• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.33-40
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• 2011

This study was conducted for the purpose of examining stable disposal of foodwaste and possibility of multilateral use of its by-product by mixing earthworm powder and by-product generated from food waste disposal for making feed for sea fish. As a result of the study, content of crude protein (25.93%, 69.72%), crude lipid (16.91%,6.39%) crude ash (15.38%, 5.30%) in by-product of food waste and earthworm powder was higher than that in fish meals manufactured in the country, and it was judged that it is available to make good feed as a source of fatty acid as it contained C18:1n9c, 1n9t and c16:0. As for stability as a raw material for feed, it was shown that the stability was high when using the product as a raw material for feed not exceeding the standard of test items, and though change of content and ingredients to mixing ratio, it was shown that mixed specimen of fertilizer (S6) was higher, showing that it has great utilization in the future. Also, as it has more content of registered ingredients than any other raw materials for feed manufactured in the country, it is possible to be used as a substitute when manufacturing feed for sea fish. Therefore, it is judged that various studies such as economic analysis and technology of possible manufacturing will be needed in the future.

• Journal of Marine Life Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.56-62
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• 2016

In the present study, to clarify a possible relevance of blind-side hypermelanosis to chronic stress in cultured flounders, P. olivaceus, a serial experiment was tried with comparison of biochemical stress factors between wild type and hypermelanic type in cultured olive flounders. The mean size of experimental animal was total length 21.5±0.42 cm and body weight 87.5±6.1 g. The initial malpigmented area rate on the blind side skin was 0.63±0.12% and 16.7±4.7%, respectively, in the wild type and the hypermelanic type. The stress factors surveyed in the experiment were glucose (GLU), total protein (TP), cortisol, free type-thyroid hormones (FT₃ and FT₄) in plasma, and also moisture, crude protein, crude lipid, and crude ash in body muscle. As a result, GLU and TP were higher in hypermelanic type than in wild type. Plasma cortisol was also higher in hypermelanic type than in wild type. In FT₃ and FT₄, any difference between two groups was not observed. In body nutrient factors, the moisture and the crude ash in body composition were not different between two groups, but the crude protein was low and the crude lipid was high in the hypermelanic type. Therefore, it is concluded that the blind-side hypermelanosis of cultured flounders could be related with a chronic stress.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.381-385
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• 1998

Chemical components of Perillar semen and physico-chemical properties o Perillae semen oil were analyzed for the use as an edible oil. The proximate compositions of Perillae semen were 7.5% moisture, 33.2% crude fat, 16.3% crude protein, 2.8% crude ash, 6.5% crude fiber, and 33.7% nitrogen free extract. The major amino acids of Perillae semen were glutamic acid(66.9mg%), aspartic acid (32.5mg%), histidine(21.6mg%), and phenylaanine (20.1mg%). The ratio of essential/total amino acid was 41.3%. The physico-chemical properties of the seed oil were 0.915 specific gravity, 1.4808 refractive index, 3.6 acid value, 181.7 iodine value, and 194.0 saponification value. Composition of major lipid of the oil fractionated by silicic acid chromatography was 94.2% neutral lipids and 5.8% polar lioids. The major fatty acids of the oil were linolenic, linoleic and oleic acid. Neutral lipids consisted of 59.9% linolenic acid, 15.6% oleic acid, 6.6% palmitic acid, and 2.5% stearic acid. Polar lipids consisted of 58.5% linolenic acid, 18.1% linoleic acid, 12.7% oleic acid, 7.7% palmitic acid, and 3.0% stearic acid.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.407-414
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• 2010

Physiological activity and antioxidative activity of Maesangi(Capsosiphon fulvescens) extracts with distilled water or 95% ethanol were investigated. For the evaluation of physiological and antioxidative activities, some evaluation assay methods such as measurement of Hunter color value, chlorophyll a/b value, total phenolics, reducing power and thiobarbituric acid(TBA) value of soybean oil were used. Proximate composition and mineral contents of Masaengi were orders of crude protein>crude fiber>moisture>crude ash>crude lipid, and K>Ca>Mg>Na>P>Fe>Zn, respectively. In ethanol extract, the content of total phenolic compounds in Maesangi was determined to half times of that in Dasima(Laminaria). The reducing power of Maesangi-ehtanol extract was about 5 % of vitamin C and was lower than that of Dasima-ethanol extract. The TBA value of Maesangi-ethanol extract on soybean oil oxidation was about 47 % and 68.4 % to control in three and eight days oxidation, respectively. But TBA value difference was not observed significantly with the dosage below 5mL of ethanol extract.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.22 no.6 s.96
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• pp.957-965
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• 2006

