• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.19-34
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• 2007

The purpose of this research was to investigate the image dimension depending on the coloration of the Korean jacket of cromatic colors and the Korean skirt of acromatic color and to elucidate the image difference depending on the tone variation of the Korean jacket and the Korean skirt. The experimental materials used for this study were sets of stimulus and response scales(7 point semantic). The stimuli manipulated by computer simulation were 48 color pictures with various combinations of colors of jackets and skirts. The subjects were 576 female undergraduates living in Jinju city. This experiment was based on the $3{\times}4{\times}4$ factorial designs: jacket color(red, yellow and green), jacket tone(vivid, light, dull and dark), and skirt tone(N9, N7, N4 and N2). Image factor of the stimuli consisted of 4 different dimensions(youthfulness and activity, gracefulness, visibility and tenderness). Among them, the youthfulness and activity, and the gracefulness were important. According to the tone variation of Korean jacket of cromatic colors and Korean skirt of acromatic color, the images for a wearer were expressed diversely and showed the difference in image dimensions.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.179-191
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• 2008

This study investigated Korean image preferences in casual wear of women consumers and the effects of demographic characteristics on Korean image preferences in casual wear. The subjects of the study were 653 women consumers who lived in Seoul. Data were collected during July, 2007. Statistical analyses used in the study were frequency, ANOVA and Duncan test. The results showed that respondents preferred to express Korean image by color in their casual wear. When it comes to specific preferences for pattern, fabric, and color, circular shape was most preferred as pattern, cotton was most preferred as fabric, and white color was most preferred as color. In addition, there were demographic differences in regard to preferences for pattern, fabric, color, and types of casual wear. The results showed that there were differences in age, occupation, income, and residence. For example, in regard to age, there were differences in the preferences for fabric, color, and types of casual wear. The older respondents preferred natural fabrics more while the younger respondents seemed to accept synthetic fabrics in their casual wear. Also, women aged over 40 preferred cotton pants for their casual wear. This study showed that demographic characteristics are important variables in segmenting the preferences of Korean image for casual wear market.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2008

Yellow, one of the five direction colors, is a prevailing color in artificial dyeing. The color has implied and symbolized wealth and power since ancient times. Yellow has been extracted mainly from flowers. Shapes, colors and scents of flowers not only have enriched emotional mentality, but have also been used for medicinal herbs, and dyestuff since the very old days. Coloring matter from flowers is very beautiful, and it has been used for dyeing textiles. Textile dyeing have formed a color culture and developed a dyeing culture since ancient times. Flowers include a variety of color matters, and can be easily obtained around us. Therefore, flowers have been a widespread natural dyestuff. It is well known that beautiful colors can be extracted from flowers, which are eco-friendly and non-polluting. In addition, flowers are easily provided. In this study, yellow wild flowers were selected as subjects. Seven flowers with color matters distiguishable through the naked eye were used: Korean forsythia, golden-wave, Mongolian dandelion, sunflower, conflower, chelidonium and chrysanthemum. Coloring matters were extracted from the seven flowers, which have been used to create a variety of colors through various dyestuffs; and the colors have been analyzed and presented. Dyeing and coloring matters were tested and analyzed, and several types of dyestuff had also been scientifically measured after treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.2
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• pp.51-64
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• 1978

In reviewing our costume history, it is noted that costume bas been used as a yard stick for symboliying various social status. During the Lee Dynasty in which confucianism was the predominant religion, costume color, design and its fabric varied distinctly according to class, sex, age, occasion, et al. As in other field of our culture, costume was influenced by the Chinese culture. Although gilding was derived from the Chinese-originated gold-spun fabrics, no credit and praise should be spared for our ancestors of the Lee Dynasty who developed gilding artistry as our own. The use of gilded costume was confined to the formal court wear rather than casual wear even in court and to the nobles than to the commoners. Even among the nobles, gilding designs variously classified were used to distinguish the class. However, the modernization triggered by fores-Japan Annexation Treaty destroyed the traditional cable systems, thereby the limited use of gilding has yielded to the vast demand on the part of general populace.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.50 no.8
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• pp.57-66
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• 2000

The purpose of this study describe about aesthetic of korean art and costume. Therefore we understand the beauty of korean style well. Methods of this study are the analyst of the paper before published on the aesthetic and costume aesthetic. Especially in the global postmodern age. the understanding of the value of korean beauty and costume are very Important. This study define of the special character. That is as follows. 1) Beauty of form a. Harmony of line different character b. Composition of plane make super space aesthetic c. Beauty of asymmetric, non formal, freedom of dressed man d. Beauty of symbolic color 2) Beauty of mend a. Aesthetic of the north nomads feeling b. View of the naturalism c. Ceremony of confucianism d. Preservation of original form, koreanization from heterogeneity

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.159-169
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• 2000

The purpose of this study Is to research the clothing and textiles recorded in Heikemonokatary which was written from 1131 to 1198. The research materials are 36 kinds of men's clothes and ornaments, 6 kinds of women's things, 10 kinds of colorings and 6 kinds of textiles. The results of this study are as follow : 1. There were many advanced warriors' clothes. Especially the helmets and armors were very gorgeous. The shapes of warriors' knives, arrows, shields were concretely described. The women's clothes were mostly unchanged from Nara period and Heian period. Women wore clothes on their heads when they went out. 2. One particular thing in color is that the brown color of that period was navy blue which is symbolic of victory. There were some textiles which was woven with the boiled silk thread in the latitude and the raw silk thread in the longitude. Besides, the blackening of teeth, the bobbed haler of boys, and the celebration of one's corning of age were described in the book.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.9-15
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• 2002

