• 제목/요약/키워드: continuous-culture technique

검색결과 42건 처리시간 0.027초

일본(日本)의 고상식(高床式) 건축(建築)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) (A study on the Upper Risen Architecture of Japan)

  • 이병건
    • 건축역사연구
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.19-38
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    • 2003
  • The purpose of this study is to analyze the architectural character of the upper risen architecture(高床式 建築) in Japan. There are few upper risen architecture and architectural remains in Korea. Until now most of Korean researcher recognized that the upper risen architecture is southern regions' form. But there are a few numbers of upper risen buildings in northern regions of Korea and China. Therefore we need to compare northern and southern regions' upper risen architecture. The scope of this study is architectural remains, sites and present buildings about upper risen architecture in Japan. The period of this study is from third to eighth century. The method of this study is the analyses of site plan(the ratio of front and side length) and construction about Japanese Architecture. And then this study compare Japanese with other countries in Korean and Chinese upper risen architecture. Results of the study are below. 1. In Japan, upper risen architecture was introduced into southern regions(southern China and southeast Asia) with rice farming culture. 2. After introduced upper risen architecture, they were influenced many architectural technique of Korean and Chinese. 3. There were many technical improvement(such as foundation stone standing method, high technical wooden frame structure and adaptable triangle frame wall at moisture) the Japanese upper risen architecture in Nara Period(奈良時代). 4. As the results, I found out that there were many similarity Korea and Japan in upper risen architecture. I think that we will try continuous to study another regions' upper risen architecture in order to define conclusion.

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Micropropagation from root segments to improve seedling quality in Chinese foxglove crops

  • Pham, Thanh Loan;Nguyen, Van Huy;Hoang, Thi Le Thu;Ha, Thi Tam Tien;Tran, Trung Kien;Vu, Xuan Duong;Cao, Phi Bang;Nguyen, Quang Trung
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • 제47권3호
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    • pp.235-241
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    • 2020
  • This is the first study to establish a complete protocol for micropropagation of Rehmannia glutinosa from root segments. The study involved investigating the effect of plant growth regulators on in vitro shoot regeneration and rooting and identifying substrates supporting survival and growth performance of ex vitro seedlings. A Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 30 g/L sucrose for shoot induction and 0.2 mg/L indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 1 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), and 1 g/L polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) for shoot multiplication resulted in the highest number of shoots per explant and shoot height. Applying a medium containing 0.5 mg/L IAA and 1 g/L PVP yielded optimal rooting of the shoots grown in vitro. Compost enriched with microbial inoculants and perlite enhanced seedling growth better than that with organic biofertilizer-free substrates (soil and sand). We recommend the continuous production of micropropagated R. glutinosa seedlings from root segments under the aforementioned conditions as a possible propagation technique for crops of this species.

문화상품 개발을 위한 발전방안 연구 - 국립박물관 뮤지엄샵을 중심으로 (A Study on the Current Status and further Development of Cultural Products)

  • 정용순
    • 디자인학연구
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    • 제14권2호
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    • pp.7-14
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    • 2001
  • 21세기 문화의 시대를 맞이하여 문화상품에 대한 관심이 더욱 고조되고 있다. 이 문화상품은 전통과 의식이 담긴 우리민족의 얼굴이라 할 수 있으며 상품의 이미지는 곧 국가의 이미지가 되는 것이다. 현재 우리 나라 문화상품 개발의 문제점은 관련업체의 재정적 영세성과 전통문화에 대한 이해부족, 디자인과 제작기술의 낙후, 판매시설과 유통망 확보의 어려움 등을 들 수 있으며, 이는 국적불명의 상품, 전통이나 규격에 맞지 않는 상품의 난립을 초래하고 있다. 문화상품 개발에 있어서는 우선 전통문화에 대한 전문적인 조사와 자료수집을 바탕으로 문화적 요소를 상품화시켜 경쟁력있는 디자인을 개발해야 한다. 또한, 재료와 기술개발을 통해 과거의 답습에 그치지 않고 대량생산도 가능하도록 하여야 하며, 가격상승의 요인이 되는 중간도매상을 거치지 않고 직접 거래 할 수 있도록 유통구조의 개선도 필요하다. 이와 더불어 박물관과 정부는 지속적인 문화에 대한 교육과 국민의 참여유도로 문화경쟁시대에 적극적으로 대처해 나가야 할 것이다.

