Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회지)

The Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회)
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Comparative Study on Eye-Tracking Evaluation and Landscape Adjectives Evaluation - Focusing on the Nightscape of a University Campus -

아이트래킹 평가 방법과 경관 형용사 평가 비교 연구 - 대학 캠퍼스 야간경관을 대상으로 -

  • Received : 2017.10.30
  • Accepted : 2018.01.02
  • Published : 2018.02.28
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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to improve the understanding of visual perception and to extend the landscape evaluation area by comparing eye-tracking evaluation and landscape adjective evaluation methods towards various type of nightscapes. As a result of the study, it showed that 'blink count', 'fixation duration average', and 'saccade duration average' of eye tracking measurements have a significant correlation with 'beautiful', 'interesting', 'accessible', 'satisfying', and 'safe' regarding landscape adjectives. In addition, there was a tendency toward areas of interests (AOIs) depending on 12 different nightscapes, which showed that the gaze was fixated by focusing on certain landscape elements such as 'door' and 'signs'. These results suggest that the eye-tracking method is an effective tool to specify the evaluation of 'landscape elements' rather than the 'whole landscape' and can be used as a basis to support landscape preference theories, which has been presented as conceptual only. In this way, the results of this study demonstrated the possibility of various applications of eye tracking as an objective landscape evaluation technique, and it is possible to suggest specific implications to landscape planning through the accumulation of continuous research results.

본 연구는 다양한 야간경관의 특성을 파악하기 위하여 아이트래킹 평가 방법과 경관 형용사 평가 방법의 비교를 통하여 시지각적 경관 지각에 대한 이해를 높이고, 경관 평가 영역을 확장하기 위한 연구논문이다. 연구 결과, 캠퍼스 야간경관을 대상으로 한 아이트래킹 평가 결과에서는 '눈 깜빡임 수(Blink count)', '눈 응시 시간(Fixation duration) 평균', '시선의 급격한 이동시간(Saccade duration) 평균'과 경관 형용사 중 '아름다운', '흥미로운', '접근성이 높은', '만족하는', '안전한' 형용사와 유의미한 상관관계가 있음이 검증되었다. 또한, 캠퍼스 야간경관의 관심지역 분석 및 비교에서는 경관 특성별 관심영역이 달라지는 경향성을 파악하였으며, 특히 '문', '표지판' 등 특수 경관 요소에 집중하여 시선이 고정되는 것으로 도출되었다. 이상의 결과들을 통하여 아이트래킹 분석 방법이 '경관 요소'에 대한 평가를 구체화시킬 수 있는 효율적인 도구라고 판단하였으며, 기존 개념으로만 제시되었던 경관 선호 이론들을 뒷받침할 수 있는 근거로 활용될 수 있다는 측면도 의미 있는 결과라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 이처럼 객관적인 경관 평가 기법으로서 아이트래킹의 다양한 활용 가능성을 제안하였으며, 지속적인 연구 결과의 축적으로 경관계획에 구체적인 시사점을 제시할 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

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