• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.75-81
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• 2011

The effect of lactic acid bacteria.fermented ginseng berry extract (FGBE) on physiological activities was evaluated. The contents of ginsenosides Re, Rc, and Rb1 in ginseng berry extract (GBE) were increased after fermentation by lactic acid bacteria when analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. Antioxidant activity of GBE and FGBE was also analyzed by DPPH radical scavenging activity assay and SOD.like activity assay. FGBE showed a 86.34 % inhibition of DPPH radical and a 76.82 % inhibition by SOD.like activity at a concentration of 1.00 %. GBE showed a 49.78 % inhibition of DPPH radical and a 40.80 % inhibition by SOD.like activity at the same concentration. Furthermore, procollagen type I (COL1A1) gene expression increased by 823.13 % and matrix metal-loproteinase(MMP)-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ gene expression decreased by 87.88 % and 99.92 %, respectively, in human fibroblast cultured with FGBE at a concentration of 0.50 %. These results suggest that FGBE could be used as an active ingredient for functional cosmetics.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.377-392
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• 2012

It has been known that small solid particles act as a stabilizer in pickering emulsion system. In this study, we successfully prepared stable pickering emulsion in n-hexylalcohol and water system with $TiO_2$ whose surface was treated by alkylsilane. The optimum condition to prepare pickering emulsion stabilized by $TiO_2$ particles was determined by amount of $TiO_2$ particles and ratio of water and oil phase. The type of pickering emulsion was dependent on wettability of particles for water and n-hexylalcohol. When the amount of $TiO_2$ particles increased up to 5.00 wt%, the stability of pickering emulsion was showed to be improved. The most stable pickering emulsion was prepared in the case of W/O type which has the ratio of oil and water phase (3 : 7). We tried to prepare porous $SiO_2-TiO_2$ composite pigments using a pickering emulsion as template at the optimal condition. Porous pigments were synthesized with Ludox HS-30 as an inorganic material by sol-gel process. The characteristics and shape of porous pigments were measured by optical microscope, SEM, BET, XRD and EDS.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 2011

This review describes several kinds of emulsification methods for nanoemulsions and the application of nanoemulsions. Nanoemulsion droplet sizes fall typically in the range of 20 ~200 nm and show narrow size distributions. Although most of the publications on either oil-in-water (O/W) or water-in-oil (W/O) nanoemulsions have reported their formation by dispersion or high-energy emulsification methods, an increased interest is observed in the study of nano-emulsion formation by condensation or low-energy emulsification methods based on the phase transitions that take place during the emulsification process. Phase behaviour studies have shown that the size of the droplets is governed by the surfactant phase structure (bicontinuous microemulsion or lamellar) at the inversion point induced by either temperature or composition. Studies on nanoemulsion formation by the phase inversion temperature (PIT) method have shown a relation between minimum droplet size and complete solubilization of the oil in a microemulsion bicontinuous phase independently of whether the initial phase equilibrium is single or multiphase. Due to their small droplet size nanoemulsions possess stability against sedimentation or creaming with Ostwald ripening forming the main mechanism of nanoemulsion breakdown. An application of nanoemulsions is the preparation of nanoparticles using a polymerizable monomer as the disperse phase where nanoemulsion droplets act as nanoreactors, cosmetics and controlled drug delivery. In this review, we mainly focus on the cosmetics.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.31 no.1 s.49
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• pp.73-78
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• 2005

This work was carried out to investigate the antioxidative effects of Acanthopnax sessiliflorus from Jeongseon County for the purpose of development of a novel antioxidant from natural products. The antioxidant activity was determined by using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), not measuring the radical scavenging effect on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) which have bun used for antioxidant activity of natural sources. Although DPPH radical scavenging activity assay have been generally used for antioxidant activity, this assay is nut appropriated for determinating which radical is scavenged by extracts from natural products. Using EPR, we determinated whether A. sessiliflorus extracts from Jeongseon County scavenge specific radicals or not. On experiment of scavenging superoxide anion radical, hydroxyl radical, nitrogen dioxide and peroxinitrite. Extracts from A. sessiliflorus showed high antioxidant activities to reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. These result suggest that extracts from A. sessiliflorus act as an antioxidant by scavenging reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and used as new cosmetic ingredients for anti-oxidative stress in skin.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.30 no.4 s.48
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• pp.439-444
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• 2004

UV irradiation produces free radicals and related reactive oxygen species (ROS), and these are injury to all most of organisms of skin cells and extracellular matrix (ECM). In addition, free radicals and ROS stimulate the overexpression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that can degrade most components of ECM such as collagen. Since collagen constitutes almost of skin connective tissue, their disarrangement causes wrinkle formation and droop of skin. Therefore, scavenging activity on free radicals, ROS and suppression of MMP-1 is expected to prevent skin photoaging. In this study, to investigate the relationship between photoaging and Draconis sanguis, we examined the effects of antioxidant, in vitro MMP inhibition and expression of UVA-induced MMP-1 in human dermal fibroblasts. Draconis sanguis was found to show scavenging activities of radicals and ROS with the $IC_{50}$ values of $183{\;}{\mu}g/mL$ against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and $30{\;}{\mu}g/mL$ against superoxide radicals in the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system, respectively. Draconis sunguis inhibited the activities of MMP-1 in a does-dependent manner and the $IC_{50}$ value calculated from semi-log plots was $200{\;}{\mu}g/mL$. Also, UVA induced MMP expression was reduced $74\%$ by treatment with Draconis sanguis, and MMP-1 mRNA expression was reduced in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore Draconis sanguis was able to significantly inhibit MMP expression in protein and mRNA level. All these results suggested that Draconis sanguis may act as an anti-photoaging agent by antioxidation and reducing UVA-induced MMP-1 production.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.134-142
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• 2021