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LDA 알고리즘을 이용한 프랜차이즈 연구 동향에 대한 토픽모델링 분석 (Topic Modeling Analysis of Franchise Research Trends Using LDA Algorithm)

  • 양회창
    • 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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    • 제12권4호
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    • pp.13-23
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: This study aimed to derive clues for the franchise industry to overcome difficulties such as various legal regulations and social responsibility demands and to continuously develop by analyzing the research trends related to franchises published in Korea. Research design, data and methodology: As a result of searching for 'franchise' in ScienceON, abstracts were collected from papers published in domestic academic journals from 1994 to June 2021. Keywords were extracted from the abstracts of 1,110 valid papers, and after preprocessing, keyword analysis, TF-IDF analysis, and topic modeling using LDA algorithm, along with trend analysis of the top 20 words in TF-IDF by year group was carried out using the R-package. Results: As a result of keyword analysis, it was found that businesses and brands were the subjects of research related to franchises, and interest in service and satisfaction was considerable, and food and coffee were prominently studied as industries. As a result of TF-IDF calculation, it was found that brand, satisfaction, franchisor, and coffee were ranked at the top. As a result of LDA-based topic modeling, a total of 12 topics including "growth strategy" were derived and visualized with LDAvis. On the other hand, the areas of Topic 1 (growth strategy) and Topic 9 (organizational culture), Topic 4 (consumption experience) and Topic 6 (contribution and loyalty), Topic 7 (brand image) and Topic 10 (commercial area) overlap significantly. Finally, the trend analysis results for the top 20 keywords with high TF-IDF showed that 10 keywords such as quality, brand, food, and trust would be more utilized overall. Conclusions: Through the results of this study, the direction of interest in the franchise industry was confirmed, and it was found that it was necessary to find a clue for continuous growth through research in more diverse fields. And it was also considered an important finding to suggest a technique that can supplement the problems of topic trend analysis. Therefore, the results of this study show that researchers will gain significant insights from the perspectives related to the selection of research topics, and practitioners from the perspectives related to future franchise changes.

Evaluation of Bio-Control Efficacy of Trichoderma Strains against Alternaria alternata Causing Leaf Blight of Ashwagandha [Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal]

  • Rahman, Md. Ahsanur;Rahman, Md. Arifur;Moni, Zakiah Rahman;Rahman, Mohammad Anisur
    • Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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    • 제36권3호
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    • pp.207-218
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    • 2020
  • Ashwagandha is an important ancient medicinal crops, being affected with many diseases, among which leaf blight caused by Alternaria alternata has become the constraint resulting in huge yield losses. Continuous usage of chemical methods leads to environment, soil and water pollution. Whereas biological control of diseases is long lasting, inexpensive, eco-friendly and harmless to target organisms. In this context, it is aimed to evaluate five Trichoderma strains viz. Trichoderma virens IMI-392430, T. pseudokoningii IMI-392431, T. harzianum IMI-392432, T. harzianum IMI-392433 and T. harzianum IMI-392434 as bio-control efficacy against A. alternata and growth promoting effect in Ashwagandha. All the Trichoderma strains had varied antagonistic effects against the pathogen. In dual culture technique, the strain T. harzianum IMI-392433 showed maximum percentage inhibition of mycelial growth (54.89%) followed by T. harzianum IMI-392432 (53.83%), T. harzianum IMI-392434 (48.94%) and T. virens IMI-392430, (43.62%) against the pathogen, while the least inhibition percentage was observed with the T. pseudokoningii IMI-392431 (36.60%). The culture filtrate of the Trichoderma strain, T. harzianum IMI-392433 recorded highest inhibition on the mycelial growth (39.05%) and spore germination (80.77%) of pathogen and the lowest was recorded in T. pseudokoningii IMI-392431 (20.45 and 50%). Moreover, seeds treated with spore suspension of the strain T. harzianum IMI-392433 reduced the percentages of disease severity index significantly. The strain T. harzianum IMI-392433 also significantly increased seed germination %, seedling vigor and growth of Ashwagandha. The correlation matrix showed that root yield per plant of Ashwagandha had significant and positive correlation with plant height (r=0.726⁎⁎), number of leaf (r=0.514⁎⁎), number of primary branch (r=0.820⁎⁎), number of secondary branch (r=0.829⁎⁎), fresh plant weight (r=0.887⁎⁎), plant dry weight (r=0.613⁎⁎), root length (r=0.824⁎⁎), root diameter (r=0.786⁎⁎), root dry weight (r=0.739⁎⁎) and fresh root weight (r=0.731⁎⁎). The significant and negative correlation (r=-0.336⁎⁎) was observed with the root yield and percentages of disease severity index. The study recognized that the T. harzianum IMI-392433 strain performed well in inhibiting the mycelial growth and reduced the percentages of disease severity index of pathogen as well as increased the plant growth in Ashwagandha.

