• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.291-306
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• 2020

Purpose - This study attempts to expand the realm of country-of-origin theory to incorporate the relevant cultural-psychological variables (i.e., ethnocentricism and psychological distance). Design/methodology/approach - This sttudy verified the effects of the two antecedent variables on the consumers' purchase intention of Korean prducts. For this purpose, the study implemented survey questionnaire mathod on respondents living in Liaoning Province of China. Findings - The study result confirmed the relationship betweencountry image, product attitude, and purchase intention of Korean products. Also, the study found that ethnocentrism adversely affects Chinese consumers' purchase decision on Korean products. Finally, the study confirmed the that psychological distance moderates the relationship between country image (ad product image) on purchase intention. Research implications or Originality - The study provides useful implications on the studies focusing on the country-of-origin effect in that it confirmed the effets of cultural-pychological variables such as ethnocentrism and psychological distance. The result also offers useful corporate strategies for the companies entering Chinese market particularly in segmenting the market based on such cultural-psychological variables.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.13-33
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• 2019

Purpose - This study empirically investigated whether national distances (Cultural, Administrative, Geographic and Economic distance) have different effects on industries in different ways. Design/methodology - The empirical model utilized industry level export trade data to examine the differentiated effects of each national distance. By using direct measurement and covering 75 countries, this paper analyzes the effect of distances in different industries. More specifically, this study classified the industries into a more-sensitive/less-sensitive scale. Findings - The empirical results showed the complicated impacts of national distances on trade. Trade in industries that are more sensitive to cultural and administrative distances was not decreased as greatly as trade in industries that are less sensitive to cultural and administrative distances. Also, industries that are more sensitive to geographic distance showed a stronger negative impact on trade than less sensitive industries. Lastly, economic distance decreased trade for industries that are more sensitive to economic distance, while economic distance did not significantly increase trade for industries that are less sensitive to economic distance. Originality/value - As the first study to empirically find out whether national distance has different effects on industries, this study updated the measurements of national distance.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.195-214
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• 2023

Purpose - This study aims to investigate the factors (experience value, social capital, cultural capital) affecting users' engagement in UGC platform, and to examine their effect on relationship commitment. The study further attempted to confirm the moderating effect of the need for self-expression. Design/methodology/approach - Data was collected from 230 UGC users through a survey, and the study performed a structural equation model analysis to validate the conceptual model which contains five research hypotheses. Findings - The study found that only service value, one of experiential values, has a significant positive (+) effect on customer engagement and that social capital and cultural capital also have a significant positive (+) effect on customer engagement In addition, customer engagement in the UGC platform was found to have a significant positive (+) effect on the relationship commitment. However, the need for self-expression did not moderate the relationship between customer engagement and relationship commitment. Research implications or Originality - Marketing strategies that can strengthen UGC users' engagement factors can lead up to follow-up research, which finds ways to improve not only users' engagement but also sustained relationship with the UGC platforms.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.273-287
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• 2024

Purpose - This study conducts the co-occurrence analysis, one of the social network analysis using global OTA's online reviews and grades in order to understand the experience structure of foreign tourists visiting cutural tourism resources in Jeju, Korea. Design/methodology/approach - For this purpose, this study selects 6 cultural tourism resources in Jeju as the study sites, and collects qualitative review data (noun, adjectives, and verb) and quantitative grade data. Findings - The co-occurrence network analysis between words and grade of market and street shows that the grade of 5 appears the most simultaneous with pork, buy, lot, try, fresh, black, food, price, seafood, local, market, good, street, etc. and the grade of 1 connects with small, dish, better, taste, etc. And the co-occurrence network analysis between words and grade of tradition and folklore shows that the grade of 5 appears the most simultaneous with village, place, museum, visit, time, life, culture, women, diver, use, lot, etc. and the grade of 1 connects with minute, spend, room, recommend, honey, etc. Research implications or originality - The above research results are relevant in order to find out the core experience of foreign tourists using online review and grade generated by foreign tourists and use as the important information to develop the strategies related to the planning and management of cultural tourism resources.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.270-285
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• 2016

Various opinions and discussions have been actively in progress which are connected with cultural heritage since 'Sustainable Development Goals, SDGs' was announced by UN Sustainable Development Summit 2015 as Post-2015 Development Agenda. Apart from SDGs, conservation of cultural heritage itself stands on the basis of sustainability that originality, characteristic, diversity of cultural heritage should be permanently preserved. From that point of view, it is necessary to understand practical ODA for cultural heritage, far from theoretical approaches and policies. This paper is intended to look into the domestic and overseas situation related to ODA of Asian cultural heritage and the mentioned problems, future plans and challenges. First, the background and concepts about ODA were described and then ODA projects which have been carried out by Japan and China as typical ODA countries for Southeast Asia were introduced. ODA of cultural heritage in Korea has relatively recently started for restoration work for historic sites of Laos and Cambodia and its scale and performance do not come to much yet. Therefore, to develop ODA of cultural heritage, there are suggestions as in the followings. First, it is necessary to have a long-term master plan of ODA projects for sustainability of cultural heritage. Second, based on the view from the long-term perspective, the selection and focus for ODA partner countries should be considered, avoiding short-term projects aiming at a number of countries. Not widespread existing projects by other countries, but the model of Korean ODA for cultural heritage only Korea can conduct should be prepared. The next thing is connection with sustainability, and ultimately the conservation of cultural heritage should result in benefit to the natives by giving an impetus to economy as well as fostering tourism of local areas. To accomplish that connection, educational training and building capacity are suggested as the most suitable alternatives. Cultural heritage of each country reflects its indigenous originality and characteristics, therefore, the restoration work should be conducted by people in each country as the best way. From this point of view, ACPCS held by National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage will take a role of a specialized training program in Korean way. Lastly, establishment of a control tower for ODA in Korea is necessary. JCIC(Japan Consortium for International Cooperation in Cultural Heritage), which was set up in Japan for sharing information, establishment of cooperation system and prevention of overlapped projects will be an example we can take into consideration.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.95-109
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• 2022

