• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.69-86
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• 2010

The present study examined the cultural sensitivity of community members to migrant wives in Korea. A total of 12 community members: 4 neighbors, 4 practitioners, and 4 public officials from both urban and rural area were interviewed about their prior experiences with migrant wives. The participants provided their personal feelings and thoughts on a variety of issues involving migrant wives, such as cultural integration, cultural knowledge, opportunity equality, cultural originality, language usage, openness, and the movement toward a more multicultural society. Interview results indicated that the participants had perceived others' prejudice toward migrant wives in Korean society; the results also indicated that they wanted to participate in cultural festivals and gain knowledge of other cultures. The majority of the participants endorsed a uni-directional perspective on cultural adaption, and they thought of migrant wives as community members. The participants' attitudes toward a multicultural society were both positive and negative, and they suggested that Korean society is moving toward a broader perspective. Implications of the study and directions for future research were discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.23
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• pp.79-97
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• 1994

The purpose of this study is to survey of Korean costume cultural assets in overseas museum collections. Cultural Assets represent the cultural heritage. Also costume is one of cultural assets. In 1980's the Korean government and scholars surveyed Korean cultural assets. One of their finding was that Korean objects exists some countries. Unesco delared that cultural assets illegally taken a way to foreign countries should be returned to their nations. However, few objects had been returned to korea. Today museum professional designing their exhibited and collections try to both enlighten experts and instruct and please amateur enthusiasts. Exhibitions are one of the most effective means of stimulating interest in cultural objects and ideas : they reflect prevailing cultural , intellectural and political trends. The 1893 Chicageo Exposition was the first international exhibition in which Korea has ever taken part. Overseas museum held many Asian exhibitions however Korean exhibitions have been held much less frequently than those of most other Asian countries. (China, and Japan). Some of Korean art Collection have historical and artistic valuable , most overseas museum' collection are of low value and non-informative . Several museums in United States that have Korean costume : some of these museums have highly valuable historical and contextural objects. It is my hope that the information in this paper will be of use for those interested in learning more about Korean culture.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.20
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• pp.139-154
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• 1999

We tested to obtain the excellent Epoxy resins on the property of matter. Existing Epoxy resins is tested to regulate the viscosity, color and hardening time etc. Benzen-ring structure of Bisphenol A type (AY 103) is replaced by Hydrogenated B.P.A type. And hardener is replaced by Polyoxyalkylene Amine. So we are developed into the two resins(L-30, L-40).To know if this Epoxy resins was fitted to repairing and restoration of stone cultural properties. Three kinds of Epoxy resins (AY 103, L-30, L-40) are tested on the artificial weathering test, freezing-melting test, exposure test etc. As a result of test, L-30 is less the discoloration than that of other Epoxy resins and was superior to the excellent property of matter.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.377-381
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• 2008

Chinease-Korean Cultural Map, which is an electronic cultural map that shows Chinese-Korean culture on maps, is planned as the first step to development Asian Electronic Cultural Map. Chinese-Korean have their unique cultural characteristics same as other small tribes. Small tribes shows same typical cultural characteristics of Asian, and that characteristics are very important factors for understanding the whole Asian culture. This paper proposes a logical and standardized development methodology for construction of Electronic Cultural Map. The methodology consists of 6 steps; information analysis, keyword extraction, keyword clustering, map element extraction, prototype design, and map development. We used and evaluated the methodology during prototype design and development steps for the optimal functions. To generate the base maps for Chinese-Korean Cultural Map, we use Google Earth and KML(Keyhole Markup Language) for standardized and easy development.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.90-103
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• 2017

This study carried out field evaluation by experts, monitoring by the public, and visitor satisfaction survey for 88 sites by using cultural property projects that received support from "SaengSaeng Cultural Property"in 2016. The result of the comprehensive evaluation was 'good', the part of planning, outcome, annual special index were 'good', field operation and performance were 'normal'. The field evaluation was rated as 'normal' by experts, monitoring by the public was 'good', and visitor satisfaction survey was also 'good'. The advantages of the project were as follows; increased enjoyment of local cultural assets, utilization of historical and cultural heritage as tourism, expansion of local participation and cooperation. On the other hand, the disadvantages were as follows; shortage of promotion to other local people, deterioration of program's quality, insufficient materials for explanation of cultural assets, insufficient program for staying. We suggested measures to develop the project as follows; developing paid contents in order to secure sustainability, connection with other programs, developing representative program and brand, improvement of environment to participate, strengthening of role for experienced local organization, utilization of local artists and volunteers, exchange between local organization, promoting by government organization, managing existing visitors, establishing of strategy for promotion, improvement of monitoring by the public, strengthening of reflection of visitor's opinions, consulting for each programs.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.113-145
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• 2009