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Dictyota coriacea extract and its active components such as 1,9-dihydroxycrenulide and epiloliolide on the hair growth. Treatment with D. coriacea extract and the hexane and EtOAc fractions of D. coriacea extract significantly increased the proliferation of dermal papilla cells (DPCs), a central regulator of the hair cycle. Especially, 1,9-dihydroxycrenulide and epiloliolide from D. coriacea extract, caused an increase in the DPC proliferation. When isolated rat vibrissa follicles were treated with 1,9-dihydroxycrenulide or epiloliolide for 21 d, the hair-fiber lengths for the vibrissa follicles increased. When examined the activity of 5α-reductase, which converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a main cause of androgenetic alopecia, the several solvent fractions of D. coriacea extract significantly decreased the 5α-reductase activity while 1,9-dihydroxycrenulide and epiloliolide scarcely inhibited 5α-reductase activity. In addition, we found that the D. coriacea extract and several solvent fractions of D. coriacea extract could not act as a K_ATP channel opener, which could be a contributory factor in the effect on hair growth. These results suggest that D. coriacea extract and 1,9-dihydroxycrenulide and epiloliolide, principals of D. coriacea, have the potential to treat alopecia via the proliferation of DPCs.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.74-86
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• 2015

Objectives To identify whether Sovereign-Minister-Assistant-Courier (君臣佐使) Theory and Meridian Tropism (歸經) Theory of oral herbal medicine can be applied to trans-dermal medicine and whether pharmaceutical efficacy can be delivered to skin by Courier herb (使藥). Methods We reviewed previous studies related to Sovereign-Minister-Assistant-Courier Theory. And we examined whether prescription compositions based on Sovereign-Minister-Assistant-Courier Theory correspond with efficacy results of trans-dermal medicine experimentally identified. Results When Sovereign-Minister-Assistant-Courier Theory is applied to trans-dermal medicine, Courier herb act as delivering the effective components to the lesion penetrating skin barrier. And we identified that medicine absorbed through the digestive processes may not correspond with Courier herb applied topically. Conclusions We identified that Courier herb act as delivering the effective components to the lesion. But to strength evidences, additional studies on this action will be needed.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.15-26
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• 2019

Background and Aim : Health care and cosmetics as well as quality of life is now a matter of concern and many categories of complementary and alternative medicine fall into the territory of the medical practice of Korean medicine. Accordingly, penalties are being taken for unlicensed medical practices of Korean medicine in so called complementary and alternative medicine area. There is a possibility of violating the law for the public part because it is not clearly stipulated in the law as to what is a licensed medical practice. Materials and Method : The significance of the Medical Service Act and the Act on Special Measures for the Control of Public Health Crimes were reviewed, and the related supreme court cases were discussed upon the legal aspect of processing the unlicensed medical practice of Korean medicine. The legal information was provided from the National Law Information Center of the Ministry of Government Legislation, and the information websites of the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Court. Results : The concept of medical practice, which is essential in judging the case of unlicensed medical practice, is 'prevention and treatment of diseases through diagnosis, examination, prescribing, medication, or surgical procedures based on medical expertise', and the 'acts that may result in harm and injury of health unless performed by a medical person'. With respect to the medical practice of Korean medicine, the concept includes 'prevention and treatment of diseases using the principle of traditional Korean Medicine'. Conclusions : The concept of medical practice should be clearly stipulated in the law for the control over the unlicensed medical practices of Korean medicine. And it is important to move from the current concept of medical person-oriented medical practice emerging from the national system of healthcare control, to a concept that can accept the era of health managing-oriented medical environment and the co-governance of the healthcare providers and consumers for the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.144-145
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• 2012

Make-up is the act of protecting the body and face, or a beautifully decorating by covering the shortcomings. In this paper, classification and type of makeup was newly organized to suit the present day. And the meaning of the new make-up were evaluated. Makeup helps protect skin from external changes. It gives the beauty function to hide defects of the skin and make it beautiful. Thus, it allows to have a social life actively and aggressively given the confidence to look.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.181-187
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• 2012

Ligustrum lucidum (L. lucidum) contains large quantities of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid. In this study, we evaluated anti-wrinkle effects of three parts of L. lucidum extracts. We found that L. lucidum extracts were not only innocuous to human skin fibroblasts but also significantly decreased the expression of both MMP-1 and MMP-2 and increased the expression of COL1A1. Among the three parts of L. lucidum extracts (i.e., fruit, cane, and leaf extracts), the fruit extract was found to contain the greatest amounts of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid. These three parts of L. lucidum extracts increased the expression of COL1A1 and decreased the expression of MMP-1 and MMP-2 in a dose-dependent manner. Especially, the fruit extract of L. lucidum had the greatest upregulating effect on COL1A1 and the greatest downregulating effect on MMP-1 and MMP-2 in a non-toxic and dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that L. lucidum, especially the fruit, could be used as active ingredients for functional cosmetics.