• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.321-332
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothetical model designed to explain nursing students' perceived stress, coping levels, and stress outcomes. This hypothetical model was based on the Kim. Jung Hee(l987)' s stress model and stress-related literature. Exogenous variables were self-efficacy. hardiness. social support. and exercise. Endogenous variables were stress perception. coping levels. and stress outcomes. Empirical data for testing the hypothetical model consisted of 205 nursing students. SAS PC Program and LISREL 8.12a program were used for descriptive statistics and linear structural relationship(LISREL) modeling. The results were as follows. 1) The overall fit of the hypothetical model to the data was good( $x^2$=78.41(p=0.010), $x^2$/ df=1.50. RMSEA=0.05, standardized RMR= 0.05, GFI=0.95, AGFI=0.91, NNFI=0.90, NFI=0.94). 2) The results of statistical testing of the hypotheses were as follows. (1) As expected. self-efficacy had a significant effect on stress perception. But. hardiness. social support, and exercise did not have a significant effect on stress perception. Self-efficacy, hardiness. social support, and exercise explained 12% of the total variance of stress perception. (2) As expected, self-efficacy, hardiness, social support, exercise, and stress perception had a significant effect on coping behavior, Self-efficacy, hardiness, social support, exercise, and stress perception explained 53% of the total variance of coping behavior. (3) As expected, stress perception and coping behavior had a significant effect on stress outcomes. Stress perception and coping behavior explained 84% of the total variance of stress outcomes. In conclusion, the hypothetical model of this study was confirmed in explaining and predicting stress perception, coping levels, and stress outcomes in nursing students. And these findings suggest the need to develop nursing intervention to enhance self-efficacy, hardiness, social support, and exercise to decrease the harmful outcomes of stress.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2013

This article examines gender differences in stress levels and coping strategies while using mobile phones. We constructed an e-mail survey to collect data from 1,000 adults in South Korea, and used latent means comparison and multi-group structural regression in structural equation modeling. It was determined that as compared to men, women were more vulnerable to stress. Regarding coping, women used all three coping strategies more equally than men, including active coping, expressive support seeking, and avoidance, whereas men mainly chose active coping; however, there were no significant gender differences in coping outcomes, and both women and men coped effectively by choosing their own personal strategies. We suggested how to reduce stress levels for women through enhancing their self-efficacy, as self-efficacy was shown to reduce stress levels specifically for women. Additionally, based on our findings, we proposed how both men and women could cope more effectively.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.36
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• pp.285-307
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• 1998

This study explored three issues in regard to the relationship among stressful life events, coping, successful outcomes, life satisfaction and depression. The first issue was about the differences in the level of use among eight coping strategies according to the type of stressful life events. The second issue dealt with the differences between those who achieved successful outcomes and those who did not in the use of coping strategies. The third issue was if the different use of coping strategies was related to the level of life satisfaction and depression. Stressful life events were divided into problems of four areas such as health, finance, family relations including well-being of family members, and work Coping was assessed by eight factors. The survey data collected from 221 community residing adults was used for analyses. Findings suggested that the level of the use of escape-avoidance was very low while the level of the use of planful problem solving, seeking positive meaning, self control, and accepting responsibility was high for all stressful life events. It was also found that in some stressful life events those who achieved successful outcomes used more planful problem solving, more seeking positive meaning and less escape-avoidance than those who did not achieve successful outcomes. Finally, for almost all of the stressful life events, the use of more planful problem solving was related to either higher level of life-satisfaction or lower level of depression while the use of more escape-avoidance was related to lower level of life-satisfaction and higher level of depression. According to the results, implication for social work intervention was discussed.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.743-752
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• 2005

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to identify the level of total symptom distress, uncertainty, depression and ways of coping in women with endometriosis based on Mishel's model of Uncertainty in Chronic illness, and to exam the relationships among symptom distress, depression and ways of coping and the mediating effect of ways of coping between uncertainty and depression. Method: The research was used for correlational research design and data were collected with 123 women with endometriosis who live in a local area by convenience sampling. Results: The finding showed that the levels of symptom distress and uncertainty were moderate and the depression was above the middle level. There were positive relationships among symptom distress, uncertainty and depression but a negative relationship between problem focused coping and depression. The significant predictors for depression were symptom distress, uncertainty, and problem focused coping with 40% of explained variance. Problem focused coping showed mediating effect between uncertainty and depression. Conclusion: Therefore, nursing intervention for the strategy of increasing problem focused coping as well as lowering uncertainty and depression is recommended. Further study is needed to conduct a repetitive study with randomized nationwide population and to evaluate the theory with different outcomes for adaptation versus maladaptation.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.339-356
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships among role conflict coping strategy and psychological distress of dual-career wives. In order to achieve the study purpose the theoretical model of this study was built on the basis of relevant theories and previous studies, Especially it was influenced by the ABCX model of family stress proposed by Hill, Data were collected from 229 dual-career wives such as professors doctors lawyers teachers pharmacists and nurses. The results were as follows: 1. Role conflict was negatively correlated to self-esteem and positively correlated to psychological distress. 2) in terms of a main effect coping strategy was positively correlated to self-esteem and negatively correlated to psychological distress. 3) In terms of interaction effect coping strategy did not show any significant effect against the negative impacts of role conflict on self-esteem and it on the whole did not whole a significant effect against the positive impacts of role conflict of psychological distress.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.42-51
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• 1997

