• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.992-1007
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• 2008

This study was meant to offer the data for predicting the product plan answering the diverse demands for consumers based on the results of analyzing the image and formative property by transforming the stripe patterns. The concrete study way is composed of the collected stimulus centering on the interval of the stripe pattern and value contrast coloration. Consequently 192 stimuli, changed by the pattern direction and pattern interval, clothing style, and contrast coloration, are selected. The experimental materials made for this study are a set of stimuli and response scale. The statistics way used in analysis was factor analysis, ANOVA, dispersion analysis, multiple classification analysis. The results of this study were summed as following. Firstly, In the value contrast, a pair of 27 adjectives were made of attractiveness, activeness, gracefulness, visibility, and tenderness dimension. Secondly, the direction of the pattern, interval, clothing style, and contrast coloration were respectively transformed according to value contrast.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.38A no.11
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• pp.928-937
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• 2013

This paper presents a novel contrast enhancement method based on singular value decomposition and image pyramid. The proposed method consists mainly of four steps. The proposed algorithm firstly decomposes image into band-pass images, including basis image and detail images, to improve both the global contrast and the local detail. In the global contrast process, singular value decomposition is used for contrast enhancement; the local detail scheme uses weighting factors. In the final image composition process, the proposed algorithm combines color and luminance components in order to preserve the color consistency. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm improves contrast performance and enhances detail compared to conventional methods.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.29-34
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• 2002

This study aimed to investigate the effect of design factors of woven textiles on the consumer's sensibility and emotion. 60 textile design pictures and 18 adjectives were prepared to get responses from 512 adult subjects. Textiles designs were analyzed into 9 design factors, such as, motif source, motif-background ratio, motif interpretation, motif arrangement, motif variation, motif articulation, hue contrast, value contrast, and chroma contrast. The results are followings: 1) The design factors of textiles were connected to other design factors, for example, the type of motif interpretation determined the type of chroma contrast, motif source, the ratio, and chroma contrast significantly. 2) The correlational coefficients of the ratio, motif variation, chroma contrast, hue contrast, articulation, and value contrast were positively signed significantly. 3) Consumer's sensibility was changed in urban, natural, graceful, mannish, young, dynamic, new, modem and etc, as the textile designs were changed in motif source, arrangement, hue contrast and etc.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.141-145
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• 2015

Purpose: This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of the reverse contrast mode in intraoral digital radiography for the detection of proximal dentinal caries, in comparison with the original digital radiographs. Materials and Methods: Eighty extracted premolars with no clinically apparent caries were selected, and digital radiographs of them were taken separately in standard conditions. Four observers examined the original radiographs and the same radiographs in the reverse contrast mode with the goal of identifying proximal dentinal caries. Microscopic sections $5{\mu}m$ in thickness were prepared from the teeth in the mesiodistal direction. Four slides prepared from each sample used as the diagnostic gold standard. The data were analyzed using SPSS (${\alpha}=0.05$). Results: Our results showed that the original radiographs in order to identify proximal dentinal caries had the following values for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy, respectively: 72.5%, 90%, 87.2%, 76.5%, and 80.9%. For the reverse contrast mode, however, the corresponding values were 63.1%, 89.4%, 87.1%, 73.5%, and 78.8%, respectively. The sensitivity of original digital radiograph for detecting proximal dentinal caries was significantly higher than that of reverse contrast mode (p<0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were found regarding specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, or accuracy (p>0.05). Conclusion: The sensitivity of the original digital radiograph for detecting proximal dentinal caries was significantly higher than that of the reversed contrast images. However, no statistically significant differences were found between these techniques regarding specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, or accuracy.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.972-974
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• 2009

This paper presents smart regional contrast enhancement technique of partitioned image for local dimming backlight on small-sized mobile display to reach two goals. One is to save the power consumption, and the other to improve contrast ratio of display image. Recently new advanced method is proposed, named local dimming method, that backlight LED is positioned on backside of the display panel. So it is important to partition an image by sub blocks and then post-processing independantly. This means regional contrast enhancement. After partitioning, we compare the mean luminance(Y) value of each sub-block image with the one of original whole image. If some blocks have the mean value lower than the one of whole image, they are processed with the proposed method and others are bypassed. Simultaneously the information of the processed blocks are transferred to BLC(Backlight LED Controller). And then the supply current of each backlight LED is reduced to realize the contrast ratio enhancement and at the same time to power consumption reduction. In addition, we verify this proposed method is free from blocking artifacts.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.66-67
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• 1998

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.270-279
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• 2012

