• International Journal of Contents
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.74-82
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• 2014

This paper aims to propose the educational concept and design model of a Smart Board Game appropriate for lower elementary grade students. The Smart Board Game refers to a hybrid, or 'convergent', game format based on the offline format of the conventional board game augmented through the use of smart devices. The substantive aspects of this game format utilize the procedural deduction and problem-solving skills applicable in storytelling methodologies and games, in order to generate and propose contents ideal for the educational environment. The development of the Smart Board Game is conducted through the following stages. First, the study analyzes a number of Smart Board Games currently popular in Korea and abroad, based on identification of the key components and processes of the board game format. The subsequent review of the science curriculum for lower elementary grades aims to determine the aspects conducive for application to Smart Board Games. Lastly, the theoretical framework outlined through the previous stages is used as the basis for the proposal of a detailed model of contents for the smart board game concept.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.109-125
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• 2019

Few studies have utilized observational methods in the field of couple research even though using self-report questionnaires is prone to the subjective biases of the reporter. This study validates the Marital Interaction Coding System-Global (MICS-G), a global version of the well-established microanalytic observational coding system, Marital Interaction Coding System (MICS). Participants in the study consisted of 30 married couples with varied levels of marital adjustment who visited one of the Healthy Family and Multicultural Family Support Centers in Seoul, either for couple therapy or the "Marriage Checkup"program. Ten-minute problem-solving discussions were rated by two undergraduate student raters who were trained for 10 hours. Interobserver agreement based on percentage agreement and intraclass correlation coefficients showed a high level of agreement between raters in establishing interrater reliability. Convergent validity was established by: correlations among marital adjustment, psychological aggression, mental health, and MICS-G categories of conflicts, validation, invalidation, facilitation, and withdrawal. MICS-G categories also were successful in discriminating between distressed and nondistressed couples, which provides evidence of discriminant validity for MICS-G. This study showed that MICS-G is a promising method for researchers to observe couple interactions in a more cost-effective way. Methodological issues and practical applications are also discussed.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.901-910
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• 2023

In universities, programming language-based thinking and software education for non-majors are being implemented to cultivate creative and convergent talent capable of leading the digital convergence era in line with the Fourth Industrial Revolution. However, learners face difficulties in acquiring the unfamiliar syntax and programming languages. The purpose of this study is to propose a software education model to alleviate the challenges faced by non-major students during the learning process. By introducing algorithm techniques and diagram techniques based on programming language thinking and using the EZMKER kit as an instructional model, this study aims to overcome the lack of learning about programming languages and syntax. Consequently, a structured software education model has been designed and implemented as a top-down system learning model.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.231-246
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• 2021

The Korean Ministry of Education has emphasized the convergent ability for human resource cultivating the development of science and technology in the future. Based on this, Korean STEAM education aims to enhance students' interest and their understanding of science and technology as well as to develop students' convergence thinking and problem-solving skills. Through the camp for gifted students, students are generally introduced to produce self-directed outputs in order to solve the problem in everyday life. In this study, the author aims to find out whether the gifted high school students' creative leader competency and STEAM literacy changed after they experienced STEAM-based camp. 517 gifted students from 52 high schools in the Metropolitan city region join the camp, which is focused on generating student-centered outputs for problem-solving in daily life context. Before and after the camp, the creative leader competency and the STEAM literacy of participants were tested and compared. From the result, we found that the gifted high school students' creative leader competency and STEAM literacy improved after participating in the STEAM camp. In particular, all the sub-factors except for the social value pursuit domains in the social characteristic area of creative leader competency and the areas of creativity, respect, and communication in STEAM literacy increased. Educational implications will be discussed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.639-652
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• 2021

In accordance with the rapidly changing social environment, it is becoming more important to cultivate creative and convergent practical talents with flexible thinking skills and problem-solving skills. Therefore, it is necessary for universities to provide educational experiences that enable students to cooperate and converge multidisciplinaryly to carry out on-the-job projects based on what they have learned at school. Therefore, this study designed, developed, and operated with the aim of cultivating creative talents with integrated problem-solving ability through a multidisciplinary capstone design curriculum based on industry-academia cooperation. To this end, the curriculum was developed together by recruiting participating companies and forming a convergence professor team, and it was operated for 15 weeks for students majoring in cosmetics engineering at D University. After the education was over, learning satisfaction and perceived academic achievement were surveyed, and as a result of the analysis, it was found to be above average with 3.77 points and 3.86 points, respectively. And as a result of the in-depth interview on the participation experience, five themes related to the positive experience and three themes related to the negative experience were derived. This study will be able to provide basic data when operating a multidisciplinary convergence capstone design curriculum based on industry-academia cooperation in the future.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.239-258
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data that can be used in a reasonable assessment of the learning outcomes of STEAM. It presented a learning outcome evaluation method, relative weights of key competencies standard that a learner should cultivate. For this study, a pairwise comparison questionnaire about the key competencies was conducted on the STEAM professionals, and AHP was applied to analyze the priority of main factors of key competencies. The results of this study are as follows. First, the importance of capabilities of convergence accomplishment and capabilities of convergent cognition, in the first layer of key competencies, were 39.4% and 36.8%, respectively. In the education evaluation of the STEAM, capabilities of convergence accomplishment and capabilities of convergent cognition showed similar level of importance, and were considered more important factor than capabilities of convergence attitude (23.8%). Second, the relative importance of capabilities of problem solving (20.0%) was highest in the second layer of key competencies, and followed by capabilities of creative thinking (18.3%), responsibility (15.3%), and understanding convergence knowledge (11.0%). Third, it will be a foundation of a competency evaluation, which reasonably evaluates, based on the relative weights, whether to accomplish educational objectives of the STEAM program In addition, this results is expected to become a guide to develop an education program that can improve the teaching and learning process and raise the learning outcome, as well as an education evaluation of the STEAM.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.169-179
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• 2016

