• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.21-42
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• 2021

This study was conducted to derive a Korean model that can permanently maintain and develop Korea. After analyzing Korean society, especially modern Korea, which was the foundation of the founding of the Republic of Korea, a Korean model that can lead Korean society as a sustainable society in human society was derived. The situation of Korea and Koreans was analyzed from a fundamental level. We analyzed the root causes of deepening division and conflict and vague concepts of freedom and justice, and presented a Korean model of the Republic of Korea based on the founding ideology and constitutional spirit of the Republic of Korea to solve these problems. The necessary conditions for being a Korean were derived from the founding ideology and constitutional spirit of the Republic of Korea, the indigenous ideology of Korea, and the fashion and lifestyle of Koreans, derived. In addition, basic axioms for the Korean model were presented, and the structure of the Korean model was designed based on this. The Korean model is presented so that Korean society can lead the human society and be happy for a long time. Reflecting the results of in-depth analysis of the ideological foundations of modern Koreans, a new long-term sustainable structure for Koreans with various ideologies to live well together was proposed. The new Korean model was named the service-oriented Korean model. This is because it is a model centered on thorough checks and balances between all opponents, because it is a multidimensional dynamic Korean model rather than a simple linear one-dimensional Korean model, and because it is a Hwajaengtaeguk model that accurately expresses the identity of Koreans. It was proposed as a model for the sustainable development of Korean society. A follow-up study on specific Korean education programs is needed in the future.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.90-103
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the anxiety arising from the budgetary and mental problems of graduate school students. Three graduate students majoring in Earth science examined conflict situations by using a narrative inquiry technique. First, participants become psychologically unstable due to a lack of knowledge in the field of Earth science, lack of mentors, lack of information related to academic schedules, late start compared to others, financial difficulties, and discrimination in the scholarship system. Second, participants felt hope from the perception that their lives are valuable, that they can change students for the better, and that they are developing themselves. Third, with their hope, the study participants bore the previously mentioned inferior situation mentioned above. They are, however, torn between becoming secondary school teachers and attempting to reroute their career path due to certain circumstances. Based on the results of the examination, the following conclusions were drawn. First, there should be improvements from graduate school management based on collecting and scrutinizing the demands of students in the to fulfill their needs. Second, providing psychological counseling for students who have problems overcoming their anxieties. This study expects graduate schools to not only emphasize training of incumbent teachers, but also suggest ways that can satisfy students to make better learning environment for all its members.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.333-359
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• 2017

We examined the moderator roles of negative belief in emotional expression and emotional clarity between work-life balance and psychological symptoms (depression, anxiety and somatization). Also we identified gender differences in their moderating effects. This study was based on a sample of 869 married working employees (man: 424, women: 445). Hierarchical moderated regression analyses showed that work-life balance, negative belief in emotional expression and emotional clarity were strongly associated with depression, anxiety and somatization. While negative belief in emotional expression significantly moderated the relationship between work-life balance and depression and anxiety, emotional clarity showed no significance. We found gender differences in moderating effects of two moderators. In specific, the only women who had more negative belief in emotional expression were more psychological symptoms in a low work-life balance situation. On the other hand, the only men who had higher emotional clarity were less depressive and anxious under the conditions of high work-life balance. We discussed about implications of these results.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.79-101
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• 2002

The present study was to investigate the psychological characteristics of Urie(義理; interpersonal morality) in Korean interpersonal relationships in terms of qualitative approach and quantitative approach. In study 1, the authors developed an open-ended questionnaire focused on Urie behavior and not Urie behavior. The results revealed that helping, trusting, and caring behaviors and historicality were the key elements of Urie relationships. On the other hand, selfish and distrusting behaviors disrupted Urie relationships. In study 2, the authors conducted video experiment in order to study how the subjects interpret and understand Urie phenomenon. This video stimulus composed of love and friendship. The main characters showed their conflicts between love and friendship. Thus, subjects were asked to answer their interpretations and understandings about what was going on according to the scene. In study 3, we made three kinds of scenarios which were constituted in conflict situation between close friends who works together at their own company. If one asks some favors to you against social justice, how do you do? Most subjects evaluated the whistle blowing behavior as moral and just. However, they evaluated the insider as not good friend. They evaluated one who did favor even though that behavior was socially unjust as good friend and having Urie. Consequently, Korean people emphasize on their human relationships in everyday life. Urie relationship is built in close and Cheong relationship.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.59-68
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• 2024

