• Title/Summary/Keyword: cross-talk

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An Analysis of Maximum Cross Talk Noise in RLC Interconnects (RLC 연결선에서 최대 누화 잡음 예측을 위한 해석적 연구)

  • 김애희;김승용;김석윤
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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    • v.41 no.2
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    • pp.77-83
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    • 2004
  • Cross-talk noise which can occur between on-chip interconnects is significant factor which influence signal integrity. Therefore, this paper presents an analytical method for estimating maximum cross-talk noise. We consider inductance effect of interconnects and use arbitary ramp inputs to estimate noise magnitude exactly. Also, we have used a virtual source for the easy of analytically caculating maximum cross-talk noise from complex cross-talk noise model. The accuracy of the has been shown that be within 4.3 percent maximum relative error compared with the results of HSPICE simulation. Hence, this study can be utilized in various CAD tools for guaranteeing signal integrity.

A Cross-talk Cancelling Technique for Improved 3-Dimensional Audio Reproduction (개선된 3차원 오디오 재생을 위한 크로스토크 제거 기법)

  • 오승수;김기만
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.8-13
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    • 2001
  • It has been well known that cross-talk canceller for 3D audio using loudspeakers depends on a listeners position called the sweet-spot. Therefore, new cross-talk canceller was proposed that increases robustness to perturbations such as head movement, reverberations, and different head shapes. It was made up 3 loudspeakers structure to be combined with symmetric and asymmetric speaker geometry. In this paper, we propose new cross-talk canceller using 2 loudspeakers having the same efficiency as existing cross-talk canceller using 3 loudspeakers. The results of the study is verified through the listening tests and also presented a cross-talk cancelling methods for improved 3-D audio production in details.

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A Study for Reducing the Acoustic Cross Talk Level in an Array Type Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Transducer Using Acoustic Wells (음향 벽을 이용한 배열형 압전형 초음파 변환기의 음향 간섭 수준 감소를 위한 연구)

  • 김영신;노용래
    • The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.208-216
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    • 2003
  • In one dimensional linear array type piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers widely used for medical diagnosis, the acoustic cross talk caused by the structural acoustic coupling between the adjacent piezoelectric elements reduces significantly their performance. In the study, we have proposed an acoustic wall to reduce the acoustic cross talk by wave propagation through the surface the transducer which can not be prevented by conventional kerf and have analyzed using a finite element method the acoustic cross talk level with respect to the shape, size and materials of the acoustic wall mounted on a convex one dimensional piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer. We expect that the simulated results provide us with a valuable information to make an optimized design of the way type ultrasonic transducer minimizing the acoustic cross talk level.

Bidirectional Cross-talk Between Estrogen Receptor and Growth Factor Receptors in Breast Cancer Cell (유방암세포에서 에스트로겐 수용체와 성장인자 수용체 사이의 양방향 상호작용)

  • Min, Gyesik
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.265-273
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    • 2018
  • Estrogen (E2) is involved in the development and progression of breast cancer and is mediated by estrogen receptor (ER). ER plays important roles in cellular proliferation, migration, invasion and causing drug resistance through diverse cross-talks with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) signaling pathways in breast cancer cells. Breast cancer is caused mainly by break-down of homeostasis of endocrine signaling pathways especially by the uncontrolled expression and increased activities of E2/IGF-1/EGF, ER/G-protein estrogen receptor (GPER)/IGF-1R/EGFR and their intracellular signaling mediators. These changes influence the complex cross-talk between E2 and growth factors' signaling, eventually resulting in the progression of cancer and resistance against endocrine regulators. Thus, elucidation of the molecular mechanisms in stepwise of the cross-talk between E2 and growth factors will contribute to the customized treatment according to the diverse types of breast cancer. In particular, as strategies for the treatment of breast cancer with diverse genotypes and phenotypes, there can be use of aromatase inhibitors and blockers of E2 action for the ER+ hormone-dependent breast cancer cells and use of IGF-1R/EGFR activity blockers for suppression of cancer cell proliferation from the cross-talk between E2 and growth factors. Furthermore, changes in the expression of the ECM molecules regulated by the cross-talk between ER and EGFR/IGF-1R can be used for the targeted therapeutics against the migration of breast cancer cells. Therefore, it is required for the cross-talk among the signaling pathways of ER, GPER, IGF-1R and EGFR concerning cancer progression to be elucidated in more detail at the molecular level.

Lenticular Lens Array without Cross-Talk (3차원영상의 입체감 향상을 위해 Cross-Talk을 최소화한 렌티큘러 렌즈)

  • Kim, Tae-Kyoung;Kim, Min-Jae;Hwang, Yeon;Cha, Du-Hwan;Kim, Hye-Jeong;Kim, Jeong-Ho
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2010.06a
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    • pp.179-179
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    • 2010
  • 본 연구에서는 무안경식 3 차원 입체영상 기술에 쓰이는 렌티큘러 렌즈의 제작공정 중 오차(Error)로 작용할 수 있는 몇 가지 변수를 가정하였고 이러한 변수의 오차에 의해 좌우되는 가장 중요한 성능인자인 광학적 상호간섭 (Cross-Talk)을 최소화하도록 연구를 수행하였다. 이를 위해서 초정밀절삭가공과 UV경화법을 사용하였고 광학적 상호간섭 (Cross-Talk)에 가장 큰 영향을 주는 피치공차 (Allowance)를 ${\pm}0.5{\mu}m$내로 줄여서 3차원 입체감을 향상시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다.