This research was conducted to examine the usability of Dangui (Angelica gigas Nakai, Root) and Seungumcho (Angelica gigas Nakai, Leaf) as functional food in aspects of their functional components and nitrite scavenging ability. Analysis of proximate composition showed that Dangui contains more moisture, crude lipid and crude protein than Seungumcho. On the other hand, Seungumcho contains more than twice mont of crude ash and crude fiber than Dangui. Dangui showed higher contents in phosphorus, iron, magnesium, and Seungumcho showed higher contents in copper, calcium, sodium, potassium compare to each other. Substances such as calcium, magnesium and iron that showed high contents in Dangui and Seungumcho are the most important inorganic substances. Total dietary fiber(TDF) of Dangui, sum of IDF and SDF, was 24.2%, and Seungumcho showed 28.18%. vitamin C contents of a 29.690.33 mg/100g appeared only in Seunggumcho. Total phenol contents of Dangui was 0.100${\pm}$002% and that of Seungumcho 0.0900${\pm}$008%. Nnitrite Scavenging ability of both water soluble and methanol soluble extracts were more than 90% at pH 1.2, and it decreased as pH level adjusted to pH 4.2, pH and 6.0.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.589-593
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• 2001

The natural sources extracted from crab shell Korean tagnrine peel, sesame meals were utilized to investigate the effects of extracts on free radical reaction, lipid oxidation and nitrite scavenging ability. The recovery percentage of extracts from waste resources (crab shell, sesame meal, dry korean tangrine peel) were chitosan 11.6%, crude sesamol 2.2% and ascorbic acid 2.8%, respectively. The antioxidants were tended to have a lower TBARS value than those of control. The nitrite scavenging and electron donating ability of crude sesamol were tended to be the most effective extract among all extracts. However, In case of chitosan, the superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity was the most highest, compared to other extracts.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.153-166
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• 1984

The anticancer activities of petroleum ether extract of Panax ginseng root(crude GX) and its partially purified fraction from silicic acid column chromatography (7:3 GX) were studied with Sarcoma 180(S-180) or Walker carcinosarcoma 256 (Walker 256) in vivo and with L1210 leukemic lympocyte in vitro. Potential cytotoxic activities of the crude GX and against L1210 cells were compared with those of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and saponin derivatives (Panax-diol, Panax-triol, Diol saponin, Triol saponin) in vitro. In order to observe the physiological effects of the crude GX and 7:3 GX on the animals with cancer, hemoglobin(Hb), red blood cell(R.B.C) and white blood cell after treatment with each GX in comparison with corresponding control groups, respectively. The anticancer effects of the crude GX and 7:3 GX were estimated by measuring the survival time of S-180 bearing mice after treatment with them. The experimental results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. The one unit of cytotoxic activity against L1210 cells was equivalent to 2.54$\mu\textrm{g}$ and 0.88$\mu\textrm{g}$of the crude GX and 7:3 GX per ml of culture medium, respectively. 2. The cytotoxic activities of Panax-diol, Panax=triol, Diol saponin and triol saponin against L1210 cells were not detected. 3. The anticancer activities of 5-FU against L1210, S-180 and Walker 256 were very effective in vivo and vitro tests. 4. The significantly increased W.B.C values of mice after inoculation with S-180 cells were reduced to normal range by the crude GX treatment. 5. The significantly decreased Hb values of rats after inoculation with Walker 256 were recovered to normal range by oral administration of the crude GX. 6. The survival times of mice inoculated with S-180 cells were extended about 1.5 to 2 times by the 7:3 GX treatment compared with their control group.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.518-524
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• 1995