흰가루병 생물적 방제용 중복기생균 Ampelomyces quisqualis 94013의 대량배양 (Mass Cultivation of A Hyperparasite, Ampelomyces quisqualis 94013 for Biological Control of Powdery Mildew)

  • 이상엽;김용기;김홍기
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제13권3호
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    • pp.191-196
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    • 2007
  • Ampelomyces quisqualis 94013(AQ94013)는 오이 흰가루병에 대한 생물적 방제를 위하여 효과적인 기생균으로 선발되었다. AQ94013균의 대량배양기술을 개발하기 위하여 보리쌀, 쌀, 기장, 현미, 수수, 볍씨의 6종의 곡류를 이용하여 실험하였다. 그 중에서 보리쌀은 AQ94013의 생장과 포자형성에 가장 좋은 배지였다. 대량배양의 최적온도는 $25^{\circ}C$이였으며, $20^{\circ}C$$30^{\circ}C$ 순이었다. 암배양 보다 광을 하루에 12시간 주기로 조사한 보리쌀배지에서 포자수가 적어서 광은 AQ94013의 포자형성을 억제하였다. 그러나 $30^{\circ}C$에서 형성된 포자는 오이 흰가루병균(Sphaerotheca fusca)에 대하여 30일간 기생력을 유지하였다. 보리 AQ94013의 배양방법은 30l-발효조를 이용하여 쌀분말(40g/l)을 첨가한 보리쌀분말액체배지에서 $25^{\circ}C$에서 5일간 암배양이 포자대량배양에 매우 효과적이었다.

베를린 서울정원 이용객의 한국성 인지 양상 (A Foreign Visitors Recognition with Respect to Koreaness of 'Seoul Garden' in Berlin, Germany)

  • 윤영조
    • 한국전통조경학회지
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    • 제36권1호
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    • pp.67-77
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    • 2018
  • 본 연구는 독일 베를린 마르찬 세계정원 내에 조성된 한국전통정원인 서울정원의 현지 이용객을 대상으로 한국정원에 대한 인지성과 정원의 선호요소, 인접한 중국, 일본 전통정원과의 인식차이를 중심으로 분석하였다. 서울정원은 앞서 조성된 중국정원, 일본정원보다 상대적으로 잘 알려진 것으로 나타났다. 마르찬공원 내에서의 한국정원의 특별성에 대한 인지도는 평균수준으로 타 국가의 전통정원과의 차별성을 인식하지 못하고 있었다. 이는 동양 3국의 전통정원이 공원 내에 인접하여 배치되어 있어 이용객들의 연속적인 관람이 이뤄지고 있다는 것과 자연형 배식기법의 적용에 따른 유사한 수종의 구성을 통해 경관이 연출되고 있는데서 그 원인을 찾을 수 있으며, 나아가 한국정원이 타 동양정원과 비교될 만한 독특한 공간구성, 식재 수종의 다양성과 대표성, 설계단계에서의 해당 국민의 동양정원문화에 대한 인지성 분석 등 다각적인 차별화 방안이 향후 제시되어야 함을 의미한다. 방문 전후 한국정원에 대한 이해도 결과는 사전정보 없이 방문한 이용객의 경우 한국정원에 대한 이해도가 높게 나타났고, 재방문 의사도 높게 나타나 서울정원이 한국전통정원의 홍보와 이해에 기여한 것으로 해석된다. 한국성을 표출하고 있는 서울정원의 선호요소 중 수경관의 폭포와 계류, 정자와 자연석에 대한 관심이 많은 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 설계개념에서 제시한 독락당과 별서정원의 입지구조, 독락당 전면 너럭바위와 계류를 모티브로 한 한국정원의 경관연출기법이 중국과 일본의 전통정원과 차별성을 가질 수 있다는 가능성을 보여준다. 물리적 환경에서 지배적인 정원 건축물에 대한 양식적 차이와 함께 한국적 자연경관 형성을 통한 정원의 연출은 외국인에게 독특한 정원요소로 인식될 수 있을 것이다.

