• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.317-324
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data on the genetic and environmental effects of stickiness in glutinous rice varieties. In our study, we analyzed the genotype-by-environment ($G{\times}E$) interactions of the stickiness using six glutinous rice varieties under six environmental conditions. AMMI (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction) analysis results showed that genotype (variety, G), environment (cultivation region, E) and $G{\times}E$ interaction were highly significant (P < 0.001). Among all the variations of stickiness for glutinous rice varieties, the environmental effect was 24.5%, the genetic effect was 37.1%, and the $G{\times}E$ interaction effect was 28.9%. From the AMMI analysis, the IPCA1 scores of Aranghangchal (G6, IPCA1: 3.85) and Hwaseonchal (G4, IPCA1: -5.24) was lower than other varieties. On the other hand, the Sangjuchal (G1, IPCA1: -61.23) and Boseogchal (G2, IPCA1: 41.21) were highly affected by environmental effects. In this study, there were large differences in stickiness according to region of cultivation. In the future, it is considered that a precise study should be carried out on the environmental factors that may increase the stickiness of glutinous rice varieties.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.333-345
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• 2017

The potato tuber is known as a rich source of essential nutrients, used throughout the world. Although potato-breeding programs share some priorities, the major objective is to increase the genetic potential for yield through breeding or to eliminate hazards that reduce yield. Glycoalkaloids, which are considered a serious hazard to human health, accumulate naturally in potatoes during growth, harvesting, transportation, and storage. Here, we used the AMMI (additive main effects and multiplicative interaction) and GGE (Genotype main effect and genotype by environment interaction) biplot model, to evaluate tuber yield stability and glycoalkaloid content in six potato cultivars across three locations during 2012/2013. The environment on tuber yield had the greatest effect and accounted for 33.0% of the total sum squares; genotypes accounted for 3.8% and $G{\times}E$ interaction accounted for 11.1% which is the nest highest contribution. Conversely, the genotype on glycoalkaloid had the greatest effect and accounted for 82.4% of the total sum squares), whereas environment and $G{\times}E$ effects on this trait accounted for only 0.4% and 3.7%, respectively. Furthermore, potato genotype 'Superior', which covers most of the cultivated area, exhibited high yield performance with stability. 'Goun', which showed lower glycoalkaloid content, was the most suitable and desirable genotype. Results showed that, while tuber yield was more affected by the environment, glycoalkaloid content was more dependent on genotype. Further, the use of the AMMI and GGE biplot model generated more interactive visuals, facilitated the identification of superior genotypes, and suggested decisions on a variety of recommendations for specific environments.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.285-292
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• 2017

We investigated physicochemical properties of puffed snacks with intermediate and high amylose rice varieties. The intermediate amylose rice varieties 'Sindongjin' and high amylose rice varieties newly developed for food processing, 'Dodamssal' and 'Goami4' were tested for this study. The crude fat and crude protein contents of the rice cultivars ranged 1.47-3.08% and 6.30-7.63%, respectively. The resistant starch and amylose contents of Dodamssal and Goami4 were higher than those of Sindongjin. The hardness of rice was the highest in Sindongjin and Dodamssal. Also, Hardness of puffed snacks decreased by 72.07% for Sindongjin, 88.21% for Dodamssal and 66.67% for Goami4 compared to raw rice samples. The sensory evaluation showed that the highest scores in taste, texture and overall acceptability of puffed snacks were obtained in Dodamssal. The results of this study indicate that Dodamssal was suitable varieties for puffed snacks. Also, the physicochemical properties of Dodamssal were improved by the extrusion process. Therefore Dodamssal can be used for the industrial production of puffed snacks.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.64 no.4
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• pp.299-310
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• 2019

The eating quality of rice is one of the main concerns of rice breeding programs in many countries, especially in japonica rice cultivation areas. To select new resources with high eating quality from Korean native japonica rice, we evaluated a total of 76 varieties, including 47 native rice resources (26 landraces + 21 weedy rice) of Korea. In this study, all eating quality traits varied widely among the native resources, and some of the native resources revealed a high evaluation score in the palatability, expected eating quality, and physicochemical traits among the tested whole-plant materials. From the results, we selected two landraces (Sangdo and Waebyeo) and three weedy rice varieties (Hoengseongaengmi3, Namjejuaengmi6, and Wandoaengmi6) as promising resources for improvement of rice eating quality. Specifically, Wandoaengmi6 presented potential as a key breeding material for improving the eating quality of Korean rice cultivars, having the best evaluation results in palatability score (PS 0.83) from the sensory test and glossiness value (GV 81.8) from the Toyo taste meter of cooked rice. Given the urgent need to overcome the constraint of the narrow genetic background of Korean japonica rice, the results could be a practical solution for exploring new opportunities for improving rice eating quality through the expansion of genetic resources.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.64 no.4
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• pp.414-421
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• 2019

