• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.16-22
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• 1979

Clinical evaluation of contact sensitization to 2, 4-dinitro-chlorobenzene [DNCB] was performed in 2 groups: group A [30 patients with non-malignant disease] and group B [30 patients with bronchogenic carcinoma]. Initial sensitization was elicited out by applying 2, 000 ug of DNCB to skin surface of the both group A and B. Subsequently a relatively weak challenge dose, 200 ug of DNCB, was applied 14 days later, showing the satisfactory results of sensitization with minimizing non-specific irritative inflammatory skin response. Delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions shown by spontaneous flare phenomena appeared at the challenge site, and they were assessed 48 hours later. The reaction were graded from +1 to +4 according to the degree of flare or vesicular reaction. The results were as follows: 1. 28 cases [93%] of group A, however, only 18 cases [67%] of group B exhibited delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction to DNCB contact sensitization [P<0.02]. 2. Of group A, the delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions above +2 of DNCB score were 25 cases [83%], meanwhile 11 cases [37%] in group B [P<0.001]. 3. Undifferentiated carcinomas showed highest incidence of anergy to DNCB contact sensitization in the all histologic types of group B. 4. In group B, 8 [42%] of 19 cases who react to DNCB were resectable, whereas only 2 [18 %] of 11 cases who failed to react to DNCB were resectable for curative cancer surgery. These study suggests that cellular immune reaction of group B was depressed remarkably comparing with that of group A.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.167-172
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• 2000

Both immune reaction and hypersensitivity reaction are occurred by the same mechanism, the antigen and antibody reaction. The favorable result of this reaction towards a host is called clinically an immune reaction and the opposite results is called an hypersensitivity reaction. Type IV hypersensitivity reaction is a delayed type which is related to the cellular immune reaction and a contact hypersensitivity is included in this type. Various dental materials such as metal (mercury, nickel, chrome, cobalt), resin and eugenol are etiologic substances. Patch test kit is composed of test substance with a controlled concentration which respond only to a susceptible patient and an aluminum chamber, and etiologic substances for hypersensitivity can be easily and comfortably found just by applying the kit to the patient's skin. In this case report, the patch test was performed to a patients with oral lichen planus and the allergen, restorative material was found. After removal of the matching restoration from the patient's mouth, the symptom was improved.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.472-476
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• 2002

Contact hypersensitivity (CHS) serves as a good model of cell-mediated reaction. Epidermal langerhans cell (LC) are thought to playa crucial role in the regulation of immune reaction of the skin, which elicit the CHS response by presenting Antigen to trafficking Ag-specific T cells within the skin. However, contact hypersensitivity is regarded as a negative side of immunities, caused by increased damaging immune response. Therefore, the study of effector molecule causing immune suppression is thought to be meaningful in the skin immune response. For this aim, this study investigated the influence of pedunculagin on cytokine, IL-$\beta$ expression from langerhans cell (LC). In vitro and in vivo, pedunculagin up-regulated the expression of IL-1$\beta$ mRNA. After PMA stimulation in vitro and DNFB sensitization in vivo, the expression of IL-1$\beta$ mRNA was down-regulated. This results suggested that pedunculagin could be immuno-modulator in skin immune system by modulating IL-1$\beta$ expression.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.440-445
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• 2010

Effect of brine mineral water(BMW) on contact hypersensitivity reaction(CHR) was estimated using trimellitic anhydride (TMA) induced CHR in the mouse. BMW exhibited potent inhibitory activity on TMA induced CHR. BMW treatment suppressed the ear swelling, and attenuated hyper-activated lymph nodes stimulated by TMA challenge, thereby reduced their weight. The immunological index was analyzed after BMW administration in CHR. The level of serum IgE was significantly down regulated after BMW treatment. Furthermore, BMW showed inhibitory property of cytokine production. BMW treatment suppressed not only Th2 type cytokine, IL-4 but also pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-6. From the histological analysis, the inflammatory context appeared by atopic dermatitis lesion after challenging with TMA are diminished by BMW treatment. Our results suggest that BMW may attenuate the development of CHR, and can be available for functional ingredient.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.755-757
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• 2015

Mouse models of chronic toxoplasmosis and atopic dermatitis (AD) were combined to clarify the effect of opportunistic Toxoplasma gondii infection on the development of AD. AD was induced as a chronic contact hypersensitivity (CHS) with repeated challenge of 2,4,6-trinitro-1-chlorobenzene (TNCB) on the dorsal skin of mice. TNCB induced skin thickness increases in both normal and toxoplasmic mice. The changing patterns were different from the sigmoidal which saturated at 20 days in normal mice to the convex saturated at 12 days in toxoplasmic mice with the crossing at 18 days. Compared to normal mice, toxoplasmic mice presented CHS more severely in earlier times and then moderately in later times. These data suggest that host immune modification by T. gondii infection enhances CHS in early times of atopic stimulation but soothes the reaction of CHS in later times in mouse model.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.194-196
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• 2002

