• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.219-229
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• 2020

This study evaluated the applicability of the convergence technology by deriving the optimum conditions about operating factors of electrical resistance heating to enhance the soil flushing effect on soil contaminated with bunker C oil in the coastal landfill area. As a result of the batch scale experiment, the flushing efficiency of the VG-2020 was higherthan that of the Tween-80, and the flushing efficiency increased by about 1.4 times at 60℃ compared to room temperature. As a result of the electrical resistance heating box experiment, soil temperature rose to 100℃ in about 40~80 minutes in soil with water content of 20~40%, and it was found that the heat transfer efficiency is excellent when the pipe-shaped electrode rod with STS 316 material is located in a triangular arrangement in saturated soil. In addition, it was confirmed that the interval between the electrode rods to maintain the soil temperature above 60℃ under the optimum conditions was 1.5 m, and the soil flushing box experiment accompanying electrical resistance heating showed TPH reduction efficiency of about 55% at 5 Pore Volume, and satisfied the Korean standard for the conservation of soil (less than TPH 2,000 mg/kg) at 10 Pore Volume.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.419-428
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• 2013

We identified the diversity, geographical distribution, ecological characteristics of birds, trees, and flowers species designated as local government symbols as a means for understanding public awareness on biodiversity. A total of 114 species including 48 birds, 40 flowers, 36 tree species belonging to 40 orders 59 families 90 genus were designated as natural symbols. Pica pica (L.) in birds, Rhododendron schlippenbachii Maxim. among flowers, have also been designated as symbols. The tree Ginkgo biloba L. was designated with the highest frequency. Local governments located coastal area were selected bird species of the Laridae family and the tree species Camellia japonica L., of Pinaceae as their natural symbols. In contrast, local governments located inland have designated resident bird species such as P. pica and Columba rupestris (Pallas) and flower species from the Ericaceae as natural symbols widely distributed and easily observed throughout South Korea. However, many local governments have designated the same species as a natural symbol based on their size color and public appeal and popularity. The information about the popular species and their ecological traits are useful for establishing the criteria as flagship or iconic species selection and their roles in habitat conservation.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.139-156
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• 1995

The purpose of the study is to examine the effects of Gifted Education Isnstitute of Korea (GEIK) programs for gifted children especially in the areas of reasoning skills and creativity, thereby proving the effectiveness of the program. The subjects are 136 (103 boys and 33 girls) fourth, fifth, and sixth grade gifted children, who have participated in GEIK programs for more than six moths. They were stratified by the length of participation in GEIK programs. Ninety four children have participated for more than one year. Forty-two children have participated for less than one year. Both groups are rather homogeneous in IQ scores and school achievement levels at the time of enterance into GEIK programs. Both a Group Assessment of Logical Thinking (GAIT) and a Creativity test were used for the study on reasoning skills and creativity. GALT, developed by V. Roadranka, R. H. Yeany and M. J. Padilla in 1983, consists of 12 questions. It is classified into six subscales: conservation, proportional reasoning, controlling variables, provability reasoning, correlational reasoning, and combinatorial reasoning. The reliability of this test is .85. This test recommends to classify the stages of child development as follows according to the total test score. 0-4 point: Concrete Stage, 5-7 points: Transitional Stage, and 8 and above points: Formal stage. The Creativity Test was developed by Y. Lee and W. Chung (1971). It consists of four components: fluency, flexibility, originality, and openness. Only both fluency and openness were used in this study. In order to analyze data, T-Test, Intercorrelational Analyses, ANOVA, and Nultiple Regression were used. Followings are the results deduced from the above analoyses of the data. First, 43.48% of the subjects were on Concrete Stage, 36.78% were on the Transitional Stage, and 19.86% were on the Formal Stage in the developmental level classified by Piaget. Second, the students who have participated in GEIK programs more than one year acquired significantly higher score in GALT than the students who have participated in GEIK programs less than one year. Third, boys showed higher score in GALT than girls did. Fourth, there were statistically significant intercorrelations between six subscales of GALT. Fifth, the students who have participated in GEIK programs more than one year acquired significantly higher score in openness of creativity test than the students who have participated in GEIK programs less than one year. There were no significant differences in openness of creativity test between boys and girls. Sixth, the students who have participated in GEIK programs more than one year acquired significantly higher score in fluency of creativity test than the students who have participated in GEIK programs less than one year. Girls showed higher score in fluency of creativity test than boys did. Seventh, the students who acquired higher score in GALT showed higher score in both openness and fluency of creativity test. Followings are the conclusions deduced form the above results. First, the developmental level of reasoning skills of the fourth grade students participationg in GEIK programs is the same as that of 7th grade of normal Korean students and the same as those of 10th grade of U.S.A. and Philipoine students. Second, the GEIK programs are effective in improving reasoning skills. Third, the GEIK programs are effective in improving creativity. Fouth, reasoning skills and creativity can be improved by well planned programs. In conclusion, this study suggests that beyond reasoning skills and creativity, other areas such as areas in science skills, mathmatical skills, or verbal skills, etc., should be studied in the future.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.476-493
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• 2013

