• Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.93-104
• /
• 2003

Although a generation-related difference in nutrient and food-group intake has been broadly recognized in the Japanese population, few studies have examined the difference and correlation of intakes with consideration of a family line and co-habitation status. We conducted a dietary survey using female college students in dietetic course in Aichi, Japan, and their mothers and grandmothers. A validated self-administered diet history questionnaire was used for assessment of intakes. Data from 110 families were included in the analysis. The means of 13 nutrients and 10 food groups (of the 15 and 14, respectively) showed significant differences among the three generations. A significant difference was observed in the carbohydrate, protein, saturated fatty acid, cholesterol, and fish intakes between the students living with their mothers and those apart. In the correlation analyses between generations, moderate correlation was observed for most nutrients and food groups between the students and their mothers living together (correlation range = 0.30-0.61 for nutrients, and = 0.21 -0.56 for food groups). A wide variation with no consistency was observed for the correlation between the students and their grandmothers (-0.18 -0.59 and -0.33 -0.65, respectively), No meaningful correlation was observed between any two generations living apart. Among the food groups examined, pulses, fish, and vegetables showed relatively large differences for the correlation between two groups with different living conditions. When living together, the correlation coefficients for nutrients and food groups between the students and their mothers decreased according to the increase in frequency of eating out by the students. These results suggest that living together and eating together were an important factor for the resemblance in dietary habits between generations in the population with a marked generation-related difference in intakes. (J Community Nutrition 5(2) : 93-104, 2003)

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.199-208
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study is to test the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the Health-Related Hardiness Scale(HRHS) in a sample of Korean nursing students. The korean version of HRHS was administered to 234 nursing students including 135 college students and 99 university students. The Korean version of HRHS was measured on a 6 Likert scale, assessing three factors of HRHS : control, commitment, and challenge. Internal consistency was used to test the instrument's reliability. The internal consistency of the scale was measured using a coefficient alpha. The coefficient alpha was .69(control), .49(commitment). and .69(challenge), Item analysis and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to test the instrument's construct validity. The item analysis identified that there were 13 items. which were lower than the .25 item-total correlation. CFA revealed that the scale's fadoral validity was not proper by showing unfit indices(RMSEA .07. stand, RMR .09. GFI .71). According to the findings of this study, the reliability and construct validity of the Korean version of HRHS is not satisfactory in the sample of nursing students. As a result. the researcher modified the scale through item analysis and repetitive CFA process, and proposed the revised 25-item Korean version of HRHS for nursing students. The revised scale's reliability(control .74, commitment .73. challenge .77) and factorial validity were within acceptable levels. The item analysis identified that there was no item, which is lower than the .25 item-total correlation. CFA revealed that the scale's factoral validity was proper by showing fit indices(RMSEA .08 stand. RMR .08. GFI .80).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.652-660
• /
• 2016

This study was performed on 171 workers in the Kyungbuk Kumi industrial complex to verify the validity and the reliability of the Korean version of the constitutions in a Chinese medicine questionnaire. Each subjective fulfilled a questionnaire of 61 questions in 9 categories based on a self-assessment. All categories and each constitution's internal consistency were analyzed using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient to review the questionnaire's reliability, and factor analysis and correlation analysis were performed to review the validity. The reliability was satisfied with Cronbach's alpha coefficient for all categories and each constitution's internal consistency ranged from 0.601 to 0.925, and the validity was verified by factor analysis, which showed the same two factors of each constitution. Correlation analysis of each constitution showed statistical significance and strong positive correlations among 8 constitutions except for the gentleness type (P=0.0127). As a result, it is believed that the Korean version of the constitutions in Chinese medicine questionnaire can be useful for diagnosing the constitutions of Koreans.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.232-242
• /
• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop a Korean version of the pediatric functional muscle test (K-PFMT) for children with motor developmental disorders, and to verify its reliability and validity. Methods: The subjects were 40 children, aged below 5 years. Each was scored on the K-PFMT by 14 physical therapists to determine inter-rater reliability and internal consistency. Additionally, 3 of the 14 therapists tested 20 children again one or two weeks later to determine test-retest reliability. The internal consistency was calculated by Cronbach's alpha. The inter-rater and test-retest reliability were calculated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). One-way ANOVA and the paired t-test were used to compare differences among the three evaluator groups and between the test and retest group. Concurrent validity was evaluated by Pearson's correlation with a total score of GMFM. Results: Chronbach's alpha was over 0.98 for each test item and 0.99 for the total items. There was no significant differences in the score of K-PFMT among the three evaluator groups except for a few items. The test-retest ICC was from 0.89 to 1.00 and from 0.82 to 1.00, respectively. There was no significant difference between the test and retest group, except for a few items. There were high significant correlations between K-PFMT and GMFM. Conclusion: This study showed that a K-PFMT with relatively high reliability and validity was successfully developed. The K-PFMT will be a useful tool for measurement of muscle strength of children with motor developmental disorder.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.565-570
• /
• 2013