In this study physicochemical characteristics such as crude lipid, crude protein and total sugar contents have been analyzed with samples taken at different developing stages and growing sites, Bongsan-ri(steam-roasted green tea) and Buchun-ri(roasted green tea) area. Leaf area of new leaf was larger in Buchun-ri(7.23cm$^2$) than in Bongsan-ri(6.93cm$^2$). Variation of leaf area by the developing stages was the largest at between stage II (May 5) and stage III(May 18). Dry matters ratio of tea leaf were 26.3% in Bongsan-ri and 26.6% in Buchun-ri. Water content, ash, water-soluble matters, total sugar content of green tea sampled in Bongsan-ri and Buchun-ri were 5.6, 6.1, 33.1, 4.6 and 6.2, 5.8, 35.2, 2.8%, respectivley. Crude lipid, total nitrogen and water-soluble protein, inorganic matters content of green tea sampled in Bongsan-ri and Buchun-ri were 2.8, 5.1, 1.1, 2.56 and 2.2, 5.7, 1.0, 2.34%, respectively. At the later developing stages crude lipid, total sugar contents were increased, whereas total nitrogen had low content. Vitamin C, Vitamin E and Vitamin A content of green tea produced in Bongsan-ri and Buchun-ri area were 413mg%, 71.8mg%, 32.15IU and 311mg%, 52.3mg%, 25.68IU, respectively. Vitamin C and Vitamin E content were increased toward the later sampling stages. Water-soluble matters and water-soluble protein content of green tea prepared by the steam-roasted method and the roasted method were increased by 0.11, 0.13 and 0.09, 0.08%, respectively, compared to unroasted check. Crude lipid content of green tea prepared by the steam-roasted method and the roasted method were decreased by 0.13 and 0.24%, respectively. Total nitrogen content of green tea prepared by the steam-roasted method and the roasted method was changed 0.019 and 0.036%, respectively and total nitrogen content showed minute different between two methods.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.367-373
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• 2007

Livers of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) and yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) were investigated on the food compositional characteristics and also compared to that of Alaska pollack (Theragra chalcogramma). The proximate compositions of skipjack tuna and yellowfin tuna livers were high in crude protein, carbohydrate, and crude ash, while were low in crude lipid when compared to that of Alaska pollack liver. The results of heavy metal suggested that tuna livers appeared safe as a food resource. The total amino acid contents of skipjack tuna and yellowfin tuna livers were 17.7 and 17.1 g/100 g, respectively, and the major amino acids in both livers were aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine, valine, leucine, and lysine. Tuna livers were good sources of iron and zinc, while have low lipid content. The extractive nitrogen contents of skipjack tuna and yellowfin tuna livers were 526.5 and 468.2 mg/100 g, respectively, and their major free amino acids were taurine, glutamic acid, and alanine. From the results of taste value, the major taste active compounds among free amino acids were glutamic acid and aspartic acid.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.224-230
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to find out the optimal mixing ratio of green tea powder, sugar, and water for the preparation of Seolgiddeok through Response Surface Methodology based on the color, sensory, and texture test. The oganoleptic and textural properties of Seolgiddeok prepared with various concentrations of green tea powder (0% (control group), 0.5% (GT-0.5 group), 1% (GT-1.0 group), 1.5% (GT-1.5 group), 2% (GT-2.0 group)), and their quality changes during storage were also investigated. The optimal mixing ratio of green tea powder, sugar, and water for preparing the best quality Seolgiddeok was 1.0%, 12%, and 22%, respectively. The proximate composition of green tea powder was 21.70% of crude protein, 8.49% of crude lipid, 2.95% of reducing sugar, and 6.40% of ash. The contents of crude lipid, reducing sugar, and catechins in Seolgiddeok added with a green tea powder were increased with increasing the content of green tea powder. The hardness and gumminess of GT-1.0 group were the lowest among four groups, whereas GT-1.0 and GT-2.0 groups had the lowest cohesiveness. While the control group was the lowest in adhesiveness, the springness was not significantly different among all groups. GT-0.5 and GT-1.5 groups were the highest in sweet taste and colorfulness, respectively. However, GT-1.0 group had the best overall quality. Total microbial numbers, the acidity and pH in Seolgiddeok during storage were decreased with increasing green tea powder content, and especially those of GT-1.0 and GT-1.5 groups were relatively the lower than others. The “L” value (lightness) of the control group (no additives) was the highest among five groups, and the value was decreased with storage period, and especially GT-0.5 groups had the lowest brightness. The“a”value (reddness) of the control group was the highest, followed by GT-0.5, GT-1.0, GT-1.5, and GT- 2.0 group in order. The“b”value (yellowness) was increased with the increase of green tea powder content. Above results indicated that GT-1.0 group showed the best quality of Seolgiddeok through organoleptic and rheology tests.