• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.86-99
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• 2018

This study examined the relationship between the demographic profiles of 260 staff nurses in the SPC Health Care Ministry Hospitals and their Transcultural Self-Efficacy (TSE) level on the Cognitive, Practical and Affective dimensions. To obtain the result, among the nine (9) demographic profile items, three (3) common positive predictors were considered, namely, 1) Educational attainment level; 2) Age; and 3) Willingness to work abroad in all three dimensions. While in the Practical and Affective dimensions, the number of years employed were a common negative predictor and in the Affective dimension, Gender of participants was added as the positive predictor. Therefore, there are some significant demographic characteristics of respondents influence to the transcultural self-efficacy. Further, based on the results of this diagnostic study, the researcher designed the One (1) year Cultural Competence Training Program for staff nurses. For future research, the researcher recommended to conduct a further study that will evaluate the effectiveness of the educational intervention by approaching a longitudinal study form administering the test and retest of TSET.

• 한국노년학
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.701-716
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• 2009

The aim of this study was to investigate the burden and caregiving satisfaction of primary family caregivers of older adults with dementia, and to identify cultural predictors and non-cultural predictors of burden and caregiving satisfaction. This study included 112 primary family caregivers of community-dwelling older adults with dementia who utilized 13 dementia day care centers in Seoul or Gyeonggi-do. Data were collected by survey questionnaires. The majority of the primary caregivers were female (81%) and daughters-in-law (46%). The mean burden score was 49.4 and the mean caregiving safisfaction score was 42.3. Regression analyses revealed that the significant predictors of primary caregivers' burden were the non-cultural factors of caregiver's perceived health (β= .421, p= .049) and care recipient's memory and behavioral problems (β= .183, p= .041). The cultural factor of familism (β= .466, p= .005) was the only significant predictor of caregiving satisfaction. There is more need to develop programs which improve caregiver's burden and caregiving satisfaction. Strategies to increase caregiver's utilization of the programs also need to be developed.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.113-120
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• 2019

This study was conducted to identify the level of cultural empathy, self-esteem, and cultural competence and factors affecting cultural competence of nursing students. Participants were 157 nursing students who were 2nd, 3rd, and 4th grade in one university located at the Chungbuk provinces. Data collected using questionnaires which consisted of general characteristics, cultural empathy, self-esteem, and cultural competence. The mean score for cultural empathy was $3.63{\pm}.34$(scores ranged from 1 to 5), The mean score for self-esteem was $2.91{\pm}.42$(scores ranged from 1 to 4). The mean score for cultural competence was $3.31{\pm}.43$(scores ranged from 1 to 5). There were significant differences between cultural competence and age(t=-2.242, p=.027), grade(F=3.473, p=.033), and fluency of foreign language(F=5.053, p=.007). There were significant correlation between cultural competence and cultural empathy(r=.49, p<.001), and self-esteem(r=.33, p<.001)), and self-esteem and cultural empathy(r=.33, p<.001). Cultural empathy and self-esteem explained 29.4% of cultural competence and major predictor variable for cultural competence was cultural empathy. In this paper, we propose various multicultural education programs in curriculum and extra curriculum that can enhance cultural empathy and self-esteem to improve cultural competence of nursing students. Especially, continuous education of cultural knowledge among cultural competence will be done.

• Child Studies in Asia-Pacific Contexts
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.49-68
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• 2013

The purpose of the present study was to examine how dimensions of socialization practice and relationship quality may function to manage or increase parent-adolescent conflict. Of particular concern was to examine the comparative efficacy of potential predictors of parent-adolescent conflict across three cultural groups consisting of samples from Mainland China, Russia, and the U.S. as well as across gender-of-parent/gender-of-adolescent dyads from each culture. Findings from a sample of 1,365 adolescents indicated that adolescents' perceptions of parental influences on parent-adolescent conflict differ across cultural groups and gender-of-adolescent. The use of punitive behavior by parents was the strongest and most consistent predictor of parent-adolescent conflict across all cultural groups and gender dyads, suggesting that a general pattern exists for punitiveness to increase parent-adolescent conflict cross-culturally. Perceptions of support, monitoring, conformity to parents, and autonomy from parents influenced parent-adolescent conflict within some of the cultures and selectively for adolescent boys and girls.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.87-98
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• 2009

This study examines the socio-cultural readjustment of the Korean students returning from overseas study at an early age. For this study 259 returnee students from elementary through high school completed a questionnaire which covered aspects such as school adjustment and re-acculturative stress in relationship to gender, grade, number of parents accompanying the students overseas, length of overseas stay, age of return, length of stay in Korea, and the acculturative stress experienced in a host culture. The findings indicate that re-acculturative stress level of returnee students is higher than the level of the acculturative stress, and that the two are positively related. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses reveal the grade and acculturative stress of returnee students as a significant predictor of school adjustment. The length of overseas stay and acculturative stress significantly predicted the re-acculturative stress level. The acculturative stress significantly affected both school adjustment and re-acculturative stress of returnee students back in Korea.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.77-102
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• 2002