Objectives: To describe the development and validation of a cancer awareness questionnaire (CAQ) based on a literature review of previous studies, focusing on cancer awareness and prevention. Materials and Methods: A total of 388 Chinese undergraduate students in a private university in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, were recruited to evaluate the developed self-administered questionnaire. The CAQ consisted of four sections: awareness of cancer warning signs and screening tests; knowledge of cancer risk factors; barriers in seeking medical advice; and attitudes towards cancer and cancer prevention. The questionnaire was evaluated for construct validity using principal component analysis and internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha (${\alpha}$) coefficient. Test-retest reliability was assessed with a 10-14 days interval and measured using Pearson product-moment correlation. Results: The initial 77-item CAQ was reduced to 63 items, with satisfactory construct validity, and a high total internal consistency (Cronbach's ${\alpha}$=0.77). A total of 143 students completed the questionnaire for the test-retest reliability obtaining a correlation of 0.72 (p<0.001) overall. Conclusions: The CAQ could provide a reliable and valid measure that can be used to assess cancer awareness among local Chinese undergraduate students. However, further studies among students from different backgrounds (e.g. ethnicity) are required in order to facilitate the use of the cancer awareness questionnaire among all university students.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.20-29
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC)-VA3.0 in patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA). The sample consisted of 301 patients who had received treatments at the physical therapy units of 5 medical institutions in Andong City in june 2006. Questionnaires on the WOMAC were recruited by 12 physical therapists. The internal structure and reliability of the scales were evaluated by means of item-internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient: ${\alpha}$), item-discriminant validity, and Pearson's relation coefficient. To explore construct validity, we conducted a principal component factor analysis with varimax rotation analysis. The criterion for factor extraction was an eigenvalue >1.0. The average age of the patients was 62.1 years. All WOMAC subscales (pain, stiffness, and physical function) were internally consistent with Cronbach's coefficients of .81, .91, and .80, respectively. The internal consistency reliability of item-each scale were also internally consistent with Cronbach's coefficient of .89 (Pearson's correlation coefficient: .71~.84), .93 (.89~.91), and .96 (.67~.91), respectively. However, high correlation was found among 3 items (.66~.83, .66~.67, and .67~.83), so the item-discriminant validity was low (${\alpha}$ coefficient: .81, .91, .80, respectively). The construct validity by factor analysis was low because it was not consistent With WOMAC-VA3.0. In conclusion, the results reported here confirm the reliability of the WOMAC in patients with OA of the hip and knee. The collection of information on the hip and knee osteoarthritis using this instrument was acceptable to patients. A further prospective multi-center study will be necessary to prove the construct validity.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.11-20
• /
• 2018

