• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.187-194
• /
• 2002

It has been reported that cracks in mechanical joints is generally under mixed-mode and there is critical inclined angle at which mode I stress intensity factor becomes maximum. The crack propagates in arbitrary direction and thus the prediction of crack growth path is needed to provide against crack propagation or examine safety. In order to evaluate the fatigue life of cracks in mechanical joints, horizontal crack normal to the applied load and located on minimum cross section is major concern but critical inclined crack must also be considered. In this paper mixed-mode fatigue crack growth test is performed far horizontal crack and critical inclined crack in mechanical joints. Fatigue crack growth path is predicted by maximum tangential stress criterion using stress intensity factor obtained from weight function method, and fatigue crack growth rates of horizontal and inclined crack are compared.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정밀공학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.740-743
• /
• 2001

Sandwich structure is widely used in various fields of industry due to its excellent strength and stiffness compared with weight. We studied the sandwich structure which has honeycomb core type. We are concerned about its buckling and bending stress with respect to its side length, thickness and the height ratio of its unit core. After obtaining the buckling critical load of unit core, we applied it to the sandwich structure to observe the bending behavior. When we compared the buckling with bending stress under buckling critical load, we observed that models of which length ratio of unit honeycomb core, A, is lower than 0.04 and the thickness of core, t, is thicker than 0.09 mm, is subjected to the ultimate stress by bending before buckling.

• International Journal of Safety
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.27-30
• /
• 2008

In the 21st century, safety issues in the strained silicon industry, such as dislocation injection, should be carefully considered. This is because a microelectronic device usually contains sharp features (e.g., edges and corners) that may intensify stresses, inject dislocations into silicon, and ultimately cause the failure of the device. In this paper, critical residual stresses in various strained structures are calculated. It is confirmed that this model correctly predicts trends and the order of magnitude of critical residual stresses.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.49-59
• /
• 1989

The effect of non-metallic inclusions on the HAZ hydrogen induced cracking was investigated. Quench and temper high tensile strength steels containing various sulphur contents were employed. The sulphur contents range between 0.007% and 0.040%. Non-metallic inclusions were mainly MnS type sylphide and Mn-Al-Si type. The sensitivity of HAZ delayed cracking was evaluated by implant testing. Diffusible hydrogen content was varied by controlling the moisture absorbing condition of manual arc welding electrodes. The one was asreceived condition, the other was dipping the electrodes in the water for ten minutes. The main results obtained were as follows; 1) The results of implant test showed that critical stress increased with increasing S content up to 0.013%. But steel containing 0.040%S showed lower critical stress than that of 0.013% S. These result suggest that there will be optimum S content to prevent HAZ delayed cracking of high strength steels. 2) Under the lower D.H.C. level, critical stress was increased with rolling reduction, but higher D.H.C. level, effect of rolling reduction was not recognized.

• 한국해양공학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.53-65
• /
• 2011

This is the third of several companion papers dealing with the derivation of material constants for ductile failure criteria under hydrostatic stress. It was observed that the ultimate engineering stresses and elongations at fracture from tensile tests for round specimens with various notch radii tended to increase and decrease, respectively, because of the stress triaxiality. The engineering stress curves from tests are compared with numerical simulation results, and it is proved that the curves from the two approaches very closely coincide. Failure strains are obtained from the equivalent plastic strain histories from numerical simulations at the time when the experimental engineering stress drops suddenly. After introducing the new concept of average stress triaxiality and accumulated average strain energy, the material constants of the Johnson-Cook failure criterion for critical energies of 100%, 50%, and 15% are presented. The experimental results obtained for EH-36 steel were in relatively good agreement with the 100% critical energy, whereas the literature states that aluminum fits with a 15% critical energy. Therefore, it is expected that a unified failure criterion for critical energy, which is available for most kinds of ductile materials, can be provided according to the used materials.