This paper explores CT findings of a rabbit brain infection model injected with Escherichia coli and investigates the changes in Hounsfield unit (HU) of arterial blood over time. The brain infection model was produced by injecting E. coli $1{\times}10^7$ CFU/ml, 0.1 ml through the burr hole in the calvarium; 2~3 mm in depth from the dura mater, and contrast-enhanced CT, dynamic CT and arterial blood CT images were gained. It was found that various brain infections such as brain abscess, ventriculitis and meningitis. The CT image of brain abscess showed a typical pattern which the peripheral area was strongly contrast-enhanced while the center was weakly contrast-enhanced. The CT image of ventriculitis showed a strong contrast-enhancement along the lateral ventricle wall, and the CT image of meningitis showed a strong contrast-enhancement in the area between the telencephalon and the diencephalon. In dynamic CT images, the HU value of the infection core before injecting contrast medium was $31.01{\pm}3.55$. By 10 minutes after the injection, the value increased gradually to $40.36{\pm}3.76$. The HU value in the areas of the marginal rim where was hyper-enhanced showed $47.23{\pm}3.12$ before contrast injection, and it increased to $63.59{\pm}3.31$ about 45 seconds after the injection. In addition, the HU value of the normal brain tissue opposite to the E. coli. injected brain was $39.01{\pm}3.24$ before the injection, but after the contrast injection, the value increased to $49.01{\pm}4.29$ in about 30 seconds, and then it showed a gradual decline. In the arterial blood CT, the HU value before the contrast injection was $87.78{\pm}6.88$, and it increased dramatically between 10 to 30 seconds until it reached a maximum value of $749.13{\pm}98.48$. Then it fell sharply to $467.85{\pm}62.98$ between 30 seconds to 45 seconds and reached a plateau by 60 seconds. Later, the value showed a steady decrease and indicated $188.28{\pm}25.03$ at 20 minutes. Through this experiment, it was demonstrated that the brain infection model can be produced by injecting E. coli., and the characteristic of the infection model can be well observed with contrast-enhanced CT scan. The dynamic CT scan showed that the center of the infection was gradually contrast-enhanced, whereases the peripheral area was rapidly contrast-enhanced and then slowly decreased. As for arterial blood, it increased significantly between 10 seconds to 30 seconds after the contrast medium injection and decreased gradually after reaching a plateau.

• Korean Journal of Digital Imaging in Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2005

Purpose : Image plate (IP) is substituted for film in computed radiography. This study is to investigate into a variation of contrast and detail by the number used of image plate in computed radiography. Materials and Methods : A Contrast-Detail(CD)-RAD 2.0 phantom(Nijmegen hospital, The Netherlands) was used for this study. The computed radiography(CR) CD-RAD phantom images were acquired at 40 kVp, 160 mA, 1.6 mAs, and small focus with the Shimadzu general radiography UD-150B-10 system and Fuji FCR 5000 image process system with speed of 200. The IP used including once, 5000 times, and 10000 times also was used. The numerical value of image quality figures (IQF) was produced by CD-RAD analyser(the program is installed in the directory), and then contrast-detail curve was drawn. Results : In this study, the value of IQF was 3.53 in IP used once, 3.40 in 5000 times, and 3.22 in 10000 times. Conclusions : There was a variation of contrast-detail curve by the number used of IP with contrast-detail phantom in computed radiography. Therefore, it is necessary that the IP with lower IQF and a shift of contrast-detail curve to the lower left part is used.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 1996.06a
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• pp.175-180
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• 1996

In this paper, a new image segmentation method based on merging of two low contrast neighbor regions iteratively is proposed. It is suitable for very low bit rate coding. The proposed method reduces efficiently contour information and preserves subjective and objective image quality. It consists of image segmentation using 4-level hierarchical structure based on mathematical morphology and 1-level region merging structure using the contrast difference of two adjacent neighbor regions. For each segmented region of the third level, two adjacent neighbor regions having low contrast difference value in fourth level based on contrast difference value is merged iteratively. It preserves image quality and shows the noticeable reduction of the contour information, so that it can improve the bottleneck problem of segmentation-based coding at very low bit rate.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.287-296
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• 2012

Although low spatial resolution satellite images like MODIS and GOCI can be important to observe land surface, it is often difficult to visually interpret the imagery because of the low contrast by prevailing cloud covers. We proposed a simple and adaptive stretching algorithm to enhance image contrast over land areas in cloudy images. The proposed method is basically a linear algorithm that stretches only non-cloud pixels. The adaptive linear stretch method uses two values: the low limit (L) from image statistics and upper limit (U) from low boundary value of cloud pixels. The cloud pixel value was automatically determined by pre-developed empirical function for each spectral band. We used MODIS and GOCI images having various types of cloud distributions and coverage. The adaptive contrast stretching method was evaluated by both visual interpretation and statistical distribution of displayed brightness values.