clarify relationships between acculturative stress and current perception of stress in Korean immigrants. Therefore, the result of study provide clues for the quality of life of Korean immigrants.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.200-205
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• 2006

Subway widely used as a major mean of public transportation both at home and abroad contributes to ease chronic traffic congestion in cities. However, subway operating expense is expected to increase continuously because subway requires vast amount of money at the construction stage, huge sum of maintenance cost is spent during operation, and passenger needs for more convenient facilities is increasing. on the contrary to enormous operating expenses, fare that is occupying most of operating income doesn't come up to its prime cost causing chronic operating deficit. It is urgent to prepare fare system improvement measures to increase operating income in order to resolve financial difficulty of a subway operating organization. Therefore, the current study analyzed present condition and problems of subway fare system, and suggested improvement measures such as improvement of fare adjustment procedure, improvement of free-ride system, diversification of ticket, etc.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.140-149
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• 2006

Purpose: The current descriptive study examined the health and healthcare status of preschoolers in poverty group compared to those of comparison group. Method: Data were collected from 51 mothers in federal poverty group and 49 in low-income group and 200 mothers in normal income comparison group in one city. The instruments used for this study were Korean CBCL and health related questionnaire. Results: Public assistance group showed more low-birth-weight infants, developmental delay, and hospital admission experiences. Their compliance for vaccination and congenital metabolic disorder test were lower than those of comparison group. Preschoolers' behavior problems were not significantly different depending upon the income of the group. Conclusion: Preschoolers' health and healthcare status are affected by the socioeconomic characteristics of the family. It indicated an need for anticipatory guidance and early intervention that might help to prevent or ameliorate potential health problems in poverty.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 1999년도 추계 학술대회지
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• pp.102-144
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• 1999

The major problems of food crop cultivation in Korea are low yield of most crops except rice. inefficient cultivation techniques for aged farmers. and low international competibility. Therefore, development of cultivation techniques of food crops should aim the yield. quality improvement, labor reduction and production cost. The primary issue for increasing the yield of soybean, barely and wheat is to reduce the yield gap between the farmer's yield and recommended ones of experiment station. More advanced cultivation techniques needs to be developed. and/or the conventional breeding methods to be reconsidered. The newly developed labor-saving mechanized technique needs to reduce labor hours , and the cost of agricultural implements and machineries. In other words the labor-saving mechanized technique should be developed based on the improvement of total farming system as well as systemic fundamental innovation of cultural methods. The efficiency of solar energy use in food production of Korea in 1997 is as low as $0.52{\%}$ so there is much room to increase yield. It is recommendable that the concept of food Production should be changed to energy Producing efficiency Per unit area basis from volume and weight of food materials. Moreover, introduction of resonable cropping system is needed to increase yield of main crops, farmer's income, solar energy use efficiency, and decrease of land service expenditure. Current cropping system emphasized on economic crops. especially in vegetables , is not desirable for resonable use of arable land. stability of agricultural management and staple food crop self-sufficiency ratio. It is desirable to increase food crops . that are energy of carbohydrate and protein rich and land dependent crops. in cropping system. And the agronomist should develop the cultural methods to replace food crops for food self-sufficiency and stable farming management instead of economic crops in current cropping system. Low-input and environmentally-sound crop cultivation techniques, especially nitrogen-reducing culture technique which is directly related to food crop quality, also needs to be developed urgently. The extended cultivation of corn in upland and barely and wheat in lowland as a feed stuffs is recommended to prevent further decrease of food self-sufficiency ratio, which is mainly caused by the high reliance on imported feed grain. It is also considered that the calculation and presentation methods of standard agricultural income needs to be improved. The current calculation method uses unit land area of 10a regardless of crop kinds , characteristics of agricultural management and cultivation scale. So, it is apt to lead misunderstanding of farm income value. Therefore. it should show an income of average farmers for certain number of years. Research and developing system for food producing is not desirable because they are conducted currently individual crop and mono-culture basis. But actual agricultural income is usually earned by cropping system including upland and lowland. For example. the barley and wheat is usually cultivated in double cropping system. The cooperation among research institutes such as university agribusiness. government and farmers is indispensible. The public information and education on importance and consumption habit of food crops is necessary in Korean society to increase food self-sufficiency through nationwide cooperation.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.95-106
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• 2020

