• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.233-240
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• 2010

Derivatives of a novel natural compunds, melanostatin (PLG-$NH_2$) were prepared by solid phase synthesis[1,2] and assayed to evaluate their melanogensis inhibitory activity. Also, a small library (natural compound-XLG-$NH_2$, natural compound-X LG-OH) was prepared with same method for increasing synthetic yield and cost-reduction. PLG-$NH_2$ (Proline-Leucine-Glycine-$NH_2$) was well-known tripeptide as its $\alpha$-MSH release-inhibiting activity and tyrosinase inhibitory activity[3-5]. In order to choose best candidate for peptide derivatization, various natural compounds were screened by their tyrosinase inhibitory activity. As a result, caffeic acid and coumaric acid were selected. Most of these derivatives showed better activities than the parent natural compound, melanostatin.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.809-816
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• 2019

The ubiquitous plant metabolite p-coumaric acid (p-CA) has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, but its anti-cancer activity has not been established in gastric cancer cell lines. In this study, we investigated the effects of p-CA on the proliferation and transcriptome profile of SNU16 gastric cancer cells. Treatment with p-CA induced apoptosis of the SNU-16 cells by regulating the expression of pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins, such as Bcl-2, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), Bax, procaspase-3, and cleaved-caspase-3. The genes differentially expressed in response to p-CA treatment of the SNU-16 cells were identified by RNA sequencing analysis. Genes regulated by p-CA were involved mainly in the inflammatory response, apoptotic processes, cell cycle, and immune response. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis indicated that the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-Akt and cancer signaling pathways were altered by p-CA. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis also revealed that p-CA treatment was correlated with differential expression of genes associated with the inflammatory response and cancer. Collectively, these results suggest that p-CA has potential utility in gastric cancer prevention.

• BMB Reports
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• v.42 no.9
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• pp.561-567
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• 2009

Although many plant-derived phenolic compounds display antioxidant effects in biological systems, their mechanism of action remains controversial. In this study, the mechanism by which p-coumaric acid (p-CA) performs its antioxidant action was investigated in bovine aortic endothelial cells under oxidative stress due to high levels of glucose (HG) and arachidonic acid (AA), a free fatty acid. p-CA prevented lipid peroxidation and cell death due to HG+AA without affecting the production of reactive oxygen species. The antioxidant effect of p-CA was not decreased by buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine, an inhibitor of cellular GSH synthesis. In contrast, pretreatment with p-CA caused the induction of peroxidases that decomposed t-butyl hydroperoxide in a p-CA-dependent manner. Furthermore, the antioxidant effect of p-CA was significantly mitigated by methimazole, which was shown to inhibit the catalytic activity of 'p-CA peroxidases' in vitro. Therefore, it is suggested that the induction of these previously unidentified 'p-CA peroxidases' is responsible for the antioxidant effect of p-CA.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.4019-4023
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• 2016

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) or bowel cancer is one of the most important cancer diseases, needing serious attention. The cell surface receptor gene human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) may have an important role in provoking CRC. In this pharmaceutical era, it is always attempted to identify plant-based drugs for cancer, which will have less side effects for human body, unlike the chemically synthesized marketed drugs having serious side effects. So, in this study the authors tried to assess the activity of two important plant compounds, ferulic acid (FA) and p-coumaric acid (pCA), on CRC. Materials and Methods: FA and pCA were tested for their cytotoxic effects on the human CRC cell line HCT 15 and also checked for the level of gene expression of EGFR by real time PCR analysis. Positive results were confirmed by in silico molecular docking studies using Discovery Studio (DS) 4.0. The drug parallel features of the same compounds were also assessed in silico. Results: Cytotoxicity experiments revealed that both the compounds were efficient in killing CRC cells on a controlled concentration basis. In addition, EGFR expression was down-regulated in the presence of the compounds. Docking studies unveiled that both the compounds were able to inhibit EGFR at its active site. Pharmacokinetic analysis of these compounds opened up their drug like behaviour. Conclusions: The findings of this study emphasize the importance of plant compounds for targeting diseases like CRC.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.93-100
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• 1991

