• 보존과학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.516-524
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• 2021

현대미술의 보존처리에 있어서 '작가의 의도'는 방향성을 결정하는 중요한 역할을 하게 된다. 이에 따라 작가, 유족, 재단 등 일종의 의사 결정권을 가지는 이들이 소유한 작품에 관한 정보는 매우 중요하다. 그중 작가 인터뷰는 명확한 '작가의 의도'를 제공할 수 있는 자료로써 작가 사후에도 신뢰도 높은 보존처리가 이루어질 수 있도록 한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 국립현대미술관 소장 목제 작품에 대한 보존처리를 진행함에 있어서, 들뜨고 분리된 수피 상태에 적용할 충전제의 제조에 작가 인터뷰 내용 속 수종에 관한 정보를 활용하고자 하였다. 보존처리 결과 작품의 수피는 안정적인 보존처리가 이루어졌지만, 수종분석을 통해 작가 인터뷰의 정보가 실제와 다름을 확인하였다. 결론적으로 작가 및 유족 등으로부터 제공받은 정보를 활용함에 있어 유의할 필요가 있다는 점을 시사하고자 한다. 또한 이번 연구 결과를 바탕으로 향후 비슷한 수피 상태를 가진 작품의 보존처리에 도움이 될 것으로 기대한다.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.464-476
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• 2021

현대미술은 작가의 개성에 따라 다양한 재질을 사용하기 때문에 사용한 재료의 특성과 작가의 표현 의도를 파악하여 보존처리를 실시해야 한다. 본 연구는 비누로 제작된 작품의 열화원인을 분석하고 안정적인 전시 및 보관을 위한 온습도 환경 실험을 실시하여, 작가의 제작의도 변화에 따른 작품의 형태를 장기적으로 유지하는 데 목표를 두고 있다. 비누작품의 용출물은 분석결과 글리세린으로 확인되었으며, 글리세린이 습도에 민감하게 반응하기 때문에 온습도 환경실험을 통해 상대습도 60~65%가 안정적인 환경임을 확인하였다. 각 작품에 적절한 보존처리를 다양한 방법으로 적용하였으며, 실험결과와 연구 자료에 따라 비누 적정 온습도 환경을 온도 20±2℃, 상대습도 60±5%로 제안하였다.

• 한국패션뷰티학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2008

The Institute of Contemporary Art has gathered, arranged and exchanged historical data and a variety of information of art. It also aims at Helping revitalize artistic activities and develop diverse areas of art among regions. This scheme for revitalization of art includes holding seminars, international exhibitions or regional exchange exhibitions, publishing papers, and enhancing art education. This paper provides a view of what the Institute of Contemporary Art at Kunsan University has done so far, pursues better ways for revitalization of artistic activities, and suggests a future-oriented approach for making the institute a place for regional exchange of modem art and design.

• 박물관보존과학
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• 제27권
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• pp.23-38
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• 2022

최만린 작가의 <이브 58-1>은 석고 입상으로 광복 이후 추상미술 조각 조형이념이 반영된 '이브' 시리즈의 초기 작업 시기에 제작되었다. 근·현대 조각품은 다양한 재료로 제작되기 때문에 재료의 선택과 표현기법이 작가의 의도와 시대성을 반영한다. 따라서 초기작품인 <이브 58-1>에 사용된 재료와 제작기법은 작가의 작품활동 연대기에 중요한 기초자료이다. 본 연구에서는 과학적 분석을 통해 제작기법을 확인하고 여러 의사결정권자의 협의를 통해 보존처리 범위를 설정하고자 하였다. 먼저, X-CT 내부구조 확인 후 재질분석을 실시하여 작품의 형상학적 특징과 재료 및 제작기법을 확인하였다. 분석결과 상대적으로 안정한 상태로 판단되어 소장 기관, 작가 조수, 작가 생전 인터뷰 등의 의견을 종합하여 최소한의 보존처리를 실시하였다.

• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제13호
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• pp.133-156
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• 2012

This paper briefly charts the history of excrement as part of the late 20th-century art and explores ways in which excrement functions in the realms of 'High' art. From Piero Manzoni's to David Hammons' performance , excrement has taken a small yet distinctively important part in the development of contemporary art. In an attempt to challenge the hegemony of 'high' art, on the one hand, and resist the commercialization and fetishization of art, on the other, Manzoni allegedly offered his own "shit" preserved in a tin can and sold it at the price of gold of the same weight. Andy Warhol took the legendary Abstract-Expressionist painter Jackson Pollock as the object of parody, simulating Pollock's dripping action by pissing onto the canvas that had been primed with copper-based paint. Warhol's urination produced splashes and stains of iridescent colors just as the patterns on ordinary abstract paintings. In contrast to Pollock's masculine action, Warhol's pissing alludes to the artist's homosexuality. Excrements in art also provoked controversies, debates, and even acts of vandalism against the artworks. The works of Andres Serrano and Chris Ofili infuriated many Christians for the blasphemous use of excrement with religious icons. Politicians engaged in the heated debates on the use of public and national funds in support of some of the 'politically incorrect' contemporary art. In the midst of media sensation and criticisms, these works challenged the conventional understanding of artistic beauty. The preexisting artworks were also targeted. African-american artist Hammons assumed the role of spectator in by urinating on Richard Serra's sculpture in the street of New York City. It was an act condemnation levelled at the racist pattern of the way in which large portions of funds and commisions of "public" art tended to promote established 'white' artists, whose work or creative process often failed to reflect the actual public. The use of excrement in art is not unusual in contemporary art practices. With its subversive power, excrement plays an important critical roles in the shaping of contemporary art.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2020

It is difficult to predict the kinds of damage to contemporary art because of the diversity of materials and experimental techniques used. This makes it hard to conserve. Furthermore, the artist's intention in contemporary art is emerging as one of the important issues to be handled in conservation treatment. Thus, collaboration with various stakeholders such as the artists themselves, bereaved family members, and foundations have become more important than ever from the viewpoint of planning conservation treatment. The trustworthiness of conservation treatment would be significantly enhanced if conservation treatment reflected the understanding and respect of not only the appearance of the work, but also the social/cultural context inherent in the work. This should be done, in particular, through collaboration with the artists. In this study, various case studies at home and abroad were analyzed as to explore collaboration methods with various stakeholders for objective and trustworthy conservation treatment. Along the way, the study raised the need to establish new conservation ethics for contemporary art. It is expected that the outcomes of the study could be used as basic material to preserve the originality of contemporary artwork and to set the direction for conservation practice.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.333-343
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• 2016

현대 미술품 중 페인팅 된 야외 조각품의 수량이 증가함에 따라 보존처리에 대한 연구가 진행되고 있으나 아직은 초기단계이다. 국립현대미술관 과천관 야외조각공원에 전시되었던 니키 드 생팔(Niki de Saint Phalle)의 '검은 나나(Black Nana, 1964년)'는 야외전시로 인하여 작품 표면 페인트층의 박락 및 열화가 진행되었으며, 이로 인해 보존처리가 요구되었다. 보존처리를 시행하기에 앞서 '검은 나나'에 사용된 페인트의 성분 및 종류를 알아보기 위하여 단면관찰, FT-IR, Raman, Py-GC/Mass 분석을 실시하였으며, 해외 선행연구 결과와 비교하였다. 그 결과, '검은 나나'에 사용된 페인트 종류 및 색상은 해외 선행연구 결과와 일치하였으며, 손상 유형 역시 유사함을 확인하였다. 본 연구결과는 '검은 나나' 보존처리에 필요한 재료선정 및 보존처리 방법에 있어서 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다. 또한, 보존처리 시 작가의 재단 및 어시스턴트 등과의 협력을 통해 작가의 제작의도를 정확하게 파악하여 작품의 원본성을 존중한 보존처리가 진행될 것으로 기대된다.

• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제10호
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• pp.85-103
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• 2010

Mona Hatoum and community make unlikely bedfellows. From her beginnings as a teenage exile to her maturity as an internationally celebrated artistic nomad, Hatoum defies classification within any single geographical or cultural community. Attempting, however, to locate specific points of contact between her and certain communities in terms of artist-in-residence projects in which she participated might be a particularly fruitful way of circumventing her notorious critical resistance to identity and her refusal of homogeneity. This paper starts with Miwon Kwon's critique of contemporary practices in community-based art, which locate an essentialising force that isolates a single point of commonality and overlooks authentic differences. It then turns to Jean-Luc Nancy's reconceptualization of community as 'unworked' and 'being-in-common' to provide analytical tools for avoiding the dangers of essentialism. By examining the three residencies that Hatoum accepted in the mid-1990s in the light of Nancy's observations and theories, and by bringing the idea of artistic nomadism and that of community into juxtaposition, we hope to show that Hatoum succeeds in finding an equilibrium between art and community, and that this sheds new light on the issues raised in recent discussions on such relationship.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.15-32
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• 2012

From the beginning of the twentieth century, 'Modernism' impacted and transformed art and clothing. Pablo Picasso and Gabrielle 'Coco' Chanel were two of the most central characters in Modernism working simultaneously in their disciplines. Picasso's innovations, particularly in abstract art and Chanel's fashion designs, that dramatically departed from the previous corseted and highly decorative styles, were so significant that they have left an influence on contemporary art and fashion. This study will compare their visual works and documented evidence of their motivations, within the context of their cultural backgrounds, to reveal meaning in the occurrences of overlaps. This approach has examined the historical, cultural background of the artist and designer's environment from different perspectives, adding to previous research in this area. Through this research, outcomes of the analysis have shown similarities and divergences in the wider genres of art and fashion and the practice of the artist and fashion designer. The reference list to this text, used in the survey, gives a comprehensive overview of pertinent publications disseminating Picasso and Chanel's visual works, oral perspectives and cultural impact.

• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제13호
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• pp.35-71
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• 2012

The purpose of this essay is to examine the responses of artists on nuclear experiences through an analysis of the nuclear images represented in contemporary Japanese art. Japan has previously as twice experienced nuclear disaster in 20th century. The first atomic bombs were dropped in 1945 as well as the 5th Fukuryumaru, Japanese pelagic fishing boat, exposed by hydrogen bomb test operated by the US in 1954 nearby Bikini atoll. Due to Tsunami taken place by the great earthquake that caused the meltdown of Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant in March 2010, Japan is being experienced a nuclear disaster again. Despite practical experiences, comtemporary Japanese art has avoided the subject of nuclear disasters since the end of the Asia-Pacific War for a variety of reasons. Firstly, GHQ prohibited to record or depict the terrible effect of atomic bomb until 1946. Secondly, Japanese government has tried to sweep the affair under the carpet quite a while a fact of nuclear damage to their people. Because Japan has produced numerous war record paintings during the Second World War, in the aftermath of the defeated war, most of Japanese artists thought that dealing with politics, economics, and social subject was irrelevant to art as well as style of amateur in order to erase their melancholic memory on it. In addition, silence that was intended to inhibit victims of nuclear disasters from being provoked psychologically has continued the oblivion on nuclear disasters. For these reasons, to speak on nuclear bombs has been a kind of taboo in Japan. However, shortly after the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima, the artist couple Iri and Toshi Maruki visited to ruin site as a volunteer for Victim Relief. They portrayed the horrible scenes of the legacy of nuclear bomb since 1950 based on their observation. Under the condition of rapid economical growth in 1960s and 1970s, Japanese subculture such as comics, TV animations, plastic model, and games produced a variety of post apocalyptic images recalling the war between the USA and Japanese militarism, and battle simulation based on nuclear energy. While having grown up watching subculture emerged as Japan Neo-Pop in 1990s, New generation appreciate atomic images such as mushroom cloud which symbolizes atomic bomb of Hiroshima. Takashi Murakami and other Neo-Pop artists appropriate mushroom cloud image in their work. Murakami curated three exhibitions including and persists in superflat and infantilism as an evidence in order to analyze contemporary Japanese society. However, his concept, which is based on atomic bomb radiation exposure experience only claimed on damage and sacrifice, does not reflect Japan as the harmer. Japan has been constructing nuclear power plants since 1954 in the same year when the 5th Fukuryumaru has exposed until the meltdown of Fukushima Nuclear Plant although took place of nuclear radiation exposures of Three Mile and Chernobyl. Due to the exploding of Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant, Japan reconsiders the danger of nuclear disaster. In conclusion, the purpose of this paper may be found that the sense of victim which flowed in contemporary art is able to inquire into the response of artist on the subject of nuclear as well as the relationship between society, politics, culture, and modern history of Japan and international political situation.