• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2012

차세대 무선 네트워크(Next Generation Wireless Networks, NGWN)상에서의 무결점 전송 서비스는 이동단말(MN, Mobile Node)에게 광범위한 로밍을 효율적으로 제공하는 이동성관리가 매우 중요하게 되었다. MIPv6(Mobility IPv6)는 IETF(The Internet Engineering Task Force)에 의해 제안된 이동성관리 기법들 중 하나이고, IPv6기반에서 이동성관리 기법들은 다양한 형태로 발전되어왔다. 각각의 관리기법들은 이동단말에서의 데이터 이동에 직접적인 관여를 하고 있다. 이 논문에서 두 가지의 이동성관리 평가기법에 대해 제안하고자 한다. 이동성관리를 위한 다양한 프로토콜에서 네트워크상의 핸드오버나 패킷의 전송절차를 수행할 때, 데이터의 전송절차에 대하여 분석하며 또 시그널링의 비용을 계산할 때 처리하는 노드들과 그 노드간의 파라미터들을 이용하여 가장 효율적인 방법으로 분석모델링을 제안한다. 이동성 프로토콜의 시그널링 비용과 그 비용을 구성하는 각각의 파라미터들을 수치적 결과를 통해서 각각의 프로토콜들의 비용을 비교분석한다. 즉, 각각의 이동성관리 기법에 적용하여 시그널링 비용과 패킷전송 비용의 합을 비교한다. 이동성 관리의 다양한 기법들 중 가장 최근에 제안되어지고 있는 네트워크 기반의 이동성 프로토콜이 전체적인 비용측면에서 더 우수한 결과를 보여준다.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.76-84
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• 2009

최근 장기간에 걸친 주택경기 침체 수요와 공급의 불균형에 의한 정적재고 증가, 수요자의 주거선호 변화 등으로 인해 차별화의 개념이 주택시장에서 경쟁우위 확보의 주요 요소로 대두되고 있다. 동일한 단위 평면 안에서 마감재 디자인 요소의 차별화에 의해 수많은 마감재 정보가 발생되고 고급화된 사양 선택으로 인하여 공동주택 단위 세대 내부의 마감 원가가 상향되고 있다. 본 연구는 현행 마감재 설계 단계의 프로세스를 대상으로 마감재 설계 및 대안 선정 시 발생되는 원가관리 측면에서의 문제점과 대규모 공동주택 건설 시 대량으로 발생하는 디자인정보, 원가정보, 작업정보 관리 측면에서 마감재 정보관리 문제점을 도출하고, 문제점을 해결하기 위한 방안으로 마감재 설계 및 대안 선정 시 원가관리와 정보를 관리 할 수 있도록 마감재의 디자인, 원가, 작업 정보를 통합하였다. 또한 프로젝트 원가관리 요소별 개선을 통해 원가기반의 마감재 정보 관리 프로세스를 제안하였다.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.195-208
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• 2008

In an emergency management case, evaluating the economic value of information technology investments is a challenging problem due to the effects of decision making, uncertainty of disasters, and difficulty of measurements. Risk assessment and recovery process, one of the major functions in emergency management, consists of (1) measurement of damages or losses, (2) recovery planning, (3) reporting and approving budgets, (4) auctioning off recovery projects to constructors, and (5) construction for the recovery. Specifically and of our interest, measurement of damages or losses is often a costly and time-consuming process because the wide range of field surveys should be performed by a limited pool of trained agents. Managers, therefore, have to balance accuracy of the field survey against the total time to complete the survey. Using information technologies to support field survey and reporting has great potential to reduce errors and lowers the cost of the process. However, existing cost benefit analysis framework may be problematic to evaluate and justify the IT investment because the cost benefit analysis often include the long-run benefit of IT that is difficult to quantify and overlook the impact of managerial control upon the investment outcomes. Therefore, we present an alternative cost-centric control model that conservatively quantifies all cost savings to replace benefits in cost benefit analysis and incorporate the managerial control. The model provides a framework to examine how managerial decision making and uncertainty of disaster affect the economic value of IT investments. The current project in Emergency Agency in South Korea is introduced as a case to apply the cost-centric control model. Our work helps managers to better evaluate and justify IT-related investment alternatives in emergency management.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.16-32
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• 2020

Cost and time control of projects is important in preventing project failure. However, achieving effective cost and time control in practice is often challenging. The challenges of project cost and time control in practice are investigated by carrying out a questionnaire survey on the top 150 construction contractors in the UK followed by in-depth semi-structured interviews of practitioners from 15 construction companies in the country. Quantitative analysis reveals that design change is the most important factor inhibiting the ability of UK contractors from effectively controlling both the cost and time of construction projects. Four of the top five factors inhibiting effective cost control are also the top factors inhibiting effective time control albeit in a different order. These top factors-design changes, inaccurate evaluation of project time/duration, risk and uncertainty, non-performance of subcontractors and nominated suppliers were also found to be endogenous factors to the project. Additionally, qualitative analysis of the interviews reveals 16 key challenges to prevent for effective project cost and time control in practice. These are classified into four categorised based on where they stem from as follows; from the organisation (1. Lack of integration of cost and time during project control, 2. lack of management buy-in, 3. complicated project control systems and processes, 4. lack of a project control training regime); from the construction management/project management approach (5. Lapses in integration of interfaces, 6. project control not being implemented from the early stages of a project, 7. inefficient utilisation and control of labour, 8. limited time devoted to planning how a project will be controlled at the outset); from the client; (9. Excessive authorisation gates, 10. use of adversarial and non-collaborative forms of contracts, 11. communication problems within client set-up, 12. obstructive client representatives) and; from the project team (13. Lack of detailed/complete design, 14. lack of trust among the project partners, 15. limited time devoted to project control on site, 16. non-factual reporting). The study posits that knowledge of these project control inhibiting factors and challenges is the first step at ensuring they are avoided and enable the implementation of a more effective project cost and time control process in practice.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.352-359
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• 2018

