• Corrosion Science and Technology
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.143-151
• /
• 2021

In this study, optimal shot peening process conditions were investigated for improving the cavitation erosion resistance of gray cast iron under a marine environment. Shot peening was performed with variables of injection pressure and injection time. The durability was then evaluated through cavitation erosion test which was conducted according to the modified ASTM G-32 standard. The tendency of cavitation erosion damage according to shot peening process condition was investigated through weight loss rate, surface and cross-sectional analysis of the specimen before and after the test. As a result, the shot peening process condition that could minimize cavitation erosion was when the injection pressure was the lowest and when the injection time was the shortest. This was because the flake graphite exposed on the gray cast iron surface could be easily removed under such condition. Therefore, the notch effect can be prevented by surface modification. In addition, the cavitation erosion damage mechanism of gray cast iron was discussed in detail.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.95-103
• /
• 2001

The properties of the detonation sprayed cermet coating are investigated through the mechanical, corrosion and erosion test. The test results are also compared with the properties of the substrate materials, STS 329J1, dual phase stainless steel and the plasma sprayed cermet coatings. The two kinds of carbide cermet power, WC+NiCr, Cr$_3$C$_2$+NiCr were used in this experiment. The experimental results showed that the anti-corrosive and anti-erosive properties of the detonation sprayed cermet coatings are superior to the plasma sprayed cermet coatings. The WC+NiCr cermet coating appears to be more effective than Cr$_3$C$_2$+NiCr cermet coating in abrasive erosion environment, whereas the Cr$_3$C$_2$+NiCr cermet coatings are more effective in cavitation erosion environment.

• 수산해양기술연구
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.202-208
• /
• 1997

The component materials threatened by cavitation include ship propellers as well as turbine runners, pump impellers, pipe lines and radiators. Today it is known that cavitation damage takes place on many other components including on the coding water side of the cylinder liners of diesel engines. Cavitation erosion - corrosion implies damage to materials due to the shock pressure or shock wave that results when bubbles form and collapse at a metal surface within a liquid. To suppress cavitation erosion as well as cavitation erosion - corrosion to hydraulic equipment, innovations such as the improvement in the geometric design of the equipment or the selection of suitably resistant construction materials are necessary. In this study, we investigated that the cavitation erosion - corrosion damage under vibratory cavitation can be reduced by adding of side now velocity to the cavitation bubble group in order to eliminate bubbles formed in sea water environment.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.466-474
• /
• 2021

A wet type scrubber for merchant vessel uses super austenitic stainless steels with pitting resistance equivalent number (PREN) of 40 or higher for operation in a harsh corrosive environment. However, it is expensive due to a high nickel content. Thus, electrochemical behavior and cavitation erosion characteristics of UNS S32750 as an alternative material were investigated. Microstructure analysis revealed fractions of ferritic and austenitic phases of 48% and 52%, respectively, confirming the existence of ferritic matrix and austenitic island. Potentiodynamic polarization test revealed damage at the interface of the two phases because of galvanic corrosion due to different chemical compositions of ferritic and austenitic phases. After a cavitation test, a compressive residual stress was formed on the material surface due to impact pressure of cavity. Surface hardness was improved by water cavitation peening effect. Hardness value was the highest at 30 ㎛ amplitude. Scanning electron microscopy revealed wave patterns due to plastic deformation caused by impact pressure of the cavity. The depth of surface damage increased with amplitude. Cavitation test revealed larger damage caused by erosion in the ferritic phase due to brittle fracture derived from different strain rate sensitivity index of FCC and BCC structures.

• 수산해양기술연구
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.413-422
• /
• 1995

각종 환경 조건에서 진동 캐비테이션 침식-부식 시험 장치에 의해 연강(SS41)의 캐비테이션 침식-부식 손상 거동에 관한 연구를 한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1) 해수 중에서 캐비테이션 침식-부식 손상 거동은 중앙부와 테두리 부에서 거의 비슷한 정도로 발생하여 성장되지만, 증류수 중에서는 테두리부에서 손상이 먼저 발생한 다음 중앙부에도 손상이 점차 일어난다. 2) 비저항이 낮은 수도수 중의 캐비테이션 침식-부식 손상은 초기에는 비저항이 높은 증류수중에서의 것보다 증가하지만 시간이 경과하면서 CaCO 하(3)의 피막 형성에 의해 둔화된다. 3) 케비테이션 침식-부식 손상 특성은 잠복기, 증가기, 감소기 및 안정기의 4단계로 구분된다.