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Analysis of cross-talk effects in volume holographic interconnections using perturbative integral expansion method

  • Jin, Sang-Kyu
    • Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.58-63
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    • 1998
  • Cross-talk effects in high-density volume holographic interconnections are investigated using perturbative iteration method of the integral form of Maxwell's wave equation. In this method, the paraxial approximation and negligence of backward scattering introduced in conventional coupled mode theory is not assumed. Interaction geometries consisting of non-coplanar light waves and multiple index gratings are studied. Arbitrary light polarization is considered. Systematic analysis of cross-talk effects due to multiple index gratings is performed in increasing level of diffraction orders corresponding to successive iterations. Some numerical examples are given for first and third order diffraction.

A method of the cross-talk cancellation for an sound reproduction of 5.1 channel speaker system (5.1 채널 스피커 시스템 음향재생을 위한 크로스토크 제거방법)

  • Lee, Soo-Jeong;Cho, Gab-Ken;Kim, Soon-Hyob
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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    • v.42 no.4 s.304
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    • pp.159-166
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    • 2005
  • This thesis deals with a method to deliver more realistic sound by cancelling the cross-talk which is inherent to the 5.1 channel speaker system. First, the cross-talk cancellation method that eliminates cross-talks on the path from left speaker to right ear and from right speaker to left ear is explained. Then the application and replaying method using the cross-talk cancellation explained here is introduced. The acoustical model for cross-talk cancellation is the free field model This model minimizes distortion of sound. Many experts also make studies on this model. I used the bark scale sound quality compensation based on psycho-acoustic. For the surround channels, band-limited sound quality compensation is performed in the frequency domain.

Method to Reduce the Cross-talk in 3D PDP TV

  • Kim, Dae-Hun;Lee, Jun-Hak;Kim, Tae-Hyung;Moon, Sung-Hak;Kim, Seong-Tae
    • 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2009.10a
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    • pp.513-516
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    • 2009
  • The cross-talk, which occurs due to the phosphor decay time, is a critical problem in the 3D PDP TV. First, we investigated the factors that affected the cross-talk in waveforms. After the investigation, we designed the driving waveforms for the 3D PDP TV. We also obtained a better result by controlling the driving timing of 3D active glasses.

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Cross talk between binary holograms of finite contrast in phase-code multiplexing system (유한한 contrast ratio를 갖는 위상 부호 다중화된 이진 홀로그램들간의 Cross talk)

  • Kim, Hyun;Lee, Yeon-Ho
    • Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2003.07a
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    • pp.260-261
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    • 2003
  • 위상 부호 다중화 시스템에서 cross talk 잡음은 기준빔 성분들간의 180$^{\circ}$와 다른 위상 천이 오차, 기준빔 성분들의 Bragg 격자로부터 불균일한 회절 세기들, 혹은 non-Bragg-matched 격자로부터 회절 때문에 발생하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 논문에서는 cross talk의 다른 원인들이 최소화된 시스템에서 위상 천이 오차만이 존재할 때 이전 연구들과 달리 유한한 contrast ratio를 갖는 이진 랜덤 이차원 이미지들을 광굴절 결정체에 위상 부호 다중화하고 복원할 때 얻어지는 신호대 잡음비(SNR)을 계산하고 이를 실험 측정 결과와 비교한다. (중략)

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A Study on the Reduction of Cross-talk Artifact in Lumbar Magnetic Resonance Imaging : Focused on Concatenation Time Repetition (요추 자기공명영상에서 발생하는 Cross-talk Artifact 저감화 연구: 분할 TR 중심으로)

  • Lee, Jae-Heun;Lee, Hyo-Yeong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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    • v.14 no.5
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    • pp.715-723
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    • 2020
  • Cross-talk artifacts occur in two adjacent groups of axial imaging of lesions lumbar 4-5 and sacrum 1 in lumbar spine MRI. This causes problems in reading lesions in areas corresponding to the posterior vertebra. In this study, we are going to completely remove the cross-talk artifacts through optimal concatenation TR. The region of interested were measured by averaging them into fat (ROI1), erector spinal muscle(lateral tract: iliocostalis lumborum muscle) (ROI2), erector spinal muscle(lateral tract: longissimus muscle) (ROI3), and spinous process (ROI4). The mean signal intensity (SI) was 163.43 ± 25.08 at C4 for ROI1, ROI 2 and ROI 3 at C6, 67.89 ± 11.75 and 69.99 ± 10.91 and ROI4 at C5, respectively (p<0.000). The mean signal to noise ratio (SNR) was 135.45 ± 35.90, 56.92 ± 15.90, 58.77 ± 15.59, and 54.91 ± 118.95 for SNR 1, 2, 3 and 4 (p<0.000). The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was CNR1 78.52 ± 24.11, CNR2 was 76.67 ± 24.38 and CNR3 was 80.54 ± 26.33 in concatenation 6, respectively (p<0.000). The SNR, CNR, and the most efficient concatenation TR value over time are 6, and it is considered to help reduce cross-talk artifact if this is applied to T1 axial images.