Purpose: To test the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Person-centered Climate Questionnaire-staff version (KPCQ-S) in long-term care institutions. Methods: A total of 297 staff in long-term care institutions including nine nursing homes (NHs) and 4 long-term care hospitals (LTCHs) were included. The KPCQ-S was developed following the WHO guidelines of the process of translation and adaptation of instruments. An internal consistency using Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ was tested for reliability. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to examine the construct validity. Convergent and discriminant validity were examined using Pearson correlation. Results: EFA demonstrated the construct validity of the 14-item KPCQ-S with three-factor solutions, specifically three factors (safety, everydayness, and community) in NHs and four factors (safety, everydayness, community, and comprehensibility) in LTCHs. Convergent validity was found in the correlation with the work satisfaction (r=.55). The KPCQ-S showed satisfactory internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's ${\alpha}=.91$). Conclusion: The KPCQ-S is found to be a reliable and valid tool for measuring staff perceptions of the person centeredness of long-term care environments.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.344-351
• /
• 2008

Purpose: The aim of this study was to testify whether clinical performance examination (CPX) was useful to evaluate comprehensive performance for nursing students just prior to graduation. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was designed to examine the usefulness. A total of 61 nursing students whose requirement credits were completed for graduation from a C University in G-city, at December, 5, 2007. Data were analyzed by Pearson's Correlation Coefficient and Spearman's rank Correlation Coefficient. Results: This study showed that both of the finals scores with paper and pens and the clinical practicum scores were not correlated with the CPX scores (r=-.031, p=.811; r=.028, p=.831). Consistency of scores between faculties and standardized patients was moderate (r=.752, p=.000). Conclusion: CPX was considered as a different and innovative evaluation from previous testing systems to test the various aspects of performance including knowledge, skill and attitude. Therefore, CPX under high raters' consistency was useful to test nursing students's final performance. Further study would be needed to develop the standard of CPX system.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.143-160
• /
• 2015

Objectives: The study purpose was to test the validity and reliability of the core emotional assessment questionnaire based on the seven emotions. Methods: Survey data were from 651 individuals and contained 141 items determined from a previous pilot study. Among the participants, 241 were retested. First, following analysis of the internal consistency reliability of the 141 items, we deleted items with Cronbach-$\alpha$ coefficient below 0.5. We then selected 100 final items after the first factor analysis. Second, the final 100 items were evaluated by internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, factor analysis, and correlational analysis. Results: Cronbach-$\alpha$ coefficient for the final 100 items were 0.866~0.956 and the test-retest reliability were above 0.70. The 100 items categorized into 7 factors explained 53.8% of the total variance. Analyzing the correlation of each chiljeong, we had a high positive correlation above 0.70 between sa and bi, bi and u, gong and kyeong. Conclusions: The final 100 items used for the core emotional assessment questionnaire based on the seven emotions showed satisfactory reliability and validity. Thus, it may be an appropriate instrument for measuring Chiljeong in the general population.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• v.8 no.6
• /
• pp.457-464
• /
• 2016

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to determine whether two methods of documentation, print and electronic forms, for the assessment of patient-reported outcomes (PRO) in complete denture wearers provide comparable results. The study also quantified the time needed for filling the forms by each method. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Thirty participants enrolled in a university clinic answered two forms (a questionnaire for denture satisfaction and OHIP-EDENT). They provided answers with two application methods in a random order, with a one-month interval between them: (1) electronic forms on a tablet computer; and (2) print forms. The methods were compared in terms of mean results, correlation/agreement, internal consistency, and spent time. RESULTS. Mean results for both methods were similar for each denture satisfaction item (100-mm VAS) and OHIP-EDENT summary score. Both questionnaires presented good internal consistency regardless of the application method (Cronbach's ${\alpha}=0.86$ or higher). Correlation and agreement between the methods regarding specific items was at least moderate for the majority of cases. Mean time for the electronic and print forms were 9.2 and 8.5 minutes, respectively (paired t test, P=.06, non-significant). CONCLUSION. The electronic method is comparable to print forms for the assessment of important PRO of prosthetic treatment for edentulism, considering the results and time needed. Findings suggest the viability of replacing print forms with a tablet for applying the tested inventories in clinical trials.