Recently, due to the globalization of the IT(Information Technology) market, devices and systems designed in one country are used in other countries as well. This phenomenon is becoming the key factor for increased interest on cross-cultural, or cross-national, research within the IT area. However, as the IT market is becoming bigger and more globalized, a great number of IT practitioners are having difficulty in designing and developing devices or systems which can provide optimal experience. This is because not only tangible factors such as language and a country's economic or industrial power affect the user experience of a certain device or system but also invisible and intangible factors as well. Among such invisible and intangible factors, the cultural characteristics of users from different countries may affect the user experience of certain devices or systems because cultural characteristics affect how they understand and interpret the devices or systems. In other words, when users evaluate the quality of overall user experience, the cultural characteristics of each user act as a perceptual lens that leads the user to focus on a certain elements of experience. Therefore, there is a need within the IT field to consider cultural characteristics when designing or developing certain devices or systems and plan a strategy for localization. In such an environment, existing IS studies identify the culture with the country, emphasize the importance of culture in a national level perspective, and hypothesize that users within the same country have same cultural characteristics. Under such assumptions, these studies focus on the moderating effects of cultural characteristics on a national level within a certain theoretical framework. This has already been suggested by cross-cultural studies conducted by scholars such as Hofstede(1980) in providing numerical research results and measurement items for cultural characteristics and using such results or items as they increase the efficiency of studies. However, such national level culture has its limitations in forecasting and explaining individual-level behaviors such as voluntary device or system usage. This is because individual cultural characteristics are the outcome of not only the national culture but also the culture of a race, company, local area, family, and other groups that are formulated through interaction within the group. Therefore, national or nationally dominant cultural characteristics may have its limitations in forecasting and explaining the cultural characteristics of an individual. Moreover, past studies in psychology suggest a possibility that there exist different cultural characteristics within a single individual depending on the subject being measured or its context. For example, in relation to individual vs. collective characteristics, which is one of the major cultural characteristics, an individual may show collectivistic characteristics when he or she is with family or friends but show individualistic characteristics in his or her workplace. Therefore, this study acknowledged such limitations of past studies and conducted a research within the framework of 'theoretically integrated model of user satisfaction and emotional attachment', which was developed through a former study, on how the effects of different experience elements on emotional attachment or user satisfaction are differentiated depending on the individual cultural characteristics related to a system or device usage. In order to do this, this study hypothesized the moderating effects of four cultural dimensions (uncertainty avoidance, individualism vs, collectivism, masculinity vs. femininity, and power distance) as suggested by Hofstede(1980) within the theoretically integrated model of emotional attachment and user satisfaction. Statistical tests were then implemented on these moderating effects through conducting surveys with users of four digital devices (mobile phone, MP3 player, LCD TV, and refrigerator) in three countries (US, Germany, and Russia). In order to explain and forecast the behavior of personal device or system users, individual cultural characteristics must be measured, and depending on the target device or system, measurements must be measured independently. Through this suggestion, this study hopes to provide new and useful perspectives for future IS research.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.274-291
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• 2020