While ultraviolet radiation alters various cutaneous cell functions, little is known about photo-immunological and photobiological effects of infrared radiation (IR) on the skin except its local thermal effects. The fIrst part of this study demonstrated that single exposure of mouse skin to near IR (0.7 - 1.3 $\mu$m) reversibly suppressed the proliferating activity of the epidermis, the density of Langerhans cells, and the ability of skin to induce contact hypersensitivity reaction. The second part demonstrated that the rate of wound closure was significantly accelerated by repeated exposures in animal models. The production of transforming growth factor-$\beta$l and matrix metalloproteinase-2, which are responsible for the wound healing processes, was significantly upregulated by irradiation, as shown by enzyme immunoassay, zymography, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Thermal controls were negative. The results suggest that near-IR irradiation can modulate the epidermal proliferation and part of the skin immune system, and stimulate the wound healing processes, presumably by non-thermal effects.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.205-209
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• 1998

To evaluate immunotoxicity of skin decontamination kit(SDK) newly-developed in Agency for Defense Development(ADD), delayed contact hypersensitivity (maximization) test and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis(PCA) test of SDK were performed and the results were compared with those of M 291. In maximization test, sensitization reaction was induced by id injection (2.5 mg / 0.1 $\textrm{m}{\ell}$/ guinea pig or 2.5 mg+CFA/0.1 $\textrm{m}{\ell}$/guinea pig) and topical application (2.5 mg/$\textrm{m}{\ell}$/guinea pig) with SDK or M291 at an interval of 1 week, and 2 weeks later, challenged by topical application with 25 mg/$\textrm{m}{\ell}$/guinea pig. SDK and M291 did not induce any reactions, showing 0 point of sensitization score and 0% of sensitization rate. In conclusion, it is suggested that SDK and M291 do not induce delayed contact hypersensitivity. In PCA test, rats were administered id with mouse anti-SDK serum and challenged iv with a mixture of antigen SDK and Evan's blue. SDK did not induce blue spots at the injection sites of both high (2.5 mg/mouse) and low (1.25 mg/mouse) dose-induced antisera. In contrast, BSA, positive control produced spots larger than 5 mm in diameter at the injection sites of BSA-induced antiserum up to $2^2$ ~ $2^4$dilution. In conclusion, it is suggested that SDK do not induce IgE production and is not a PCA-reaction inducer.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.129-132
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• 2004

During the screening program to discover antiatopic agents from herbal formulas, we investigated the inhibitory effect of Hwangryunhaedoktang (HT) on passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and oxazolone-induced mouse ear dermatitis. HT significantly inhibited PCA reaction in mice at doses of 50 and 200 mg/kg with inhibitory activity of 31 and 53%, respectively. HT at concentration of 0.05 and 0.1% inhibited ear swelling by 23 and 46% at 16 days in oxazolone-induced mouse ear dermatitis. Both HT with anti without human intestinal microflora showed potent inhibitory activity on the ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase release induced by IgE. Based on these findings, HT may be a usable agent for skin disorder contact dermatitis.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.123-129
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• 2003

Experimental studies were done to research the dinical effects of Juglandis Semen aqua-acupuncture and acupuncture(BL 13) on the anti-allergic response. anaphylaxis provoked by the compound 48/80, delayed type hypersensitivity response to picryl chloride and SASC and inflammation response to egg albumin. The following results have been obtained: Juglandis Semen aqua-acupuncture and acupuncture(BL13) group were increased the survival rate in compound48/80 induced systemic anaphylactic reaction. Picryl chloride induced contact dermatitis and delayed type hypersensitivity in SRBC challenged mouse were significantly decreased in Juglandis Semen aqua-acupuncture and acupuncture (BL13) group. Inflammation response - WBC, CRP and Nitric Oxide in egg albumin induced allergic rat were significantly decreased in Juglandis Semen aqua-acupuncture and acupuncture(BL13) group. According to the above results, Semen aqua-acupuncture and acupuncture(BL13) both depress the allergy reaction.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.165-181
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• 2000

Sinichengpaeum has been widely used in the oriental medical treatment of nasal diseases. These studies were performed done to investigate the effect of Sinicheng- paeum on the anti-allergic action We studied the vascular permeability response induced by the histamine and serotonin injection(allergy Ⅰ type), homologous PCA provoked by the IgE-like antibody against EWA(allergy Ⅳ type), contact dermatitis induced by picryl chloride(allergy Ⅳ type), delayed type hypersensitivity response to SRBC (allergy Ⅳ type), and the amount of eosinophil and IgE. The results were as follows: 1. The effect of Sinichengpaeum on vascular permeability responses to intradermal histamine and serotonin were significant. 2. In the homologous PCA provoked by the IgE-like antibody against white egg albumin, Sinichengpaeum showed a significant effect. 3. In the delayed type hypersensitivity responses to picryl chloride, Sini-chengpaeum provoked a significant effect. 4. After reaction provoked by picryl chloride, Sinichengpaeum showed an insignficant effect on amount of eosinophil, but a significant effect in IgE amount. 5. In the delayed type hypersensitivity responses to SRBC, Sinichengpaeum provoked a significant effect. 6. After reaction provoked by SRBC, Sinichengpaeum showed a significant effect on amount of cosinophil, but an insignificant effect in IgE amount.