Pod shattering during the maturing stage causes a serious yield loss in soybean. It is the main limiting factor of soybean cultivation and mechanization. It is important to develop varieties suitable for mechanical harvesting and to develop energy-efficient agricultural machinery to save labor and costs. 'Daewonkong,' developed by the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in 1997, is an elite cultivar that occupies more than 80% of the soybean cultivation area in Korea because of its strong tolerance to pod shattering. The objectives of this study were to investigate the variation in pod shattering degree in a RIL population developed from a 'Daewonkong' parent and to select promising lines with pod shattering tolerance. 'Daewonkong' demonstrated a high level of tolerance to pod shattering compared to the 'Tawonkong' and 'Saeolkong' varieties, with no shattered pods after 72 hours of drying. Screening of pod shattering showed a clear distinction between the tolerant and susceptible varieties. Also, the distribution of shattering pod ratio in the two populations showed a similar pattern for three years. The promising lines with pod shattering tolerance included 27 lines in the 'Daewonkong'×'Tawonkong' population and 21 lines in the 'Daewonkong'×'Saeolkong' population. The promising lines are expected to be widely used as breeding parents for creating soybean cultivars with pod shattering tolerance.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.416-421
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• 1997

Physicochemical properties of six cultivars of Cheju citrus fruits were investigated according to the harvest date. The fruit index of Citrus. unshiu Marc. var. miynawa, C. $natsudaidai{\;}H_{AYATA}$ and C. sudachi ranged from 1.14 to 1.38 with oval form. The fruit index of C. grandis OSEECK, C. aurantiun LINN and C. platymamma. Hort. SWINGLE ranged from 0.89 to 1.03 with a round form. The fruit weight showed the heaviest in C. grandis, followed by C. natsudaidai, C. aurantiun, C. unshiu, C. platymamma and C. sudachi. The rate of flesh showed the highest in C. unshiu, followed by C. platymamma, C. nat녀daidai, C. sudachi, C. grandis and C. aurantiun. The ratio of juice showed the highest in C. unshiu, followed by C. sudachi, C. platymamma., C. natsudaidai,, C. grandis, C. aurantiun. C. unshiu and C. platymamma, which showed a possibility to be used as raw materials for juices. The soluble solid and the Brix/acid ratio of all the varieties increased as the fruits ripen. Especially those of C. unshiu and C. platymamma were high(10.39, 7.67) in full ripe compared to other varieties. Acid content of C. natsudaidai, C. aurantiun, C. grandis and C. sudachi was sustained higher than $3{\sim}5%$ from the middle of September to the middle of January, and there was the possibility of manufacturing aromatic products like citrus vinegar. The C. sudachi contained the highest content of vitamin C,77.48 mg/100 g. The correlation between vitamin C extraction and season was insignificant. Rind and color value of all varieties were investigated, and the value of the L, a and b increased as the fruits were ripen. The value of a of rind of C. $natsudaidai{\;}H_{AYATA}$ and C. grandis until the end of November was negative. This means that their color was not presented by November since the chlorophyll was in the rind, unlike the colors of the rind of C. unshiu, C. sudachi and C. platymamma which were completed by that time.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.111-117
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• 2009

Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) Penman-Monteith (PM) equation is one of the most widely used equations for predicting evapotranspiration (ET) of crops. The ET rate and the base crop coefficients ($K_{cb}$) of the two different grape vines (i.e., Campbell Early and Kyoho) cultivated in Suwon were calculated by using the FAO PM equation. The ET rate of Campbell Early was $2.41\;mm\;day^{-1}$ and that of Kyoho was $2.22\;mm\;day^{-1}$ in August when the leaf area index was 2.2. During this period, the $K_{cb}$ of Campbell Early based on the FAO PM equation was on average 0.49 with the maximum value of 0.72. On the other hand, the $K_{cb}$ of Kyoho was averaged to be 0.45 with the maximum value of 0.64. The seasonal leaf area index for two grape cultivars was measured as 0.15 in April, 0.5 in May, 1.4 in June, 2.2 in July-September, and 1.5 in October. The $K_{cb}$ of Campbell Early showed a seasonal variation, changing from 0.03 in April to 0.11 in May, 0.31 in June, 0.49 in July-September, and 0.33 in October. The magnitudes and the seasonality of $K_{cb}$ of Kyoho were similar to those of Campbell Early.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.215-222
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• 2017