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is a common cultivated and wild deciduous tree in the temperate regions of Pakistan and elsewhere. A bare or poor understorey of wild or cultivated species is frequently observed beneath and around it. Soil analysis indicated insignificant differences in nutrient status of soils taken from areas with or without walnut influence. Field investigations revealed that the height, shoot, fresh and dry weight of potato, turnip, corn and bean significantly decreased in the walnut-influenced parts of the field compared to their counter-parts in the same field but without walnut influence. Aqueous extracts from various parts, shoot litter, natural rain leachates and soil collected from beneath walnut significantly reduced the germination, early seedling growth, fresh and dry weight, and moisture contents of corn, turnip and bean in various laboratory experiments. Ferulic, p-coumaric, caffeic, vanillic, jJ-hydroxybenzoic, chlorogenic and gallic acid were identified as the possible allelopathic substances in the aquous extracts and rain leachates of the walnut tree. The findings suggest that the observed poor growth of crops is due to allelopathic effects of walnut.walnut.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.166-170
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• 2016

Collagen plays a vital role in the maintenance of structure and function of a human body. It has been widely applied in various fields including biomedical, cosmeceutical, food, pharmaceutical and tissue engineering. In the present study, the docking behaviour of type I collagen with 15 different ligands namely hydroxymethylfurfural, methylglyoxal, methylsyringate, O-methoxyacetophenone, 3-phenyllactic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, kojic acid, lumichrome, galangin, artoindonesianin F, caffeic acid, 4-coumaric acid, origanol A, thymoquinone and quercetin was evaluated along with their putative binding sites using Discovery Studio Version 3.1. Docking studies and binding free energy calculations revealed that origanol A has maximum interaction energy (-40.48 kcal/mol) and quercetin with the least interaction energy (-15.44 kcal/mol) as compared to the other investigated ligands. Three ligands which are galangin, methylsyringate and origanol A were shown to interact with Asp21 amino acid residue of chain B (type I collagen). Therefore, it is strongly suggested that the outcomes from the present study might provide new insight in understanding these 15 ligands as potential type I collagen modulators for the prevention of collagen associate disorders.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.671-674
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• 1994

The anti-inflammatory and analgesic action of the components isolated from some edible plants carried out. We isolated the quercitrin, compound 3 and o-counmaric acid from Cedrela sinensis, Oenanthe javanica and Artemisia princeps var. Orientalis respectively. O-coumaric acid showed the inhibitory effect on carrageenin-induced edema as well as vascular permeability in mice. And we also found the analgesic activity in all compounds isolated from these plants.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nutrition Society Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.290.2-290
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• 2001

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.389-394
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• 2001

This study was conducted to investigate the flavonoid contents of Korean propolis. The total flavonoids content measured by spectrophotometer of Yecheon, Youngwol, Brazilian, Chinese. Aus- tralian propolis were 6.33, 6.43, 2.44, 6.52 and 8.11mg/g. The p-coumaric acid content of Yecheon and Youngwol propolis were 5.58 and 6.84mg/100g, respectively. Luteolin, however, was not detected both in Yecheon and Youngwol, respectively. the quercetin content of Yecheon and Youngwol propolis revealed between 0.41 to 0.53%, however, overseas propolis was not detected. The t-cinnamic acid of Brazilian propolis was 7.92% and Chinese propolis was 8.74%. And than, the t-cinnamic acid of Chinese propolis was not detected.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.721-726
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• 1996

Fatty acid composition and phenolic acid content of rice with different milling fractions were analyzed to provide basic data for nutrition, processing and storage of rice. Major fatty acids of rice were palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids and their respective contents were 20.0%, 33.3% and 43.0% of embryo, 17.3%, 45.1% and 34.5% of rice bran and 23.4%, 26.2% and 46.1% of milled rice. Outer fraction had a high content of oleic acid but a low content of linoleic acid in rice bran. As milling yields increased in milled rice, oleic acid content increased, but palmitic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid and linolenic acid contents decreased. Contents of free, esterified and insoluble bound phenolic acid extracts from bran were 321.0mg%, 299.7mg% and 212.4mg%, respectively. Milled rice contained 118.0mg% of free phenolic acids, 56.0mg% of insoluble bound phenolic acids and no esterified phenolic acids. Rice bran contained 86.2% of ferulic acid as a principal phenolic acid. It also contained 35.7~36.6% of sinapic and syringic acids, 16.7% of p-coumaric acid and 0.13% of vanillic acid as minor component. Contents of total phenolic acid, expressed in terms of tannic acid, among rice with different milling fractions was highest in embryo. It was higher in outer fraction in bran, but rarely detected as fractionation of the component with milling in milled rice.