This year is the 50th anniversary of the adoption by UNESCO in 1970 of the Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export, and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property (the '1970 Convention'). Since its ratification of the 1970 Convention in 1983, the Republic of Korea has domestically implemented the Convention through its Cultural Heritage Protection Act, which was first enacted in 1962. This is a different form of implementation than is normally used for other UNESCO Conventions on cultural heritage, in that the Republic of Korea has recently adopted special acts to enforce the 2003 Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage and the 1972 Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage. In addition, the 1970 Convention has been developed further through the introduction of new Operational Guidelines in 2015 for the concrete enforcement of the Convention, which has provided momentum for the Republic of Korea to analyze its current national legislation related to the 1970 Convention as well as consider its amendment in the future. Overall, the Cultural Heritage Protection Act of the Republic of Korea effectively reflects the duties of States Parties under the 1970 Convention. These include measures to introduce export certificates, prohibit the import of stolen cultural property, return other state parties' cultural property, and impose penalties or administrative sanctions in the event of any infringements. Indeed, the Republic of Korea's implementation of the 1970 Convention was introduced as an example of good practice at the Meeting of State Parties in 2019. However, changes in the illegal market for cultural property and development of relevant international law and measures imply that there still exists room for improvement concerning the legal implementation of the 1970 Convention at the national level. In particular, the Operational Guidelines recommend States Parties to adopt legal measures in two respects: detailed criteria for due diligence in assessing bona-fide purchasers, referring to the 1995 UNIDROIT Convention on Stolen or Illegally Exported Cultural Objects, and measures to address the emerging issue of illegal trade in cultural property on internet platforms. Amendment of the Cultural Heritage Protection Act and other relevant laws should be considered in order to duly reflect these issues. Taking that opportunity, concrete provisions to facilitate international cooperation in respect of the implementation of the 1970 Convention could be introduced as well. Such measures could be expected to strengthen the Republic of Korea's international legal cooperation to respond to the changing environment regarding illicit trafficking of cultural property and its restitution.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.29-42
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• 2012

It is common that most countries focus on the development of their capital cities. As a result, other areas do not develop as well as capital cities. Some areas even develop into a kind of distressed community. This leads to the outflow of population and also difficulties for remaining people in these areas. Under such social background, international marriages are on the increase in rural areas and small and medium-sized cities, causing many problems in connection with that. Many researches on multi-cultural families had been conducted recently, but most of them approached their studies from the viewpoint of social welfare. The physical, economical and cultural environments of multi-cultural families are closely connected to each other. Therefore it is necessary to study these families from a holistic point of view. Therefore the purpose of the research is to study the living conditions and the potential needs of married female immigrants in an in-depth and holistic way. The direction of residential planning for multi-families is also provided. To do that, there are three stages of the research which are theoretical review, preliminary survey and main survey. Methods of literature review, workshop, and questionnaire are used. Based on the results of the research, recommendations for the direction of multi-cultural families residential planning are provided. Physically, living-room, bedroom, kitchen and toilet should be adjusted based on their needs. Socially, the feelings of alienation and exclusion should be reduced for married female immigrants. Economically, it is necessary to find a way to make sure that the second generations of multi-cultural families do not inherit poverty from their parents. Culturally, it is important to consider the different needs of immigrants and to embrace their own culture.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.103-111
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• 2019

Under the background of globalization, the borderless nature of film and television language makes the exchange of film as the carrier become an important part of cultural exchanges in various countries. Therefore, film co-production between China and the United States, China and Japan, China and South Korea and other countries has become an important part of the current Chinese film industry. Among them, China and South Korea are close neighbors, and the exchanges between the two countries' films are also increasing. Korean movies have recovered since the 1990s, and they prospered at the beginning of the 21st century, and have formed a unique influence in the international community, especially in crime, suspense, love and other types of films. The co-production of Chinese and Korean films began to appear in 2000, and the signing of the "China-Korea Co-production Film Agreement" in 2014 prompted the rapid convergence of Chinese and Korean film co-productions. However, the co-productions of China and South Korea did not achieve good expectations in terms of communication effects and market evaluation. This article will use the "cultural discount" theory in cross-cultural communication to analyze the reasons for the cultural discounts produced by Chinese and Korean co-productions and how to avoid this phenomenon to the maximum extent.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.331-343
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the material characteristics of black wares excavated from Yongyeon-ri, Damyang and to clarify the correlation of the factors that develop black coulor compared with black wares excavated from other regions. As a results of absorption rate, colour coordinate, compositional mineral, section analysis and contents showed high correlation between the kilns and the waste dumplings, indicating that they were made using the same materials. Second, comparing the microtextures and contents of the glaze layer with the excavated sherds from other kilns, a characteristic coagulation phenomena of iron oxides were not observed in Yongyeon-ri and Gilmyeong-ri, and it was considered that the material, mixing ratio, and firing environment were different from those of Bonggok-dong. In addition, statistical analysis using the major components revealed that the bodies of Yongyeon-ri were highly correlated with those of Bonggok-dong, which is nearest to the region, and similar to Gilmyeong-ri in the glaze layer. The characteristics of colorant were different depending on Fe₂O₃ content and K₂O content also contributed to the classification of the composition of each excavated kiln. Conclusionally, it can be seen from the scientific analysis that the colour of black wares excluded from different regions is materially different from that of iron oxide, the coloring condition, and the firing environment.