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dental hygienists' job satisfaction on turnover intention and intention to stay. Methods: A survey was conducted targeting 273 dental hygienists in dental clinics. The study data were u analyzed using PASW Statistics 20.0 Results: The level of job satisfaction of dental hygienists was 3.30±0.50, and the highest ranked item in the survey was 'I am satisfied with my relationships with patients' 3.72±0.73. Job satisfaction according to general characteristics showed significant differences in age, marriage, education, career, current work experience, position, and schedule for future turnover. The turnover intention according to general characteristics showed significant difference in age and schedule for future turnover. The intention to stay according to general characteristics showed significant differences in age, marriage, education, career, current work experience, number of dentists, number of dental hygienists, and schedule for future turnover. The factors affecting turnover intention were schedule for future turnover, income, co-worker relation and professional time, while those affecting intention to stay were overall professional satisfaction, co-worker relation, schedule for future turnover, professional time, income, number of dental hygienists, patient relations and current work experience. Conclusions: Job satisfaction factors that had a common effect on turnover intention and intention to stay were schedule for future turnover, income, co-worker relation and professional time. To reduce turnover and encourage longevity, adequate pay and positive interpersonal relationships are necessary.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to provide baseline data for management policies by exploring the association between alcohol and mental health in menopause and andropause middle-aged Methods: This study used the data from from the 8th National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019-2021). Adults between the ages of 40 and 64 were considered menopause and andropause middle-aged and 7,704 of the total number of 8,549 subjects were selected as the final study subjects without missing data. Mental health was defined as depression diagnosis and suicidal thoughts, and drinking was defined as current drinking and high-risk drinking. SAS 9.4 was used for all statistical analyses. Results: There were significant differences between menopause middle-aged men and women in current drinking (83.4% for men and 66.6% for women) and in high-risk drinking (24.2% for men and 4.9% for women). The significant factors affecting the depression diagnosis were identified as economic activity, income level, and subjective health status for men and economic activity, income level, subjective health status, and smoking for women (p < .05). The significant factors affecting suicidal ideation included economic activity, income level, and subjective health status for men and economic activity, high-risk drinking, current smoking, and subjective health status for women (p < .05). Conclusion: As a result of analyzing the association between alcohol and mental health in menopause and andropause middle-aged adults, Drinking alcohol and high-risk drinking in women were associated with mental health, but insignificantly in men. Based on this study, it is necessary to program development and health education for the physical and mental health of menopausal middle-aged women exposed to alcohol, and to develop menopausal mental health management policies that take into account the gender differences.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.367-380
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• 2020

최근 우리나라 경제는 내수침체와 기업투자의 저조 그리고 청년고용의 절벽 등으로 어려운 경제현실에 직면하고 있다. 이를 타개하고 경제를 선순환구조로 전환하기 위하여 정부에서는 여러 경제정책을 도입하여 시행하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 2014년 세법개정안에 포함되어 있는 기업소득 환류세제, 배당소득 증대세제 그리고 임금소득 증대세제의 '가계소득 증대세제 3대 패키지' 중에서 기업소득 환류세제의 도입효과를 검증해 보고자 하였다. 기업투자, 임금 및 배당금 지급의 증대로 인하여 기업소득이 가계소득으로 선순환되고 있는지에 대해 기업의 재무자료 등을 이용하여 그 유효성을 실증분석하였다. 첫째, 미환류소득에 대한 법인세가 기업의 투자수준에 영향을 미치는지에 대한 유효성을 검증해본 결과는 5%의 유의수준에서 유의적인 부(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 기업소득 환류세제가 기업의 배당수준을 증가시키는 경영의사결정에 영향을 미치고 있는지에 대해 분석한 결과는 비유의적인 정(+)의 관계가 확인되었다. 셋째, 미환류소득에 대한 법인세가 근로자의 임금증대에는 유의적인 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 확인되었다. 이와 같은 현실을 반영하여 배당에 대해서는 가중치의 축소, 임금증가에 대해서는 가중치의 증대 등으로 세법개정을 하였으나 정책의 도입효과는 크지 않은 것으로 보인다. 이러한 결과는 경제 및 경영환경의 불확실성이 증대되면서 투자에 대한 경계심과 아울러 임금인상에 대한 의사결정이 향후에도 지속되기 때문에 임금인상을 지양하는 것이 주된 원인으로 추정된다.