현대회화에서의 형태와 물질 -Digital Transfiguration에 관한 연구- (Digital painting: Image transfonnation, simulation, heterologie and transfonnation)

  • 정숙영
    • 조형예술학연구
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    • 제10권
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    • pp.161-181
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    • 2006
  • The words which appeared in my theoretical study and work are image transformation to digital painting, simulation, heterologie and transfiguration, etc. Firstly, let's look into 'digital era' or 'new media era'. Nowadays, the image world including painting within the rapid social and cultural change, which is called as digital era, is having the dramatic change. Together with the development of scientific technology, large number of events which was deemed to be impossible is happening as real in image world Moreover, these changes in image world is greatly influencing to our life. The word which compresses this change of image world and shows is 'digital'. Digit, which means fingers in Latin, indicates separately changing signal, and to be more narrow, it indicates the continual signal of '0' and ' 1' in computer. The opposite word is 'analogue'. As analogue is the word meaning 'infer' or 'similarity', it indicates the signal or form which continuously changes along the series of time when it is compared to digital. Instead of analogue, digital is embossed as a major ruler along the whole area of our current culture. In whole culture and art area, and in whole generalscience, digital is appearing as it has the modernism and importance. The prefix, 'digital', e.g. digital media, digital culture, digital design, digital philosophy, etc, is treated as the synonym of modernism and something new. This advent of digital results the innovative change to the image world, creates the new beauty experience which we could not experience before, and forecasts the formation of advanced art and expansion of creative area. Various intellectual activities using computer is developing the whole world with making the infrastructure. Computer in painting work immediately accomplishes the idea of painters, takes part in simulation work, contingency such as abrupt reversal, extraction, twisting, shaking, obscureness, overlapping, etc, and timing to stimulate the creativity of painters, and provides digital formative language which enables new visual experience to the audience. When the change of digital era, the image appeared in my work is shown in 'transfiguration' like drawing. The word, 'transfiguration' does not indicate the completed and fixed real substance but indicate endlessly moving and floating shape. Thus, this concept is opposite to the substantial consideration, so that various concepts which is able to replace this in accordance with the similar cases are also exist such as change, deterioration, mutation, deformity of appearance and morphing which is frequently used in computer as a technical word. These concepts are not clearly classified, and variably and complicatedly related. Transfiguration basically means the denial of "objectivity' and '(continual) stagnation' or deviation from those. This phenomenon is appeared through the all art schools of art ever since the realism is denied in the 19th century. It is called as 'deformation' in case of expressionism, futurism, cubism, etc, in the beginning of the century, which its former indication is mostly preserved within the process of structural deviation and which has the realistic limit which should be preserved. On the contrary, dramatic transfiguration which has been showing in the modern era through surrealism is different in the point that dramatic transfiguration tends to show the deterioration and deviation rather than the preservation of indicated object. From this point, transfiguration coming out from morphing using computer deteriorates and hides the reality and furthermore, it replaces the 'reality'. Moreover, transfiguration is closely approached to the world of fake or 'imaginary' simulation world of Baudrillard. According to Baudrillard, the image hides and deteriorates the reality, and furthermore, expresses 'not existing' to 'imaginary' under the name of transfiguration. Certain reality, that is, image which is absent from the reality is created and overflowed, so that it finally replaces the reality. This is simulation as it is said by Baudrillard. In turn, Georges Bataille discusses about the image which is produced by digital technology in terms of heterologie. Image of heterologie is the visual signal which is established with the media. Image of media is to have the continuous characteristics of produce, extinction, and transformation, and its clear boundary between images becomes meaningless. The meaning of composition, excess, violation, etc of digital image is explained to heterological study or heteologie suggested as important meaning of Georges Bataille who is a heretic philosopher. As the form and image of mutation shows the shape in accordance with mechanical production, heterologie is introduced as very low materialism (or bas materialisme), in this theory. Heterologie as low materialism which is gradually changing is developing as a different concept and analysis because of the change of time in the late 20s century beside high or low meaning. Including my image, all images non-standardizes and transforms the code. However, reappearance and non-standardization of this code does not seem to be simple. The problem of transformation caused by transfiguration which appears in my digital drawing painting, simulation, heterologie, etc, are the continual problems. Moreover, the subject such as existence of human being, distance from the real life, politics and social problems are being extended to actual research and various expressing work. Especially, individual image world is established by digital painting transfiguration technique, and its change and review start to have the durability. The consciousness of observers who look at the image is changing the subject. Together with theoretical research, researchers are to establish the first step to approach to various image change of digital era painting through transfiguration technique using our realistic and historical image.