This study was to investigate special education teachers' teaching in reading and writing to university students with intellectual disabilities. For this study, we surveyed 71special education teachers who work in Gwangju, Daegu and Busan. As a result, in order to identify students' reading and writing abilities, they were more likely to use their own tests which they made for themselves than standardized tests. When teaching students, they used their own teaching experiences and advices from colleagues and senior teachers regarding problem-solving methods and reliable information while the knowledge they learned at school showed low frequency in use. Despite using mainly whole-word approach when instructing reading and writing, it appeared that teachers' teaching experiences and diversity of textbooks also have an influence. Regarding needs of education participation for teaching students, there were high needs and interests in teaching methods of writing, textbooks and teaching materials by the characteristics of disability, reading and writing development, reading and writing disabilities. In case of difficulties and needs in teaching students, there was a high demand of development of a wide variety of teaching materials and tools and, preparation for sufficient textbooks and test tools, while difficulties in teaching appeared in lack of knowledge about reading and writing, lack of screening/evaluating tools, and evaluating and teaching oriented to each disability characteristic.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.31-42
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• 2018

Objectives: This study aims to alleviate dental hygienists' job stress caused by emotional labor, lower their turnover rate, improve the working environment, and offer better quality of services by understanding correlations among emotional labor, job characteristics, job stress, and turnover intention. Methods: A survey was conducted in the subjects with dental hygienists who were working at general hospitals, dental university hospitals, and private dental clinics located in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Chungnam by the convenience sampling method from June 1 through 30, 2017, and the collected data were analyzed using by SPSS Windows Ver. 22.0 (IBM CO, Armonk, NY, USA) and AMOS 21. As the statistical analysis methods, convergent validity test, structural equation model analysis and model goodness of fit were conducted using independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, path analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: It turned out that the more dental hygienists' deep acting of emotional labor and the more their workload of job characteristics, the higher their job stress got, and that the higher their job stress, the higher their turnover intention got. Conclusions: As a method of lowering dental hygienists' turnover intention, they may resolve emotional disharmony with their own problem-solving method, but it is necessary to develop and support organizational culture for the improvement of working environment. Dental hygienists' organizations should implement the measures to minimize their turnover rate and job stress level by allocating appropriate workload.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.66-72
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• 2020

In order to cultivate talented people with national economic influence in the rapidly changing 21st- century modern society, STEM(Science Technology Engineering Mathematics) education has been emphasized in advanced countries such as America and England. In South Korea, STEAM(Science Technology Engineering Arts Mathematics) education is emphasized by adding Arts. The objective of STEAM education is to strengthen the interest and motivation of learners, to focus on experience, exploration, experimentation, to solve convergent thinking and real-life problems, rather than cramming method of teaching and memorization. This study identifiesan instructional design for converged English, the world's official language, and science which is found in nearly all disciplines. With the development of the 4th industrial revolution based on the PBL model, learners participate in their lessons voluntarily for problem-solving skills. The instructional design based on the ADDIE model consists of 5 procedures: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The goal of fostering talented people with national economic influence is also important, and the teacher in education must recognize the importance of STEAM education and an appropriate instructional design should be studied constantly.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.463-472
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• 2019

The mode perturbation method (MPM) is suitable and efficient for solving the eigenvalue problem of a nonuniform soil deposit whose property varies with depth. However, results of the MPM do not always converge to the exact solution, when the variation of soil deposit property is discontinuous. This discontinuity is typical because soil is usually made up of sedimentary layers of different geologic materials. Based on the energy integral of the variational principle, a new mode perturbation method, the energy-based mode perturbation method (EMPM), is proposed to address the convergence of the perturbation solution on the natural frequencies and the corresponding mode shapes and is able to find solution whether the soil properties are continuous or not. First, the variational principle is used to transform the variable coefficient differential equation into an equivalent energy integral equation. Then, the natural mode shapes of the uniform shear beam with same height and boundary conditions are used as Ritz function. The EMPM transforms the energy integral equation into a set of nonlinear algebraic equations which significantly simplifies the eigenvalue solution of the soil layer with variable properties. Finally, the accuracy and convergence of this new method are illustrated with two case study examples. Numerical results show that the EMPM is more accurate and convergent than the MPM. As for the mode shapes of the uniform shear beam included in the EMPM, the additional 8 modes of vibration are sufficient in engineering applications.