• Rapid Communication in Photoscience
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.42-45
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• 2013

Natural photosynthesis utilizes solar energy to convert carbon dioxide and water to energy-rich carbohydrates. Substantial use of sunlight to meet world energy demands requires energy storage in useful fuels via chemical bonds because sunlight is intermittent. Artificial photosynthesis research focuses the fundamental natural process to design solar energy conversion systems. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ($NAD^+$) and $NADP^+$ are ubiquitous as electron transporters in biological systems. Enzymatic, chemical, and electrochemical methods have been reported for NADH regeneration. As photochemical systems, visible light-driven catalytic activity of NADH regeneration was carried out using platinum nanoparticles, molecular rhodium and cobalt complexes in the presence of triethanolamine as a sacrificial electron donor. Pt nanoparticles showed photochemical NADH regeneration activity without additional visible light collector molecules, demonstrating that both photoactivating and catalytic activities exist together in Pt nanoparticles. The NADH regeneration of the Pt nanoparticle system was not interfered with the reduction of $O_2$. Molecular cobalt complexes containing dimethylglyoxime ligands also transfer their hydrides to $NAD^+$ with photoactivation of eosin Y in the presence of TEOA. In this photocatalytic reaction, the $NAD^+$ reduction process competed with a proton reduction.

• 한국의학물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국의학물리학회 2002년도 Proceedings
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• pp.331-334
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• 2002

It has been reported that maximum-likelihood position-estimation (MLPE) algorithms offer advantages of improved spatial resolution and linearity over conventional Anger algorithm in gamma cameras. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performances of the noise models, Poisson and Gaussian, in MLPE for the localization of photons in a small gamma camera (SGC) using NaI(Tl) plate and PSPMT. The SGC consists of a single NaI(Tl) crystal, 10 cm diameter and 6 mm thick, optically coupled to a PSPMT (Hamamatsu R3292-07). The PSPMT was read out using a resistive charge divider, which multiplexes 28(X) by 28(Y) cross wire anodes into four channels. Poisson and Gaussian based MLPE methods have been implemented using experimentally measured light response functions. The system resolutions estimated by Poisson and Gaussian based MLPE were 4.3 mm and 4.0 mm, respectively. Integral uniformities were 29.7% and 30.6%, linearities were 1.5 mm and 1.0 mm and count rates were 1463 cps and 1388 cps in Poisson and Gaussian based MLPE, respectively. The results indicate that Gaussian based MLPE, which is convenient to implement, has better performances and is more robust to statistical noise than Poisson based MLPE.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2020

Purpose: This study examined the effects of action observational training to improve the gait function for patients with stroke. Methods: The participants were divided into two groups: right hemiplegia group (n=12) and left hemiplegia group (n=12). All groups received conventional therapy for five sessions for 30 minutes, each for three weeks. Left and right hemiplegia group practiced additional action observational training for five sessions for 20 minutes each for three weeks. They participated in three weeks of action observational training coupled with immediate physical practice (intervention), followed by a final assessment. The duration of each action observation video sequence was 10 minutes, followed immediately by practice of the observed motor skill (10 minutes). The gait velocity, cadence, swing time, step length, and BOS (base of support) were examined using the GAITRite system. Results: The results of this study showed significant improvement in the gait function. The outcomes of the gait abilities from gait velocity, cadence, swing time, step length of the affected side, and BOS (base of support) were improved significantly in the right hemiplegia group (p<0.05). In the left hemiplegia group, there was no significant improvement in the gait velocity, cadence, and BOS except for the swing time and step length of the affected side. The left and right group comparisons between the groups were not significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: Action observation training improves the gait function. These results suggest that action observational training is feasible and suitable for stroke patients.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.92-98
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• 2016

본 논문은 Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) 카메라를 이용한 열화상의 실시간 추정과 화재경보에 대하여 논한 것으로 각도 및 위치에 따른 특징점 분석과 동일 형상의 벡터 성분 좌표점 설정에 따른 이미지 융합이 잘 되었다. 영상을 Display하는 픽셀의 데이터 값은 0~255, 센서 출력값은 0~5,000로 하여 정확성이 높았다. 시험결과 시험체로부터 500 m, 1000 m, 1500 m 거리에서 화염에 의한 시험체의 작동시간은 각각 7초, 26초, 62초 소요 되었고 화면이미지 생성이 효과적으로 이루어졌다. 화재 발생 진단은 주의/경보/화재의 3단계로 프로그램하여 Alarm의 순차적 동작과 SNS 전송이 이루어졌다. 비화재보시험을 위해 백열등, 형광등에 대해 시험하였으나 모두 비화재보를 발생하지 않았다. 시간대별 화염의 변화영상과 진행방향 및 확산속도의 분석은 화재진행상황 예측이나 열화상 실시간 추정과 경보로 비화재보 감소가 가능함을 확인하였다.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.217-232
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• 2015