Background: The purpose of this study is to propose an analysis of trends and characteristics of high-cost patients who take over 40% of total national health insurance medical expenses. Methods: It has been analyzed the tendency of high-cost patients by open data based on the medical history information of 1 million people among national health insurance subscriber from 2002 to 2015. To conduct detailed study of characteristics of high-cost patients, multiple regression has been performed by sex, age, residence, main provider, and admission status based on the top 5% group. Results: The amount of medical expenses and the number of high-cost patients have gradually increased in decades. The number of high-cost patients for Korean won (KRW) 5,000,000 category has increased by 7.6 times, KRW 10,000,000 category has increased by 14.1 times in comparing of year 2002 and 2015. Top 5% medical expenses have increased by 4.6 times. In consideration of the characteristics of patients, the incidence of high medical expenses has been higher in female patients than male ones, the older patients than in the younger. Patients residence in Gyeonsang or Jeonla province have had a high incidence of medical expenses than other area. The disease including dementia, cerebral infarction, and cerebrovascular disease for high-cost patients has been also increased. Conclusion: The major increase factor for high medical expenses is the aging of population. The elderly population receiving inpatient care residing in the province that increases high medical costs have to management. There is an urgent need to develop a mechanism for predicting and managing the cost of high-cost medical expenses for patients who have a heavy financial burden.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2008

국내 건설산업의 공공 발주자는 사업의 초기단계의 사업비관리에 대한 중요성을 충분히 인식하고 있음에도 불구하고 체계화된 공사비 산정시스템을 보유하고 있지 못한 실정이다. 이에 신규 공공 건설공사를 기획하고 사업비를 책정하는 단계에서는 예산을 수립하는 담당자가 기존의 실적데이터와 경험을 바탕으로 공사비를 추정하고 있으며, 기본설계단계와 실시설계단계 이후 산정된 공사비를 책정된 예산과 비교 후 사업의 추진여부를 검토하거나 설계내용을 예산에 맞도록 변경하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 공공아파트의 사업초기단계에서 공사비를 산정할 수 있는 공공아파트 계획설계단계에서의 공사비 예측모델을 개발하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 계획설계단계에서 공사비를 예측하고 사업비 및 전반적인 설계를 관리한다면 지금보다 더 효율적인 방법으로 국가의 재원을 적절하게 책정하고 집행할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.35-47
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• 1993

This study was performed to obtain the internal failure cost in the failure and rework using cost table. The manufacturing cost is different according to each production process. Thierefore, it is difficult to calculate of the manufacturing cost. Using the cost table internal failure cost can be calculated easily in each process.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.1-14
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to estimate the magnitude of patient's actual cost-sharing for hospital services in the National Health Insurance which has been estimated with only a few hospitals or limited number of patients. Also we aimed at analysis of factors influencing the magnitude. Sources of analyzed data were two databases. 1997 medical benefits record of the National Federation of Medical Insurance and 1997 Statistics for Hospital Management from the Korea Institute of Health Services Management(KIHM). We merged two databases and related records for 224 hospitals. based on the identification details of each hospital. The average percent of patients' cost-sharing was 51.7% of total hospital revenues from the insurance. with 40.3% of revenue in inpatient and 67.4% in outpatient. respectively. The contributing hospital factors to the magnitude of cost-sharing were size of hospitals. teaching status. location. number of employed physicians. etc. Larger and university hospital. urban location. and with more physicians were positively correlated with higher level of cost-sharing. Additionally, the higher the expenses of inpatient's treatment was, the higher the size of patient's cost-sharing was. These findings suggest that present level of patients' cost-sharing is quitely high and it is urgent to reduce the patient's cost-sharing to the reasonable level. It would be necessary to extend the coverage of insurance benefits and to develop policies focusing on larger hospitals and inpatient services.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2016년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.235-236
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• 2016

The importance of construction management has been increasing due to the fact that complex construction projects blend several different industries depending on the traits of the construction. This research was conducted to search for a method to enhance efficiency in cost management of construction project and meet the need for reusability of accumulated construction information. The process of detailed estimation and methodology for using standard unit price information has been developed to strengthen the interoperability in cost information by utilizing a standard classification system. The concept of ontology is proposed as a method of connecting construction information based on a standard breakdown structure to increasing the connectivity of the cost information in the construction project. Therefore, construction information knowledge framework is developed in order to improve the efficiency of the detailed estimation work process.

• Computational Structural Engineering : An International Journal
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.19-23
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• 2002

A reliability-based cost-benefit model for the risk management of oil platforms in the formulation of optimal decisions based on life-cycle consideration is proposed. The model is based on structural risk assessments and the integration of social issues and economics into the management decision process. Structural risks result from the platform's exposure to the random environmental loading associated with the offshore site where it is located. Several alternative designs of a typical platform are proposed and assessed from the cost-effectiveness viewpoint. This assessment is performed through the generation of cost/benefit relationships that are used, later on, to select the optimal design.