Factors affecting foreign language learning task are diverse in nature due to the different social and cultural backgrounds so that learners have to somehow use strategies and expressions to adjust diverse factors to their learning environments. The main purpose of this paper is to show how important NNS vs. NNs interaction through CCDL can be in their enhancement of English proficiency by giving examples from their chatting conversation(written conversation) data collected for over two semesters. Chatting as a means of synchronous communication interaction between students from two different cultural backgrounds can act as a predictor of foreign language achievement. Chatting and Telemeet activities have their own advantages in enhancing communicative competence when learning English. By engaging in these synchronous communication activities learners of English from different cultural backgrounds can acquire unique strategies and expressions from which they learn from each other. In short, this study advocates the importance of strategies and patterns foreign language learners can acquire from interaction among culturally different peer groups.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.67-76
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• 2018

Purpose - With the worldwide aging problem and the development of globalization, customers prefer to seek affordable medical services with the higher quality overseas. This new trend has urged some destination countries to improve their services for the more competitive advantages over other countries. Literature research indicate that medical quality and cost may be the key factors influencing global patients' decisions. In the international environment, however, medical tourism destinations are selected due to cultural similarity between the hosting country and the customers' own country. The more similarity perceived between the two countries leads foreign patients to choose the considering country as the destination for medical tourism. However, little research has been conducted on this topic. Thus, we empirically investigate how cultural similarity influences Chinese medical customers' choice of the destinations. We also consider the factors related to medical competency and travel attribute which might affect customers' decisions along with some moderating roles of disease types. Research design, data, and methodology - We proposed a research model in order to confirm the relations among different variables of cultural similarity, medical competency, travel attractiveness, disease types, and destination choice. The questionnaire survey is processed in the more economically developed regions of China such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Jiangsu. Conditional logit regression is applied to analyze the data of 881. Results - Results indicate that cultural similarity is the important predictor of Chinese customers' decision to select a medical country. However, the effects of cultural similarity vary according to the disease types. We also find that medical competency and travel attractiveness influence their decisions with the moderating role of disease types. Conclusions - Cultural similarity is the important factor that influences Chinese potential medical tourists' decisions to select a destination. Marketing managers should consider the effects of cultural similarity when developing strategies for attracting Chinese medical tourists. Since medical competency and travel attractiveness are still the critical key elements for them to evaluate the destination countries, it is necessary to continuously improve medical service quality and facilities. The results also recommend that medical managers should sharpen their marketing strategies by segmenting Chinese potential customers in terms of disease types.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.55-65
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• 2009

This study examined how the construction of an environment of culture has affected economic revitalization within the four regions of Seoul. World Cup Stadium, Bookchon, Daehackro, and Seoul Forest were selected for study in consideration of the types and characteristics of cultural environments. The data were collected by questionnaire surveys, which were administered to local residents. The results found an increase in the value of real estate in Seoul Forest while the construction of a culture-based environment had a positive effect on shop sales, the provision of employment opportunities, and the generation of tourist-based income in Daehackro. Using regression analysis, the relative influence of a cultural environment on the value of real estate was greatest on the improvement of local image and the enhancement of cultural enjoyment. The results found that the enhancement of cultural enjoyment was the most prominent predictor of the provision of employment opportunities and an increase in the number of tourists.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.73-99
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• 2011

As multicultural family gradually increased, our society is changing towards multicultural society. This study tried to identify the factors related with social distance of adolescent of multicultural family. The participants were 568 middle school students living in S city, D and H county in Chungnam province. Data for the study were analyzed by frequency, mean comparison, correlation and regression analysis. The study results were summarized as follows. First, there were significant differences in social distance according to gender, school record, and place of residence. Second, there were significant differences in social distance according to degree of intimacy between general adolescents. Third, as a result of correlation analysis, the lower self-esteem was, the lower value orientation was, the lower cultural diversity was; the higher social distance is. Accordingly, social distance for adolescents had negative correlations with self-esteem, value orientation, and cultural diversity. Fourth, variables affecting social distance were gender, school record, family composition, place of residence, friend from multicultural family, intention to be a friend, experience of overseas travel, self-esteem, value orientation, cultural diversity. Among them, intention to be a friend was a main predictor.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 2019

Objectives: Eating self-efficacy is an important predictor of successful weight control behaviors during obesity treatment. The Weight Efficacy Life-Style Questionnaire (WEL) is an internationally used measure of eating self-efficacy. The objective of this study was to develop the Korean version of WEL (K-WEL) and verify face validity. Methods: According to previously published guidelines, the cross-cultural translation was conducted through organizing the expert committee, translation, back-translation, synthesis, grammar review, and final synthesis. Following the translation of the WEL into Korean, face validity was performed for 35 subjects. Results: After all the versions of the questionnaire were examined, the translated WEL questionnaires were finally synthesized and licensed by the developer in writing. Regarding the translated WEL questionnaires, seven out of 35 subjects (20%) offered ideas about ambiguous expressions in them. All four points indicated in the face validity verification were additionally modified for greater clarity and understanding. Conclusions: We developed the Korean version of WEL and completed face validity. In future research, it would be necessary to provide further study on the reliability and validity of the Korean version of WEL.