This study was aimed at developing a new textile design based on the authentic and cultural resources of the Gangneung Subo pattern and applying the textile design to knitted fashion products. Gangneung has been recognized for its outstanding artistry in the field of Gyubang art. Gangneung Subo is an embroidered wrapping cloth. The discovered and preserved Subo at this time was from the Kwandong region centered in Gangeung, and is regarded as the product of the indigenous native culture in Kwandong. Therefore, as a representative cultural resource of Gangneung, the Gangneung Subo has sufficient value as a material for the development of cultural products with uniqueness, distinctiveness, and historicality. As a research method, the background of Gangneung Subo was investigated. A total of 12 motifs were created while preserving the authentic originality of the Gangneung Subo pattern and minimizing unwanted deformations of the pattern during the developing process. The created motifs were repeatedly applied to the pattern and new textile designs were created. Eighteen knit fashion products, including narrow and wide-width mufflers and neck warmers, were developed by applying the new textile designs. As a significant cultural resource for cultural goods development, this study ascertained the value of Gangneung Subo, preserving its unique distinction and history. This study was especially significant since the Gangneung cultural goods developed used knitted material and extended the development to producing real products.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.1 s.110
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• pp.83-92
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• 2007

The modern society has been experiencing a cultural quickening that is accompanied by the rapid social, political and economical changes. In the dim chaos where the future is uncertain, the modern women are gradually discovering the value and meaning of their existences in the society. The fashion and make-up Christian Dior presented in the Haute Couture collections suggest us various genres from which the remarkable creative and artistic accomplishments canbe found. This study is to examine the characteristics of make-up techniques used by Christian Dior for the Haute Couture collections after 2003 S/S. The conclusion of this study is as follows. The make-up trend in the Haute Couture collections suggest that the make-up today is not simply to decorate a face beautifully. The make-up has become a new art form for the modern women to express their various originality and creativity while linking it to the social and cultural elements.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.69-77
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• 2020

Purpose: This research aims to verify the role of mobile shopping attributes, trustworthiness, and cultural dimensions on mobile shopping intentions in Saudi Arabia. The originality of the model stems from the verification of the moderating impact of cultural variables, namely collectivism and masculinity, and from the integration of trustworthiness as a variable depending on mobile shopping attributes. Research design, data and methodology: A survey was distributed to 233 consumers with different nationalities living in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Structural equation modeling and multi-group analysis were carried out to verify the conceptual model and the moderating variables. Results: The findings support the influence of several innovation attributes, namely complexity and trialability on behavioral intentions, while relative advantage has a direct impact on trustworthiness. A few paths are moderated by masculinity and collectivism. Conclusions: Culture and mobile commerce attributes need to be thought out by managers as factors influencing mobile commerce segmentation for expatriates and locals. Trustworthiness is also a key factor of mobile shopping adoption. Limitations and future research ideas are presented to enrich the proposed model and improve its predictive validity.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.208-214
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• 2023

Globalization and the development of technology have turned creativity into a necessity. Numerous countries consider creativity to be the major model of economic development. In this era of the knowledge-based economy, creativity is becoming a catalyst for the development of millions of people around the world. Irina Bokova, the former Director General of UNESCO, has stated that the cultural and creative industries have a capital of 2 250 billion US dollars, almost 30 million jobs worldwide in the economies of advanced countries and developing countries (Cultural Times, 2015). Copyright is a branch of intellectual property with a wider scope, forasmuch as it applies to every product of literary, scientific and artistic works in all forms of expression, relating to certain levels of originality.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.117-129
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• 2010

This study is to make value estimating system to valuate prototype landscape of rural and to derive itemized importance to select priority preservable object The results of the study are summarized as follows, It is examined value estimating standard by analyzing prototype landscape related previous study, law and order. Also, It is derived conclusive prototype landscape value estimating system by doing attribute assessment of preserving objects while surveying the site and interviewing professionals, Value estimating system is classified into five items of physical value which are integration, harmony, diversity, symbolism and aesthetics, The historical-cultural value are divided into four categories which are religious value, originality, historicity and scarcity, The communal values are divided into three categories which are sociality, continuing and regional locality and also divided into three categories which are rarity, primitiveness and diversity as the ecological value, Relative priority of prototype landscape value estimating system result is derived as historical-cultural value as the superior position and physical value, communal value and ecological value as the priority order. In the subordinate, historical categories are derived to be the most valuable and originality, symbolism, integration, regional locality, continuing, harmony, aesthetics, religious value, primitiveness, diversity of physical values and diversity of ecological value in order of the priority assessment The results of the study have the meaning of practical use in prior selection and preservation plan of preserving prototype landscape as practical alternative plan for systematical preservation of damaging prototype landscape.