Geoturism has been discussed from multiple perspectives in geomorphology and geology as well as tourism domain since 2000. As of May 2013, 172 academic papers and reports on Geoturism have been published in domestic journals. Themes of these researches can be categorized into 6 topics: resource development (i.e. natural resource development, cultural resource development, development of geopark), conservation and management, geoturist, local resident participation and public relations marketing, political approaches. Resource development among those topics has been treated the most: development and utilization of important geomorphological and geological landscape resources, storytelling development about cultual resources, contents development for geopark. On the whole, it is significant that geotourism is actively discussed in geography domain such as geomorphology rather than in geology domain. Up to date, those topics have also been treated only in certain academic areas. In the future researches, efforts for the balance among those topics and creating new themes from various research areas is necessary. Moreover, community networking among locals-municipalities-academia is also necessary to increase local participants.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.12-21
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• 2015

Social demand for ecological engineering and technology has increased in tandem with national economic growth in order to improve the environmental capacity of civil infrastructures. To meet this demand, the Korean Society of Ecology and Infrastructure Engineering (KSEIE) was established in January 2013 and has contributed to the development of ecological engineering technologies. However, the establishment of an educational system for human resources training in ecological engineering is still at an early stage, and it is imperative to develop a curriculum for producing the human resources that can understand and apply ecological principles and functions and that is equipped with the abilities required for ecological conservation, restoration, and creation. As part effort, the KSEIE held a forum, entitled Founding the Education for Ecological Engineering, to discuss the establishment of the education system for ecological engineering in Korea. In this paper, based on the discussions and suggestions made during the forum, we analyzed the current status of ecological engineering education in various disciplines - civil and construction engineering, biology and environment, and landscape planning - in domestic universities, and attempted to seek possible solutions based on the cases of foreign universities. Generally, ecology and other application curricula are taught as fragmented subjects and fields in domestic universities. The development of new education strategies and systematic curricula for multidisciplinary education, ecological response to climate change, and the expansion of research fields is required.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.365-373
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• 2013

Representative tidal gauging (TG) stations are selected to cover the tidal characteristics of the Korean peninsula coastal seas, and the statistical parameters of the data are analysed from the perspective of the probability distribution at that TG station. The shape of the distribution in the Incheon and Gunsan TG stations, which are tide-dominated areas, shows two clear modes at HWONT and LWONT in the distributions, and in the Mokpo station, shows an asymmetric double peak distribution. In contrast, the frequency distribution shape shows a smoothed flat peak in the Jeju, Yeosu and Busan TG stations, and a single peak in the Pohang and Sokcho TG stations. The emersion and submersion equations suggested as the 6-parameter Gaussian mixture models in this study are accurate, and well fitted to the observed tidal elevation data. The ${\mu}_1$, ${\mu}_2$ parameters are highly correlated to the LWONT and HWONT, and the ${\sigma}_1$ and ${\sigma}_2$ parameters are also closely correlated to the mean tidal range. The ${\mu}_1$ and ${\mu}_2$ parameters coincide with the modes of the suggested probability distribution of the hourly tidal level data.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.38-50
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• 2015