The potential change of the cultivation area of main citrus cultivars, satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) and 'Shiranuhi' mandarin hybrid [(Citrus unshiu ${\times}$ C. sinensis) ${\times}$ C. reticulata] were determined with base year (1981 to 2010) to 2090. The meteorological data provided by the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA), and the digital agricultural climate map of 30m-solution based on the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 8.5 was used for projection of potential cultivation area. As a result, the potential suitable region of satsuma mandarin included almost Jeju region during base year. At the 2030s, the potential suitable region of satsuma mandarin increased and the cultivable region also increased focused on the coast region of Jeonnam province. From the 2060s, the suitable area spread out to mountain area of Jeju, Jeonnam, Gyeongnam, and the coast region of Kangwon, and the cultivable region expanded to the area of Gyeongbuk, Chungnam, and Jeonbuk. In the case of 'Shiranuhi' mandarin hybrid, the suitable region included only the partial coast area of Jeju, and cultivable area covered Jeju region and the partial southern coast of Jeonnam during the standard period. At the 2030s, the suitable region of 'Shiranuhi' included the current cultivation area of satsuma mandarin, and the cultivable region moved to northward by the partial southern coast region. At the 2090s, the slightly increased suitable region covered all Jeju regions, Jeonnam, Gyeongnam, and the coast area of Kangwon, and the cultivable region proceeded northward focusing on the coastline. In conclusion, the prediction of the potential land for citrus cultivation based on the RCP 8.5 showed that the suitable region of satsuma mandarin decreased, whereas that of cultivation of 'Shiranuhi' increased. Moreover, it was forecasted that citrus cultivation area would extend to Kangwon region at the end of the $21^{st}$ century.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.112-119
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• 2010

Pleurotus spp. have been used for edible and medicinal purposes in Asian countries for a long time. The fruiting bodies of the Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus citrinopileatus and Pleurotus salmoneostramineus contained many physiologically beneficial substances for human health. Therefore, it is necessary to study the genetic diversity of Pleurotus mushroom cultivars commercially cultivated in Korea. Eleven strains of Pleurotus spp. were collected from different geographical regions in South-East Asia and ITS regions of rDNA and RAPD of genomic DNA were analyzed. The size of the ITS1 and ITS2 regions of rDNA from the different strains varied from 167 to 254 bp and 156 to 213 bp, respectively. The sequence of ITS1 was more variable than that of ITS2, and the 5.8S sequences were identical. A phylogenetic tree based on the ITS region sequences indicated that selected strains could be classified into 4 clusters. Eleven Pleurotus species were also analyzed by RAPD with 20 arbitrary primers. Ten of these primers were efficiently amplified the genomic DNA. The number of amplified bands varied with the primers and strains, with polymorphic fragments in the range from 0.1 to 2.0kb. The results revealed that genetic diversity of selected strains of P. ostreatus, P. citrinopileatus and P. salmoneostramineus is low.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 2005

This study was conducted to investigate the control possibility of garlic white rot causing severe yield losses of Allium species and cultivars using cultural practices such as optimal sowing date and burial depth, and lime application. Inoculum density in infested field soil was investigated at different soil depth, and that on the diseased plant debris was done. Inoculum density and recovery ratio of white rot pathogen of garlic was highly different between two species of Sclerotium cepivorum forming comparatively small sclerotia and Sclerotium sp. forming comparatively large ones. It was confirmed that S. cepivorum formed more sclerotia on bulbs of garlic than S. sp., and sclerotial recovery of S. cepivorum was higher than that of S. sp. Inoculum density of white rot pathogen in the infested field at garlic seeding period ranged from one to thirteen sclerotia per 30 g soil. Inoculum density of white rot pathogen decreased remarkably with increasing soil depth and above 95% of sclerotia were distributed within 5 cm of soil depth. Disease severity of white rot was higher on slightly planted garlics than deeply-planted ones. Garlic seed bulbs infected by white rot pathogens were confirmed to be one of main inoculum sources of white rot in the field and the disease incidences caused by garlic seed transmission showed big differences among garlic varieties. When nine garlic varieties harvested from infested plots were sown in the field, highly susceptible varieties, ‘Wando’, ‘Daeseo’, ‘Namdo’ and ‘Kodang’ showed high disease incidences, whereas other five varieties were not infected at all. It was confirmed that white rot occurred higher on early-sown garlics, before middle October, than on late-sown ones, after late October. Meanwhile, increasing application rate of lime ranged from 100 to 300 g reduced disease severity of white rot.