To prevent over-testing of the test-item during random vibration testing Scharton proposed and discussed the force limited random vibration testing (FLVT) in a number of publications. Besides the random vibration specification, the total mass and the turn-over frequency of the load (test item), $C^2$ is a very important parameter for FLVT. A number of computational methods to estimate $C^2$ are described in the literature, i.e., the simple and the complex two degrees of freedom system, STDFS and CTDFS, respectively. The motivation of this work is to evaluate the method for the computation of a realistic value of $C^2$ to perform a representative random vibration test based on force limitation, when the adjacent structure (source) description is more or less unknown. Marchand discussed the formal description of getting $C^2$, using the maximum PSD of the acceleration and maximum PSD of the force, both at the interface between load and source. Stevens presented the coupled systems modal approach (CSMA), where simplified asparagus patch models (parallel-oscillator representation) of load and source are connected, consisting of modal effective masses and the spring stiffness's associated with the natural frequencies. When the random acceleration vibration specification is given the CSMA method is suitable to compute the value of the parameter $C^2$. When no mathematical model of the source can be made available, estimations of the value $C^2$ can be find in literature. In this paper a probabilistic mathematical representation of the unknown source is proposed, such that the asparagus patch model of the source can be approximated. The chosen probabilistic design parameters have a uniform distribution. The computation of the value $C^2$ can be done in conjunction with the CSMA method, knowing the apparent mass of the load and the random acceleration specification at the interface between load and source, respectively. Data of two cases available from literature have been analyzed and discussed to get more knowledge about the applicability of the probabilistic method.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.229-249
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• 2017

A new technique to mitigate irregular buildings with soil structure interaction (SSI) effect subjected to critical seismic waves is presented. The L-shape in plan irregular building for various reasons was selected, subjected to seismic a load which is a big problem for structural design especially without separation gap. The L-shape in plan building with different dimensions was chosen to study, with different rectangularity ratios and various soil kinds, to show the effect of the irregular building on the seismic response. A 3D building subjected to critical earthquake was analyzed by structural analysis program (SAP2000) fixed and with SSI (three types of soils were analyzed, soft, medium and hard soils) to find their effect on top displacement, base shear, and base torsion. The straining actions were appointed and the treatment of the effect of irregular shape under critical earthquake was made by using tuned mass damper (TMD) with different configurations with SSI and without. The study improve the success of using TMDs to mitigate the effect of critical earthquake on irregular building for both cases of study as fixed base and raft foundation (SSI) with different TMDs parameters and configurations. Torsion occurs when the L-shape in plan building subjected to earthquake which may be caused harmful damage. TMDs parameters which give the most effective efficiency in the earthquake duration must be defined, that will mitigate these effects. The parameters of TMDs were studied with structure for different rectangularity ratios and soil types, with different TMD configurations. Nonlinear time history analysis is carried out by SAP2000 with El Centro earthquake wave. The numerical results of the parametric study help in understanding the seismic behavior of L-shape in plan building with TMDs mitigation system.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제44권4호통권316호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2007

고성능 네트워크와 분산처리구조가 병렬처리와 함께 결합되면, 전체적인 디지털 신호처리 시스템의 계산능력, 신뢰도, 다양성을 향상시킨다. 본 논문에서는, 발전된 형태의 수중레이더 (sonar) 알고리즘인 수중정합장처리 (Matched-Field Processing MFP)를 위한 병렬처리 알고리즘을 디자인하고 다중 DSP 프로세서 기반의 병렬처리 시스템 상에서 성능분석과 함께 최적의 병렬처리 솔루션을 제안한다. 각각의 병렬 알고리즘은 특정한 도메인에서 주어진 계산량을 분산시키며 이를 통한 속도향상을 추구한다. 필요한 연산량과 형태에 따라서 병렬 알고리즘은 각기 다른 성능향상을 보여준다. 또한, 알고리즘의 계산량 분산방식 프로세서간의 통신방식, 알고리즘의 복잡도, 프로세서의 속도, 목적하는 시스템의 구성에 따라서 다양한 성능지표를 보여준다. 제안하는 주파수와 출력값 기반의 병렬 알고리즘은 상당한 계산량을 요구하는 수중정합처리 알고리즘을 적절히 다중 프로세서에 균형 있게 분산시켜 프로세서의 개수와 비례하는 성능향상을 보여주고 있다.