Appearance patterns of freshwater fish were investigated in the western Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) adjacent areas near Imjin River in Gyeonggi-do, Korea, of 2014. A total of 61 species belonging to 14 families were found in the river during the survey. The dominant and subdominant species were Zacco platypus (Relative abundance, 20.3%) and Zacco koreanus (12.6%), respectively. Other abundant species include Rhinogobius brunneus (9.2%), Pungtungia herzi (4.4%), Acheilognathus yamatsutae (4.4%), and Pseudogobio esocinus (4.0%). Among the residing species, 24 species (39.3%) were endemic to Korea; and 1 species, Carassius cuvieri, was non-indigenous species. Hemibarbus mylodon is a natural monument, and Lethenteron reissneri, Acheilognathus signifer, Pseudopungtungia tenuicorpa, Gobiobotia brevibarba, G. macrocephala, and G. naktongensis are endangered species in Korea. In addition, Anguilla japonica and Plecoglossus altivelis are catadromous and amphidromous species, respectively. Among the investigated sites, the lower part of Sami Stream (St. 5, 6) and Gunnarm-dam region (St. 11, 14) are particularly valuable for the conservation of species diversity, because many fish species (33~42 species) including a natural monument and several endangered species inhabit in these regions.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2015

Abstract The purpose of study is to identify the relationship between stable isotope composition of reed stems in coastal and understand the structure of the fish community in 10 lagoons along the East Sea. The fish species composition (particularly, anadromous fish species) and relative abundance of trophic guilds was influenced by difference of geomorphic characteristics among lagoons. Reed stems ${\delta}^{13}C$ and ${\delta}^{15}N$ values ranged from $-28.40{\pm}0.11$‰ to $-26.87{\pm}0.25$‰ and $-1.09{\pm}1.45$‰ to $12.08{\pm}0.53$‰, respectively. The differences in reed stem ${\delta}^{15}N$ values might be associated with anthropogenic landuse and the geomorphic characteristics among lagoons. These results provide useful information to improve the conservation of fish habitats (biodiversity), preserve lagoon habitats and contribute to watershed management effect against anthropogenic pollution from watershed in these lagoon ecosystems.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.260-264
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• 1983

Organic matters as COD, ignition loss, phaeophytin pigment, and sulfide in the superficial bottom mud in the shellfish farms during summer in 1981 were determined to find an eutrophication level for the conservation of the farms. Both the Goseong Bay and the Jaran Bay, which are productive shellfish farms, are located along the southern coast of the Korean Peninsula. The Goseong Bay is 8m deep with a narrow mouth and approximately $17.5km^2$ in area, and the Jaran Bay 10m deep with $27.3km^2$. The bottoms are silty. Major shellfishes cultured are the oyster by the off-bottom method and the arkshell in the bottom. COD contents were $12.5{\sim}19.5\;mg/g$ dry mud, ignition loss $6.70{\sim}11.83\%$, phaeophytin pigment $6.8{\sim}11.0{\mu}g/g$ dry mud, and sulfide $0.18{\sim}0.64{\mu}g/g$ dry mud. There were no significant differences in the determined quantities between two bays. All quantities except the sulfide which is a little over than an eutrophication level, 0.3 mg/g dry mud, shows that the bottom muds are in an early stage of eutrophication. In addition, there was no particular increase in quantities of aforementioned four paramenters in comparision with those of 1976. It means that the eutrophication in the Goseong-Jaran Bay makes slow progress.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.33
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• pp.109-124
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• 2012

Jangan-eup, located in Busan, South Korea,is a famous pottery-producing area in the Joseon Dynasty period. The aim of this paper was to determine the correlation of the pottery from each kiln site of Jangan-eup by analyzing the ingredients of clay as well as its production technique and firing condition. The materials that were used for the study were fragments of inlaid celadon, white porcelain, and white porcelain painted with underglazed iron excavated from six kiln sites of Jangan-eup:Sil-li, Daeryong-li, Hajangan-li, Sangjangan-li, Yongso-li, and Dumyeong-li. In each of the samples from the six kilns, cristobalite, mullite, and quats were found. The firing temperature distinguished from the crystal structure was higher in the following order: Dumyeongli>Sangjangan-li>Daeryong-li>Hajangan-li>Yongso-li>Sil-li. The samples were divided into four groups based on the ingredients of the clayfound therein: the Sil-li andDaeryong-li group, the Hajangan-li and Sangjangan-li group, the Yongso-li group, and the Dumyeong-li group. It was also found that the sample of Dumyeong-li was made using the most homogeneous clay compared with the other samples. The pottery of Jangan-eup had $40-400{\mu}m$ glaze, had bubbles in their bodies, and had $10-150{\mu}m$ sizes.