Although a family-centered approach to health care for developmentally disabled children has been advocated, existing systems of care have not adequately addressed the support needs of the family system and the essential role that parents play in the daily care of these children. The overall purpose of this research is to examine family system adaptation to the care of a developmetally disabled child using the Resiliency Model of Family Stress, Adjustement, and Adaptation Framework. Relationships among family system demands (stressors, strains, transitions, child's illness factors) and family system strengths and capabilities(resource of social support) were examined to determine their separate and combined contribution to explanining the variability in family system outcomes (family system coping ). The subject for this study was 46 families who have a child with developmental disabilities(mental retardation and / or autism) from three special educational programs in Seoul, Korea. Results from correlation and hierachial regression analysis revealed that perceived social support operated as a resiliency factor between family stress and coping. Child and family characteristics appeared to be important predictors of perceived social support and coping. In summary, there is evidence that the resource of social support as a family strength and capability was found to improve the family coping. These findings also must be viewed within the context that sample of families of children with disabilities was relatively small and eligible families from support group of special educational program.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.381-394
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• 2016

Purpose: In this study, the fitness of a path model on suicidal ideation in university students was examined including the relationship of the following stress perception, problem focused coping style, dysfunctional impulsivity, somatization, anger, and depression. Methods: The subjects consisted of 645 university students. Data was collected using questionnaires and analyses was performed using SPSS/WIN 12.0 and LISREL 8.30. Results: According to the modified model, depression was found to have the most significant direct effect on suicidal ideation. Stress perception and problem focused coping style were also found to have a significant direct effect on suicidal ideation. On the other hand the anger, somatization, and dysfunctional impulsivity were found to have a significant indirect effect mediated by depression on suicidal ideation. Conclusion: These results suggest that university students' suicidal ideation can be decreased by managing stress perception, dysfunctional impulsivity, depression, anger, and somatization and increasing problem focused coping style. Based on the outcomes of this study, it is necessary to develop stress management methods and positive coping styles.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.302-316
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to develop and validate a structural model for the quality of life (QoL) among high-risk pregnant women, based on Roy's adaptation model. Methods: This cross-sectional study collected data from 333 first-time mothers diagnosed with a high-risk pregnancy in two obstetrics and gynecology clinics in Cheonan, Korea, or participating in an online community, between October 20, 2021 and February 20, 2022. Structured questionnaires measured QoL, contextual stimuli (uncertainty), coping (adaptive or maladaptive), and adaptation mode (fatigue, state anxiety, antenatal depression, maternal identity, and marital adjustment). Results: The mean age of the respondents was 35.29±3.72 years, ranging from 26 to 45 years. The most common high-risk pregnancy diagnosis was gestational diabetes (26.1%). followed by preterm labor (21.6%). QoL was higher than average (18.63±3.80). Above-moderate mean scores were obtained for all domains (psychological/baby, 19.03; socioeconomic, 19.00; relational/spouse-partner, 20.99; relational/family-friends, 19.18; and health and functioning, 16.18). The final model explained 51% of variance in QoL in high-risk pregnant women, with acceptable overall model fit. Adaptation mode (β=-.81, p=.034) and maladaptive coping (β=.46 p=.043) directly affected QoL, and uncertainty (β=-. 21, p=.004), adaptive coping (β=.36 p=.026), and maladaptive coping (β=-.56 p=.023) indirectly affected QoL. Conclusion: It is essential to develop nursing interventions aimed at enhancing appropriate coping strategies to improve QoL in high-risk pregnant women. By reinforcing adaptive coping strategies and mitigating maladaptive coping, these interventions can contribute to better maternal and fetal outcomes and improve the overall well-being of high-risk pregnant women.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.323-329
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• 2018

This study aimed to investigate the mediating effects of stress coping strategies in the relationship between emotional empathy and smartphone addiction. To get the results, a survey was conducted, targeting university students. Key outcomes of the analysis were as follows. First, it was verified that emotional empathy and smartphone addiction, stress coping strategies and smartphone addiction had statistically meaningful direct relationships. Second, it was analyzed that stress coping strategies had partial mediating effects in the relationship between emotional empathy and smartphone addiction. Third, difference analysis according to gender, female students showed higher smartphone addiction and lower active stress coping strategy in comparison with male students. Based in these results, comprehensive interventions for preventing smartphone addiction were proposed.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.365-375
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• 2011

Purpose: This study aimedto develop a structural equation model on the relationship among ego-resilience, and teaching effectiveness on clinical education, stress coping style, perceived family support, and satisfaction of clinical practice in nursing students in order to increase the satisfaction of clinical practice. Methods: The subjects were 399 undergraduate nursing students enrolled in 7 universities and participating in 10 clinical practice setting areas in 5 cities in South Korea. The research was conducted from December 5th, 2009 to February 20th, 2010. The structural equation model was used to perform the analysis with the statistics program of SPSS win 17.0 and AMOS 5.0. Results: Teaching effectiveness and family support showed a direct effect on satisfaction of clinical practice, while ego-resilience and stress coping styles showed an indirect effect. The biggest total effect on satisfaction of clinical practice was teaching effectiveness followed by family support, ego-resilience, and stress coping styles respectively, which accounted for 50.9%. Conclusion: Based on outcomes of this study, the proposed model allows better understanding of the satisfaction of clinical practice. This result implies that strategies or intervention programs enhancing extrinsic protection factors, motivation factors, and intrinsic protection factors should be considered. In addition, a structural support system for increasing the satisfaction level of clinical practice in nursing students should also be considered.