• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.407-414
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• 2006

An X-ray diffractometer for spatially resolved X-ray diffraction measurements was developed to identify phase in the narrow (micron-scaled) region of high burn-up fuels and some nuclear materials. The micro-XRD was composed of an X-ray microbeam alignment system and a sample micro translation system instead of a normal slit and a fixed sample stage in a commercial XRD. The X-ray microbeam alignment system was fabricated with a microbeam concentrator having two Ni deposited mirrors, a vertical positioner, and a tilt table for the generation of a concentrated microbeam. The sample micro translation system was made with a sample holder and a horizontal translator, allowing movement of a specimen at $5{\mu}m$ steps. The angular intensity profile of the microbeam generated through a concentrator was symmetric and not distorted. The size of the microbeam was $4,000{\times}20{\mu}m$ and the spatial resolution of the beam was $47{\mu}m$ at the sample position. When the diffraction peaks were measured for a $UO_2$ pellet specimen by this system, the reproducibility ($2{\Theta}={\pm}0.01^{\circ}$) of the peaks was as good as a conventional X-ray diffractometer. For the cross section of oxidized titanium metal, not only $TiO_2$ in an outer layer but also TiO near an oxide-metal interface was observed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.7 no.1 s.13
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• pp.61-76
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• 2001

During the performance of large scale tidal land reclamation project along the coast line, the construction of large scale structures such as sea-dikes, closing estuaries will induce big changes of near-shore hydraulic behavior. In this paper, its is aimed to verify the change of tide and currents after the construction of sea-dike of the Saemangeum project along the coast line. Numerical scale model "TRISULA" which development by Delft Hydraulics in the Netherlands was used. "TRISULA" is adopting the finite difference numerical scheme, and mostly using for hydro-dynamic solution along the sea and estuaries. Model boundary is covering $100{\times}170$ Km and constructed with $133{\times}337$ grids. Outer side boundary is divided 48 sections, and input 37 tidal components are gained from another big scale numerical "Yellow Sea" model. Model calibrations & verifications were performed th field tide & current datas which were measured along sea-dike alignment during Aug. $1997{\sim}Apr$. 1999. And then, numerical simulation with the tide condition dated 17 Apr. 1999 was performed with & without sea-dike construction condition for the comparison. Evaluated boundary is 20 km out-side from sea-dike alignment. Four cross lanes were set up, each of lane contains 3 points, for the comparison of sea-dike construction effects. Results showing the tidal amplitude is reducing approximately 20 cm after the construction of sea-dike during spring tide condition, amplitude 6.9m. Currents after construction of sea-dikes along the alignment, the northern part shows 50%(inner), 90%(outer) and the southern part shows 10%(inner) 50%(outer) of the currents before construction.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.288-294
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• 2016

In modern ships, the shafting system often becomes stiff owing to the high engine power, whereas the hull structure becomes more flexible owing to optimization using high-tensile-strength thick steel plates; therefore, more sophisticated shaft alignments are required. In this study, strain gauge-based measurement was conducted under five vessel operating conditions and bearing reaction forces and hull deflections affecting shaft alignment were analyzed for a 50,000 dead weight tonnage oil/chemical tanker that has gained repute as an eco-friendly vessel in recent years. Furthermore, the analytical results from each technique-theoretical calculation, jacking ups, and strain gauges-were cross-checked against each other in order to enhance the degree of accuracy and reliability of the calculation.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.127-146
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• 2022

Recently, as word embedding has shown excellent performance in various tasks of deep learning-based natural language processing, researches on the advancement and application of word, sentence, and document embedding are being actively conducted. Among them, cross-language transfer, which enables semantic exchange between different languages, is growing simultaneously with the development of embedding models. Academia's interests in vector alignment are growing with the expectation that it can be applied to various embedding-based analysis. In particular, vector alignment is expected to be applied to mapping between specialized domains and generalized domains. In other words, it is expected that it will be possible to map the vocabulary of specialized fields such as R&D, medicine, and law into the space of the pre-trained language model learned with huge volume of general-purpose documents, or provide a clue for mapping vocabulary between mutually different specialized fields. However, since linear-based vector alignment which has been mainly studied in academia basically assumes statistical linearity, it tends to simplify the vector space. This essentially assumes that different types of vector spaces are geometrically similar, which yields a limitation that it causes inevitable distortion in the alignment process. To overcome this limitation, we propose a deep learning-based vector alignment methodology that effectively learns the nonlinearity of data. The proposed methodology consists of sequential learning of a skip-connected autoencoder and a regression model to align the specialized word embedding expressed in each space to the general embedding space. Finally, through the inference of the two trained models, the specialized vocabulary can be aligned in the general space. To verify the performance of the proposed methodology, an experiment was performed on a total of 77,578 documents in the field of 'health care' among national R&D tasks performed from 2011 to 2020. As a result, it was confirmed that the proposed methodology showed superior performance in terms of cosine similarity compared to the existing linear vector alignment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.251-259
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• 2006

