• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.743-750
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• 2014

Purpose: The objective of this study was to provide a trend analysis of the prevalence of diabetes relative to the socioeconomic, lifestyle, and physiologic risk factors among Korean adults aged over 30 years for a 10-year period using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Methods: Prevalence difference and the slope index of inequality were calculated for each risk factors using binomial regression by considering the repeated cross-sectional features of the data. The prevalence ratio and the relative index of inequality were calculated using log-binomial regression. Linear trend tests were performed using SAS 9.2. Results: Crude prevalence of diabetes increased over the 10-year period, and was higher for men than for women. It was very high for adults 60 years or over, consistently increasing over time. The prevalence among unemployed men, women with higher level of stress, women with hypertension, and adults with serum triglyceride levels over 135 mg/dL increased over the 10-year period in comparison with the respective control group. Conclusion: Considering the rapid economic development and associated lifestyle changes in Korea, action should be taken to control the prevalence of diabetes by both preventing and consistently monitoring these identified risk factors using a public-health approach.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.13-22
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation between cause and the element of mouth odor through measurement and identification of mouth odor and is to apply to effective method for elimination of halitosis, Subjects were 150 people who visited Dong Pusan College and lived in Pusan Cross-sectional survey was used and mouth odor was measured by Oralchroma. Oral examination proceeded with status of tongue plaque distribution and calculus index, Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 13.0 for window Among 150 people, 67.3% subjects thought they had halitosis, 89.3% people felt that their mouth odor were the severest as soon as wake-up, Tongue was serious place for halitosis by 53.3% subjects Methylmercaptan and dimethyl sulfide showed the highest correlation by 0.549 index score, Moreover, methyl mercaptan was observed the correlation with brushing time in 0.190 index score and with food intake in 0.177(P<0.05). In conclusion, brushing time and food intake were correlated with mouth odor.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.36-44
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• 2020

Purpose : The person-centered care is essential for better patient outcome. This study was conducted to identify the factors affecting to the person-centered care among intensive care unit (ICU) nurses. Method : This study was cross sectional survey, and the participants included 107 ICU nurses who provided a written consent to participate in the study. Using a structured survey, nurse's compassion fatigue, compassion satisfaction, and person-centered care among ICU nurses were assessed. The collected data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation test with SPSS 23.0 program. The factors affecting patient-centered care were analyzed using multiple regression. Results : According to the multiple regression analysis, education level, perceived caregivers need priority and compassion satisfaction were positive affecting factors to the person-centeredness of ICU nurses. Conclusion : In conclusion, the compassion satisfaction was an affecting factor to the person-centered care, however compassion fatigue didn't affect to the person-centered care among ICU nurses. Therefore, the strategy enhancing compassion satisfaction among ICU nurses will be needed to increase person centeredness.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.44-55
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify factors influencing fundus examination to prevent diabetic retinopathy in diabetes patients to provide basic data to improve screening rates of fundus examinations. Methods: Raw data from the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which is a cross-sectional and nationally representative survey, were used in this study. The subjects of the study were 1,029 adult diabetes patients over the age of 19 years who had been diagnosed with diabetes. The demographic characteristics, diabetes and disease-related characteristics and health behavior characteristics according to the fundus examinations were analyzed by the chi-squared test and logistic regression analyses were used to examine the factors influencing fundus examination. Results: A total of 333 patients underwent fundus examination at a screening rate of 32.2%. We identified factors influencing fundus examination in patients with diabetes as level of education, type of diabetes care, period of diabetes, and smoking. Conclusion: A multiple approach is required to raise the low screening rate of fundus examination, including specialized education for low-education groups. Moreover, nursing intervention should focus on subjects who do not engage in insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents and with diabetes for a long period.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.35-47
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• 2020

Objectives: This study investigated the effect of physical activity of adult Korean males on the prevalence of diabetes mellitus. Methods: This cross-sectional study used the raw data from the 2017 Community Health Survey. The subjects of this study were 74,494 men aged 19-64 years old. The data was analyzed applying the complex sampling design and using SPSS 23.0 Program. Descriptive statistics, Rao-Scott Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analysis were all performed. Results: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 6.4%. The walking activity was 58.5% and the over moderate intensity physical activity was 27.5%. After adjusting for age, marital status, educational level, household monthly income, drinking and smoking status, and BMI, those subjects without moderate intensity physical activity had a 1.14 times higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (95% CI = 1.05-1.24) than those men with moderate intensity physical activity. Conclusion: In order to decrease the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among adult men, regular physical activities over a moderate intensity level should be emphasized and encouraged in daily life.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.97-102
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• 2004