• 한국자기학회:학술대회 개요집
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• 한국자기학회 2003년도 하계학술연구발표회 및 한.일 공동심포지엄
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• pp.220-221
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• 2003

Equiatomic FePt and CoPt alloy thin films have received considerable attention as possible magnetic and magneto-optic recording because of their high magnetic anisotropy energy and high coercivity. The high coercivity in these thin films is due to the presence of finely dispersed ordered FePt phase mixed with disordered FePt phase. However, a high temperature treatment, either substrate heating during deposition or post annealing, is needed to obtain the ordered L1$\_$0/ phase with high value of magneto crystalline anisotropy. Recent microstructural studies on these films suggest that the average grain size ranges from 10-50 nm and the grains are magnetically coupled between each other. On the other hand, the ultrahigh-density magnetic recording media with low media noise imposes the need of a material, which consists of magnetically isolated grains with size below 10 nm. The magnetic grain isolation can be controlled by the amount of additional non-magnetic element in the system which determines the interparticle separation and therefore the interparticle interactions. Recently, much research work has been done on various non-magnetic matrices. Preliminary studies showed that the samples prepared in B$_2$O$_3$ and Carbon matrices have shown strong perpendicular anisotropy and fine grain size down to 4nm, which suggest these nanocomposite films are very promising and may lead to the realization of a magnetic medium capable of recording densities beyond 1 Tb/in$^2$. So, in this work, the effect of Carbon doping on the magnetic properties of FePt nanoparticles were investigated.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제29권12호
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• pp.1164-1170
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• 2006

A triptolide-lysozyme (TP-LZM) conjugate was synthesized to achieve renal specific delivery and to reduce the side effects of triptolide. Triptolide was coupled to lysozyme through succinic via an ester bond with an average coupling degree of 1 mol triptolide per 1 mol lysozyme. The lysozyme can specifically accumulate in the proximal tubular cells of the kidney, making it a potential carrier for targeting drugs to the kidney. The structure of triptolide succinate (TPS) was confirmed by IR, $^{1}H-NMR$, MS and UV. The concentrations of triptolide in various samples were determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In this study, the physicochemical and stability profiles of TP-LZM under various conditions were investgated the stability and releasing profiles of triptolide-lysozyme (TP-LZM) under various conditions. In vitro release trails showed triptolide-lysozyme was relatively stable in plasma (less than 30% of free triptolide released) and could release triptolide quickly in lysosome (more than 80% of free triptolide released) at $37^{\circ}C$ for 24 h. In addition, the biological activities of the conjugate on normal rat kidney proximal tubular cells (NRK52E) were also tested. The conjugate can effectively reduce NO production in the medium of NRK52E induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) but with much lower toxicity. These studies suggest the possibility to promote curative effect and reduce its extra-renal toxicity of triptolide by TP-LZM conjugate.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.402-407
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• 2016

Ground-coupled heat pump systems have been widely used, as they are regarded as a renewable energy source and ensure a high annual efficiency. Among the system components, borehole heat exchangers (BHE) play an important role in decreasing the entering water temperature (EWT) to heat pumps in the cooling season, and consequently improve the COP. The optimal sizing of the BHEs is crucial for a successful project. Other than the existing sizing methods, a simulation-based design tool is more applicable for modern complex geothermal systems, and it may also be useful since design and engineering works operate on the same platform. A simulation-based sizing method is proposed in this study using the well-known Duct STorage (DST) model in Trnsys. TRNOPT, the Trnsys optimization tool, is used to search for an optimal value of the length of BHEs under given ground loads and ground properties. The result shows that a maximum EWT of BHEs during a design period (10 years) successfully approaches the design EWT while providing an optimal BHE length. Compared to the existing design tool, very similar lengths are calculated by both methods with a small error of 1.07%.