For the electrification of the existing railways, the security of the restriction boundary of building with mechanistic stability research on the antiquated tunnel must be accomplished essentially. If the tunnel don't secure its restriction boundary of building, the reconstruction based on improvement of tunnel alignment are generated and its surveying data are required. The precise surveying was conducted with the same coordinate system for three tunnels of Youngdong tramline, and the restriction boundary of building of the straight and curve section were analyzed effectively by acquiring the data of profile and cross section, profile rail-height, rail-grade, cross tunnel height, and restriction boundary of building. This study is presented for valuation data of the stability of the electrification design to construct and analyze restriction boundary of building, which compared with the drawing and its existing design using profile and cross section. After this, it is interoperable to increase the development of real-time monitoring system on the tunnel structures.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.1823-1828
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• 2013

Tetraoxanes (1,2,4,5-tetraoxanes) have been reported to exhibit potent antimalarial activity. In the present study, the three dimensional-quantitative structure activity relationship (3D-QSAR) studies were performed on a series of tetraoxanes derivatives using comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA) techniques. The best predictive CoMFA model with atom fit alignment resulted in cross-validated coefficient ($q^2$) value of 0.719, non-cross-validated coefficient ($r^2$) value of 0.855 with standard error of estimate (SEE) 0.335. Similarly, the best predictive CoMSIA model was derived with $q^2$ of 0.739, $r^2$ of 0.847 and SEE of 0.344. The generated models were externally validated using test sets. The final QSAR models as well as the information gathered from 3D contour maps should be useful for the design of novel tetraoxanes having improved antimalarial activity.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.40-47
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• 2015

Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that has recently emerged as a promising target in drug discovery. It is involved in multiple cellular processes and associated with the pathogenesis of several diseases. A three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) analysis was performed on a series of GSK-3 inhibitors to understand the structural basis for inhibitory activity. Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) method was used to derive 3D-QSAR models. A reliable CoMFA model was developed using ligand-based alignment scheme. The model produced statistically acceptable results with a cross-validated correlation coefficient ($q^2$) of 0.594 and a non-cross-validated correlation coefficient ($r^2$) of 0.943. Robustness of the model was checked by bootstrapping and progressive scrambling analysis. This study could assist in the design of novel compounds with enhanced GSK-3 inhibitory activity.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.258-266
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• 2015

Xanthine Oxidase is an enzyme, which oxidizes hypoxanthine to xanthine, and xanthine to uric acid. It is widely distributed throughout various organs including the liver, gut, lung, kidney, heart, brain and plasma. It is involved in gout pathogenesis. In this study, we have performed Comparative Molecular Field Analysis (CoMFA) on a series of 2-(indol-5-yl) thiazole derivatives as xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitors to identify the structural variations with their inhibitory activities. Ligand based CoMFA models were generated based on atom-by-atom matching alignment. In atom-by-atom matching, the bioactive conformation of highly active molecule 11 was generated using systematic search. Compounds were aligned using the bioactive conformation and it is used for model generation. Different CoMFA models were generated using different alignments and the best model yielded a cross-validated $q^2$ of 0.698 with five components and non-cross-validated correlation coefficient ($r^2$) of 0.992 with Fisher value as 236.431, and an estimated standard error of 0.068. The predictive ability of the best CoMFA models was found to be $r^2_{pred}$0.653. The CoMFA study revealed that the $R_3$ position of the structure is important in influencing the biological activity of the inhibitors. Electro positive groups and bulkier substituents in this position enhance the biological activity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.201-209
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• 2023

Recently, fiber-reinforced composites have been widely used in various industrials fields. In this study, the mechanical behavior, especially fracture behavior, of biomimetic fiber-reinforced composites subjected to pressure loading was analyzed using finite element analysis (FEA). The fiber alignments in the biomimetic composites formed a helicoidal structure, wherein a stacking sequence involved a gradual rotation of each ply in the multi-layered laminated composites. For comparison, cross-ply composite samples with fibers arranged at 0° and 90° were prepared and analyzed. In addition, the mechanical behavior was analyzed based on combinations of the stacking sequence of carbon-fiber composites and glass-fiber composites. The FEA results showed that, when compared with the cross-ply samples, the mechanical properties of the biomimetic composites were considerably improved under pressure loading, which was applied to one side of the composites. Thus, the biomimetic helicoidal structure significantly improved the mechanical properties of the composites. Placing materials having high elasticity and strength in the outermost layers (the layer of the side on which pressure was applied and the opposite side layer) of the composites also significantly contributed to improving the mechanical properties of the composites.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.421-429
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the effects of arch support taping on static balance, static/dynamic foot contact area, and ground reaction force during walking according to the types of elastic tapes with mechanical elasticity differences. Design: Cross-sectional study Methods: Twenty-six participants selected for flexible flat feet through the navicular drop test were randomly assigned to non-taping, Dynamic-taping, and Mechano-taping conditions. Static balance and foot contact area were compared in the standing posture according to arch support taping conditions, and foot contact area and ground reaction force were compared during walking. Results: There was no significant difference in static balance according to the taping condition in the standing position, but the foot contact area in the Mechano-taping condition showed a significant decrease compared to the non-taping condition (p<0.05). The foot contact area during walking significantly decreased in the Dynamic-taping and Mechano-taping conditions (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the ground reaction force. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, it was confirmed that among the types of elastic taping, arch support taping using dynamic taping and Mechano-taping has the effect of supporting the arch with high elastic recovery. Any type of elastic tape can be used for arch alignment in flexible flat foot.