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아이트래킹 평가 방법과 경관 형용사 평가 비교 연구 - 대학 캠퍼스 야간경관을 대상으로 - (Comparative Study on Eye-Tracking Evaluation and Landscape Adjectives Evaluation - Focusing on the Nightscape of a University Campus -)

  • 강영은;김송이;백재봉
    • 한국조경학회지
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    • 제46권1호
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    • pp.38-48
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    • 2018
  • 본 연구는 다양한 야간경관의 특성을 파악하기 위하여 아이트래킹 평가 방법과 경관 형용사 평가 방법의 비교를 통하여 시지각적 경관 지각에 대한 이해를 높이고, 경관 평가 영역을 확장하기 위한 연구논문이다. 연구 결과, 캠퍼스 야간경관을 대상으로 한 아이트래킹 평가 결과에서는 '눈 깜빡임 수(Blink count)', '눈 응시 시간(Fixation duration) 평균', '시선의 급격한 이동시간(Saccade duration) 평균'과 경관 형용사 중 '아름다운', '흥미로운', '접근성이 높은', '만족하는', '안전한' 형용사와 유의미한 상관관계가 있음이 검증되었다. 또한, 캠퍼스 야간경관의 관심지역 분석 및 비교에서는 경관 특성별 관심영역이 달라지는 경향성을 파악하였으며, 특히 '문', '표지판' 등 특수 경관 요소에 집중하여 시선이 고정되는 것으로 도출되었다. 이상의 결과들을 통하여 아이트래킹 분석 방법이 '경관 요소'에 대한 평가를 구체화시킬 수 있는 효율적인 도구라고 판단하였으며, 기존 개념으로만 제시되었던 경관 선호 이론들을 뒷받침할 수 있는 근거로 활용될 수 있다는 측면도 의미 있는 결과라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 이처럼 객관적인 경관 평가 기법으로서 아이트래킹의 다양한 활용 가능성을 제안하였으며, 지속적인 연구 결과의 축적으로 경관계획에 구체적인 시사점을 제시할 수 있을 것이다.

Haddock, Melanogrammus aeglefinus 자어의 초기성장 (Early Growth of Cultured Larval Haddock, Melanogrammus aeglefinus)

  • 박인석;;허준욱
    • 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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    • 제10권4호
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    • pp.271-275
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    • 2006
  • 본 연구의 목적은 부화 후 67일 동안 대서양산 Haddock, Melanogrammus aeglefinus 치어의 초기성장을 조사하여, 본 종의 발생생물학과 양식 측면에서의 정보 제공하고자 한다. 전장성장은 $TL=3.5374e^{0.0536X}(r^2=0.8759$, TL은 전장이며, X는 부화 후 표본시일), 체중성장은 $BW=0.0002e^{0.1858X}(r^2=0.8671$, BW는 체중이며, X는 부화 후 표본시일)로 각 성장들은 지속적인 성장을 보였다. 체고와 가슴지느러미 길이는 연속적인 성장을 보여 체고성장은 $BD=0.3545e^{0.0778X}(r^2=0.9563$, BD는 체고이며, X는 부화 후 표본시일)였으며 가슴지느러미 길이성장은 $PL=0.0111e^{0.1591X}(r^2=0.9194$, PL은 가슴지느러미 길이이며, X는 부화 후 표본시일). 전장에 대한 체고의 상관관계식은 BD=0.2397X-0.5735($r^2=0.9957$, BD는 체고이며, X는 전장)이었으며 전장에 대한 가슴지느러미 길이의 상관관계식은 PL=0.1929X-1.3767($r^2=0.9882$, PL은 가슴지느러미 길이이며, X는 전장)이었다. 체고에 대한 가슴지느러미 길이성장은 PL=0.8117BD-0.9718($r^2=0.9814$, PL은 가슴지느러미 길이이며, BD는 체고)이었다. 체중에 대한 체고는 $BD=-9.4734X^2+19.046X+1.3672(r^2=0.9041$, BD는 체고이며, X는 체중)로, 체중에 대한 가슴지느러미 길이는 $PL=-6.379X^2+14.023X+0.3774(r^2=0.9494$, PL은 가슴지느러미 길이이며, X는 체중)이었다. 본 연구결과의 Haddock 치어 초기성장 특성은 Haddock 치어 사육에 도움이 될 것이다.

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