A cross-sectional epidemiologic study was conducted to evaluate vitamin C nutritional status by assessing dietary intake and blood vitamin C level and to identify the relationships between dietary vitamin C intake, serum vitamin C level and blood lead level in Korean lead workers. The study population was 118 lead workers from two battery manufacturing factories and 63 non-lead-exposed controls. A food consumption survey was conducted by the 24-hr recall method to determine the dietary vitamin C intake level. The anthropometric measurements, blood collection, and survey were performed between September and November, 2000. Blood lead levels and serum vitamin C levels were measured using an atomic absorption spectrometer and high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. Vitamin C nutritional status of Korean lead workers was lower than that of the control group, in terms of both dietary intake and the biochemical index: the mean daily dietary intake level of vitamin C of lead workers was 65.9mg (94% RDA), while that of controls was 132.6mg(189% RDA) ; and the serum vitamin C status of lead workers (0.10mg/dl) was significantly lower than that of controls (1.08mg/dl ; p<0.001). Both dietary vitamin C intake and serum vitamin C levels showed a significant negative correlation with blood lead level (p<0.001), which indicates that strategies of dietary management to promote the health of Korean lead workers should focus on promoting the vitamin C intakes of individuals.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to explore the relationship between aggression, self-esteem, and social withdrawal. Methods: This research is a cross-sectional survey. This study used the 5th-year data of the Korean Children & Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) including 218 middle school students having delinquent behavior. The collected data was analyzed through $x^2$ test, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression, using SPSS/Win (ver. 23.0). Results: Significant positive correlations were found between aggression and social withdrawal and between aggression and self-esteem. Higher aggression was associated with higher social withdrawal and lower self-esteem. The results of the 2-step regression are as follows. Aggression was negatively correlated with self-esteem, whereas self-esteem was positively correlated with social withdrawals. The hierarchical multiple regression showed that 21% of the variance of aggression was significantly accounted for by self-esteem and social withdrawal. The most significant factor influencing aggression was social withdrawal. Conclusion: These results suggest that earlier screening and intervention programs to increase self-esteem and decrease social withdrawal for early adolescents should be developed to prevent aggression.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.97-106
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the factors influencing the happiness according to gender of the elderly living alone. Methods: This cross-sectional study used the raw data from the 2015 Community Health Survey. The subjects of this study were 14,705 elderly people aged 65 years or older, of which 2,198 were male elderly and 12,507 were female elderly. Results: The factors influencing the happiness of both male and female elderly were household income, depression, subjective stress level, subjective health level, quality of life, and lack of required medical service experience (p<.05). In addition, the male elderly were affected by the age, and the female elderly were affected by education, sleep time, walking and breakfast practice, and health screening (p<.05). Conclusions: It is necessary to develop and apply programs that can reduce the stress to increase the happiness of the elderly living alone, and efforts should be made not to cause a blind spot in terms of the health and welfare of the elderly living alone.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.sup1
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• pp.65-70
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• 2016

Background: In 2013, legislation in Vietnam regulated smoking in public areas. Included was a ban on indoor smoking at universities. Objective: Since awareness and attitude are moderators of the effectiveness of smoke-free policy, ou aim was to assess changes in students' knowledge and attitude tosecond hand smoke (SHS) and awareness and support of smoke-free legislation at four Vietnamese universities, one year after legislative changes. Methods: A two-phase cross sectional study of undergraduate students using self-administered questionnaires (based on the Global Adult Tobacco Survey and the Thrasher survey) was conducted at the introduction of the legislation and one year thereafter. Results: One-year post legislation there were significant increases in knowledge of smoke-free legislation and awareness of universities as smoke-free environments. There was a significant increase in knowledge of harmful effects of SHS on diseases such as examples in the heart and lung, including lung cancer, and miscarriage. Students expressed strong support of smoke-free environments in universities, hospitals, schools, workplaces, public transport, libraries, cinemas and theatres; support was also increased post legislation. Changes were seen in attitude to SHS, and rights of non-smokers and smokers. Conclusions: Positive changes have occurred in knowledge and attitude toward smoke-free environments and SHS in universities since enactment of Vietnamese tobacco control legislation.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.193-203
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the level of importance, difficulty, satisfaction, and needs of biological nursing science courses-pathophysiology and pharmacology- among students of Advanced Practice Nursing Programs. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study using a self-report questionnaire has been adopted. Participants in this survey were 436 graduate students enrolled in an Advanced Practice Nursing Program. Using SPSS WIN 18.0 program, descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and t-test were conducted. Results: In a pathophysiology course, the students taught by nurse lecturers presented a higher level of importance and satisfaction than those were taught by non-nurse lecturers, but the difference was not significant statistically. In a pharmacology course, the students were taught by nurse lecturers expressed a higher level of satisfaction than those were taught by non-nurse lecturers, but the difference was not significant statistically. The students wanted to improve the quality of courses. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, we should try to improve the quality of classes and to increase the number of courses taught by nurse-lecturers.