Compared with synthetic dyes, natural dyes have inferior colorfastness as a result of the exposure of the material to any environment that may be encountered during the processing, testing, storage, display or use of the dyed materials. Especially, colors on fabrics fade excessively after washing. Therefore, it is problem to infer the historic textiles with natural-dyed fabrics. The object of this study is to analyse the factors affected to colorfastness and color change during washing. In experimental, fifteen natural dyes were dyed by the Korean traditional dyeing methods onto natural fiber fabrics: cotton, silk, ramie, and flex. Total 49 dyed fabrics in combination with dyes and fibers were used for the specimen. The Launder-Ometer was used for evaluating the effects of exposure to repetitive washing from 1 to 20 washing cycles (KS K 0430). Color difference(ΔE) in the CIEL＊A＊B＊ color-order system were determined by spectrophotometer at 100 bserver. Washing caused significant changes in the color of natural-dyed fabrics. The degree and nature of color changes on the fabrics were dependent on the combination of fiber and the dye type used. The groups of violet(Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb.et Zucc) and black color(Ailanthus altissima Swingle, Phus trichocarpa Miq) yielded excellent colorfastness to repetitive washing. The group of indigo blue color(Polygonum tinctorium Lour.) was also very resistant to color change in washing except silk. Whereas the dye groups of Red, Yellow, Orange, Brown colors indicated greatest changes in color, particularly Carthamus tinctorius L.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.55-66
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• 2004

The objectives of this study were to examine how image evaluation and preference of women's clothing color vary according to perceiver's culture, gender, and clothing color; to investigate the differences of image evaluation according to body type and the clothing color; and to disclose what image affects to the clothing color preference of Korean and American. Subjects were 388 Korean and 363 American college men and women. The American evaluated the wearer more elegant, feminine, and neater than the Korean did. Clothing color gave significant influence on perception of all image variables. Koreans showed that red and blue color shirts were perceived to be individualistic. Koreans considered blue, indigo, purple, gray, and black were perceived to be less feminine. This means that they evaluated the colors of blue range and low chroma were masculine according to their traditional attitude. Women were more attracted by indigo and purple, while men tended to evaluate yellow as an appealing color. The evaluation of sociability varied depending on the perceiver's culture and clothing colors. The corpulent body type had negative evaluation rather than the ordinary one without the relation with the color of clothing for Koreans and Americans. The evaluation of sociability of Americans had an interaction effect by the body type and clothing color. Attractiveness gave the first significant influences on clothing color preference, and the next came individual(-) and splendid image for Korean men. The individual image gave Korean men to be negative effect. Attractiveness, elegance, and sociable image gave significant influences on clothing color preference in Korean women. For American men, elegance gave the first significant influences on clothing color preference, and the next came sociability and neatness, while elegance was the first and the next came sociability and attractiveness for American women.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.889-902
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• 2011

The purposes of this study were to identify point makeup purchasing and using behavior according to the personal color awareness. Most women considered their favorite color first when purchasing lipsticks and skin color when purchasing cheek powder or foundation. They considered makeup concept first when applying lipsticks, eye shadows, and cheek powder but skin color applying foundations and manicures. Factors of personal color awareness were preferences & utilization awareness, other's advice, and direct awareness, and were segmented into PC intermediate group, high PC group, and PC retard group. PC intermediate group were in the late 20's and the early 30's, average incomes with high education, and patronized discount stores for point makeups, used fashion color as a criterion when selecting lipsticks, foundations, and manicures, apparel color when applying eye shadows, skin color when applying cheek creams, and preferred imported lipsticks and manicures. High PC group were among unmarried women in the early 20's, university students, high income households with medium level of pocket money, spent more for point makeup, and patronized department stores and internet shopping mall, used skin color or fashion color as criteria when selecting point makeup, referenced makeup concept when applying point makeup, preferred imported point makeup. PC retard group were among married women in the late 30's with low education and low income, spent less for point makeup and pocket money, and selected domestic point makeup, used their favorite color as a criterion when selecting point makeups and apparel color when applying lipsticks and cheek creams.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.138-145
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• 2001

This study aims to compare the beauty of costume in the Gothic with that of Renaissance periods. By analyzing the beauty of costume which reflects the ideal of the age, this study attempts to provide the insight which can predict the beauty of future costume The characteristics of Gothic costume is the from of the loose enveloping of the body, which can be accounted for from the influence the Christian religion, and the emphasis on the vertical line influenced by the steeple in the Gothic architecture expressing the enthusiasm of the religion. The emphasis on height in the Gothic cathedrals was reflected in the hennin, pointed shoes, and lengthy sleeves of Gothic dress. The beauty of Gothic costume lies in the from of slender, the emphases on the vertical line, the we of heraldry and parti-color, and pointed hat and shoe. The Renaissance architecture shows a broad horizontal appearance. There is the similarity between the Renaissance costume and Renaissance architecture. The beauty of Renaissance costume lies in the form of the exposing body, the exaggerated silhouette, the emphasis on the horizontal line, the use of ruff and slash in order to display the beauty of human body and the beauty of cubic. The ideal beauty of Gothic and Renaissance costume was influenced by the spirit the age and was in contrast.