• 한국표면공학회지
• /
• 제45권6호
• /
• pp.272-277
• /
• 2012

The hull of a fast sailing aluminium ship are generally prone to erosion owing to the impact of seawater. At this time, synergistic effects of the erosion and the corrosion by aggressive ions such as chlorides tend to aggravate the damage. There have been various attempts, including selection of erosion-resistant materials, cathodic protection and addition of corrosion inhibitors, to overcome damage by erosion or corrosion under marine environments. These approaches, however, have limits on identifying the damage mechanism clearly, because they depend on analogical interpretation by correlating two damage behaviors after the individual studies are assessed. In this research, it was devised a hybrid testing apparatus that integrates electrochemical corrosion test and cavitation test, and thus the erosion-corrosion behavior by cavitation was investigated more reliably. As a result, the slightest damage was observed at the potentials between -1.6 V and -1.5 V. This is considered to be due to a reflection or counterbalancing effect caused by collision of the cavitation cavities and the hydrogen gas formed by activation polarization.

• 수산해양기술연구
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.312-319
• /
• 1994

Recently, with the rapid development in the industries such as an iron mill and chemical plants, there is enlarged by the use of the piping. Sepecially, the piping connected with a fluid, if it is increase the speed of running fluid, ought to generate cavitation phenomenon with unbalanced pressure. So, the cavitation phenomenon cause serious damage of the piping, because it generate erosion and corrosion in the piping. In this study, the steel pipe piping water (SPPW) and SPPW on weldment were tested by using of cavitation-erosion test apparatus with nozzle and were investigated under the marine environment of liquid. (specific resistance : 25 $Omega$. cm) The main results obtained are as follows : 1) The total weight loss and weight loss rate of affected zone of weldment by corrosion-erosion in the sea water are more increased than that of base metal. 2) The electrode potential by corrosion-erosion in the sea water becomes less noble than that of base metal, and current density is more increased. 3) As time goes by, the total weight loss and weight loss rate by cavitation erosion-corrosion in air-liquid 2 phase flow become more increased then those in only liquid solution. but these values turn to be decreased.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.231-231
• /
• 2020

• Corrosion Science and Technology
• /
• 제14권5호
• /
• pp.239-246
• /
• 2015

Stainless steel is generally known to have characteristics of excellent corrosion resistance and durability, but in a marine environment it can suffer from localized corrosion due to the breakdown of passivity film due to chloride ion in seawater. Furthermore, the damage behaviors are sped up under a cavitation environment because of complex damage from electrochemical corrosion and cavitation-erosion. In this study the characteristics of electrochemical corrosion and cavitation erosion behavior were evaluated on 16.7Cr-10Ni-2Mo stainless steel under a cavitation environment in natural seawater. The electrochemical experiments have been conducted at both static conditions and dynamic conditions inducing cavitation with different current density parameters. The surface morphology and damage behaviors were compared after the experiment. After the cavitation test with time variables morphological examinations on damaged specimens were analyzed by using a scanning electron microscope and a 3D microscope. the galvanostatic experiment gave a cleaner surface morphology presented with less damage depth at high current density regions. It is due to the effect of water cavitation peening under the cavitation condition. In the cavitation experiment, with amplitude of $30{\mu}m$ and seawater temperature of $25^{\circ}C$, weight loss and cavitation-erosion damage depth were dramatically increased after 5 hours inducing cavitation.

• 한국표면공학회지
• /
• 제51권2호
• /
• pp.87-94
• /
• 2018

Various sealing techniques were applied to the anodized 5083 aluminum alloy for marine environment to reduce corrosion and cavitation erosion damage. Electrochemical experiments and cavitation erosion tests were conducted to evaluate the corrosion resistance and cavitation resistance of the anodic oxide film treated with sealing in natural seawater solution. Then, damaged surface morphology was analyzed by scanning electron microscope(SEM) and 3D microscope. As the results of the electrochemical experiments, it was observed that the surface damage of all the experimental conditions in the anodic polarization experiment was locally grown by the combination of crack and corrosion damage. In the Tafel analysis, the corrosion resistance of all sealing treatment conditions was improved compared to the anodizing. On the other hand, cavitation erosion tests showed that the anodizing and all the sealing treatment conditions generated local pit damage by cavitation erosion attack and grew to crater damage in the observation of damaged surface by SEM. Also, the weight loss and the surface damage depth measured with the experiment time presented that most of the sealing treatment conditions showed better cavitation erosion resistance than the anodizing, and they had an incubation period at the beginning of the experiment.