• 한국사회정책
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.71-96
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• 2018

세계화의 확대와 탈산업화, 그리고 기술의 혁명적 발전은 현존하는 사회보장제도에 대한 우려로 이어지고 있으며, 기본소득은 미래 사회보장의 대안으로서 크게 주목받고 있다. 그러나, 기본소득제도의 도입 여부에 대해서는 찬성과 반대의 논리가 서로 팽팽히 맞서고 있기에 어느 한쪽의 주장을 쉬이 받아들이기 어려운 것이 사실이다. 이러한 상황에서 몇몇 정부에서는 정책실험을 통해 기본소득이 가져올 정치 경제적 영향력을 경험적으로 측정하고, 이를 바탕으로 향후 기본소득제도의 도입여부를 결정하려 한다. 본 연구는 이 중 가장 주목을 받고 있는 두 나라, 핀란드와 네덜란드의 기본소득 실험을 방법론적 관점에서 살펴보고자 한다. 이들 두 나라에서의 실험결과는 한국을 비롯한 전 세계 복지국가에서 기본소득 찬반론에 커다란 영향을 미칠 것이 자명하다. 그러나, 양국의 실험결과를 그대로 받아들이는 것은 위험하며, 실험의 방법론적 의미와 한계를 정확하게 파악하는 것이 앞으로의 기본소득 도입 논의에 반드시 필요하다. 그 이유는 양국에서의 실험이 정부의 개입 등으로 기본소득의 일부 특성만을 반영하거나, 실험 설계의 취지가 상당 부분 퇴색되었기 때문이다. 따라서, 찬반 진영의 어느 한쪽에서 실험 결과를 그대로 자신들의 주장 강화에 이용하는 것은 바람직하지 않다. 이보다는 이들 실험의 한계를 이해하고 제한적인 교훈만을 얻는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구는 핀란드와 네덜란드의 실험을 면밀히 고찰하여 그 방법론적 의미와 한계를 밝히고 더 나아가 만약 한국에서 기본소득 실험이 설계된다면 이들 국가들에서의 경험이 제공하는 시사점을 도출한다.

• 지역연구
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.39-55
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• 1990

The principal measure of housing demand is income and the preferences expressed by households through their respective indifference curves. In this context, housing essentially becomes a derived demand, i.e., the household consumes land and a location (or distance-in time and money costs), according to its relative preferences for space, accessibility, and all other nonhousing goods. This paper attempts to deal with both aspects of housing (apartment) demand and household mobility in the Seoul Metropolitan Areas. Housing services will be measured using hedonic regression technique. From observations on the market prices of dwelling units and on the underlying characteristics of housing, one can estimte the relationships between the two empirically. In predicting the probability of the future moves into new towns in the Seoul Metropolitan areas, the best predictors of the future moves into new best predictors are found to be the degree of satisfaction not only with the current residence as a whole, but with some of the major amenities, accessibility and child education. The reasons for moving into new towns are diverse depending on the households' current situation; the most frequently cited is "improvement of housing conditions," followed by "improvement of living environment," "asset improvement" and "home ownership". It appears that people move houses because of a dissatisfaction with their current housing status, relative their income or needs, or a desire to improve their housing and neighborhood amenities, or both. On the other hand, it is clear that the development of new towns in the Seoul Metropolitan Areas should be based on the analysis of housing demand and the pattern of household mobility in Seoul housing market.sehold mobility in Seoul housing market.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.80-83
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• 2017

The proportion of people who reported unmet healthcare needs is an important indicator to measure the access problem in healthcare service. To examine current status and trends of unmet needs in Korea, we used data from four sources: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHNES, '2007-2015); the Community Health Survey (CHS '2008-2015); the Korea Health Panel Survey (KHP '2011-2013); the Korean Welfare Panel Study (KOWEPS '2006-2015). The proportion of individual reporting unmet healthcare needs as of 2015 was 12.6% (KNHNES), 11.7% (CHS), and 16.3% (KHP, as of 2013). Annual percent change which characterizes trend for follow-up period was -9.4%, -3.4%, and 7.6%, respectively. The proportion of individual reporting unmet healthcare needs due to cost was 2.8% (KNHNES), 1.7% (CHS), and 4.6% (KHP). The proportion of household reporting unmet healthcare needs due to cost was 1.2% (KOWEPS). Annual percent change was -9.0%, -14.9%, 9.4%, and -18.2%, respectively. Low income population reported about 5 times more unmet needs than high income population. Therefore for decreasing the unmet healthcare needs, strategies focusing on low income population were needed.