• 소성∙가공
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.137-143
• /
• 2001

The change of flow stress due to dynamic recrystallization during hot forming process is investigated. A series of mechanical tests has been conducted at various temperatures, and constitutive relations and recrystallization kinetics were formulated from the test results. The effect of dynamic recrystallization to the flow stress was implemented to a commercial FEM code by conditioned remapping of state variables. The datum strain of stress compensation was optimized to minimize the overestimation of forming loads. Suggested datum was formulated as an exclusive function of critical strain for recrystallizalion and validated by mechanical tests and microstructural observations.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.261-279
• /
• 2005

The hot spot stress approach is usually adopted in the fatigue design and analysis of tubular welded joints. To apply the hot spot stress approach for fatigue evaluation of long span suspension bridges, the FEM is used to determine the hot spot stress of critical fatigue location. Using the local finite element models of the Tsing Ma Bridge, typical joints are developed and the stress concentration factors are determined. As a case for study, the calculated stress concentration factor is combined with the nominal representative stress block cycle to obtain the representative hot spot stress range cycle block under traffic loading from online health monitoring system. A comparison is made between the nominal stress approach and the hot spot stress approach for fatigue life evaluation of the Tsing Ma Bridge. The comparison result shows that the nominal stress approach cannot consider the most critical stress of the fatigue damage location and the hot spot stress approach is more appropriate for fatigue evaluation.

• 열처리공학회지
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.118-126
• /
• 2002

TiCN thin films were deposited on tool steels at $510^{\circ}C$ by PECVD from a $TiCl_4+N_2+CH_4+H_2+Ar$ gaseous mixture. The microstructures and preferred orientation were investigated. The micro-scratch tests were performed using a system equipped with an acoustic emission sensor. Critical loads were determined to evaluate the adhesion of TiCN to substrate. The influences of the microstructures of substrates, double layered coatings, and coatings after nitriding(duplex coating) were investigated. The experimental results showed that the microstructures of substrates and double layered coating did not affect the critical loads considerably. By the duplex coating, critical loads were not always increased. In some cases, duplex coatings decreased critical loads significantly despite of absence of black layer. In this study, we tried to relate the results of scratch test to the residual stress analysis. Nitriding before the coating reduces the tensile residual stress in the film, which gives rise to low critical load in scratch test.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제55권12호
• /
• pp.4647-4658
• /
• 2023

In this paper, elastic-plastic fracture mechanics analysis is performed to determine the critical crack sizes of the multipurpose canister (MPC) manufactured using austenitic stainless steel under dynamic loading conditions that simulate drop accidents. Firstly, dynamic finite element (FE) analysis is performed using Abaqus v.2018 with the KORAD (Korea Radioactive Waste Agency)-21 model under two drop accident conditions. Through the FE analysis, critical locations and through-thickness stress distributions in the MPC are identified, where the maximum plastic strain occurs during impact loadings. Then, the evaluation using the failure assessment diagram (FAD) is performed by postulating an external surface crack at the critical location to determine the critical crack depth. It is found that, for the drop cases considered in this paper, the principal failure mechanism for the circumferential surface crack is found to be the plastic collapse due to dominant high bending axial stress in the thickness. For axial cracks, the plastic collapse is also the dominant failure mechanism due to high membrane hoop stress, followed by the ductile tearing analysis. When incorporating the strain rate effect on yield strength and fracture toughness, the critical crack depth increases from 10 to 20%.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제36권4호
• /
• pp.5-15
• /
• 2020

본 논문은 점성토의 응력-변형률 관계를 모사하기 위해 한계 상태 이론을 기반으로 하여 수정한 Modified Cam-Clay 파괴면을 제안한다. 평균유효응력과 von Mises 응력의 공간에서 타원형상의 파괴면을 가지는 Modified Cam-Clay 모델의 경우, 강성 및 발달법칙 미적용시, 비배수 전단조건하에 한계상태 평균유효응력은 선행압밀 평균유효응력의 절반이 되며, 이는 실제 점성토의 거동과 차이가 있다. 본 연구에서는 선행압밀 평균유효응력은 점성토의 압밀이력으로 정량화되고, 한계상태 평균유효응력은 점성토의 현재 간극비로 산정되어, 이 둘간의 비율이 고정되지 않는 찌그러진 형태의 파괴면을 제안한다. 제안된 파괴면을 항복평면으로 가정하고, 비배수 삼축압축 거동을 모사한 결과, 실내 실험 결과와 유사한 결과를 얻을 수 있었다