With advancements in artificial intelligence technology, intelligent CCTV systems are being deployed across various environments, such as river bridges and construction sites. However, a conflict arises regarding the opening and closing of rooftop access points due to concerns over potential accidents and crime incidents and their role as emergency evacuation spaces. While the relevant law typically mandates the constant opening of designated rooftop access points, closures are often tacitly permitted in practice for security reasons, with a lack of appropriate legal measures. In this context, this study proposes a detection system utilizing intelligent CCTV to respond to emergencies that may occur on rooftops. We develop a system based on the YOLOv5 object detection model to detect assault and suicide attempts by jumping, introducing a new metric to assess them. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system rapidly detects assault and suicide attempts with high accuracy. Additionally, through a legal analysis of rooftop access point management, deficiencies in the legal framework regarding rooftop access and CCTV installation are identified, and improvement measures are proposed. With technological and legal improvements, we believe that crime and accident incidents in rooftop environments will decrease.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.67
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• pp.177-208
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• 2014

This study inquires how human interest news on society section of newspapers had been modulated as multi-layered political narratives that would consistently have Koreans consider, realize and question on colonial situation as well as ethnic identity. Under totalitarian censorship of the colonial government, newspapers could not publish reports on political issues and current affairs, so society page of human interest such as crime, accident, conflict, disaster, and many kinds of sufferings of peoples to death would take great public attention and consequently be considered as a substitute of political section. Society page had enjoyed its influence on formation of public opinion of the colonized ethnic society and had maintained cultural-nationalist position ever since the founding of newspaper in mother-tongue in 1920. In colonial context, there is nothing non-political to the lives of the colonized, social facts would be necessary and happen to be modulated into a narrative that could trigger nationalist sentiment. For this end, news reporting of society section usually concentrated on aspects of 'Les Mis${\acute{e}}$rqbles', dramatic quality, and psychological factors in detail. Narrative style of news reporting got used to modulate factual informations with a proper taste of exaggeration, emotional expression, and commercial touch of exciting words. Even in a case of death by drug abuse, news was written to indicate what made him/her drive to miserable death on street, that is, what is de facto reason of all of social problems like as migration, hunger, leaving home, crime, suicide, violence, gambling, love affairs to death, adultery, and even opium habit. Those social problems and personal sufferings appeared up on newspaper 3rd page at daily base. Readers could acknowledge and identify what the real matter that should be resolved and then blame colonialism, capitalism, and militarism for those social problems. Journalists put values on inciting the colonized to realize the national and ethnic situation and feel sympathy for their people tied up by a common destiny. In this terms, news on society section of newspaper under Colonial Occupation were encoded as narratives of politically layered text and then decoded as intriguing sentiments against colonial dominance. I argue that society page of newspaper of colonial period engaged in a sort of cultural politics of sentiment and emotion which is a private area outside of imperial sight.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• no.12
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• pp.47-50
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• 1970

There are many factors affecting the development of sericultural industry in Korea. The setting of a rational pricing system for sericultural products is one of important activities of the Korean Government to improve the incentives to producers. The determination o： the prices for many years were based on the production costs including a certain level of profits. Some of cost items are in conflict both in cocoon producers and silk-reeling industries. Government officials have to evaluate these conflicting problems and estimate the consequences of their decisions. In this situation the final decision often became political decisions. This analysis is aimed at providing an alternative method of setting the prices of sericultural products. The criteria of the equilibrium employed in this analysis are based on economic principle which equilibrium condition is determined by the relationships between the marginal productivity of input factors and factor prices. In order to obtain the related information Cobb-Douglas'functions were fitted using KIST computer and data were obtained mostly from the Bank of Korea and the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestru, An important assumption is that "Opportunity Costs" of factors input in both cocoon production and silk-Peeling industries are same, The major finding s obtained are as followings. 1) The sum of coefficient of production elastisity in silk-reeling industries is greater than one. Silk-reeling industries are operating under the situation of increasing return to scale and it is, therefore, expected to develop the industries as the capital-intensive large scale. 2) The cocoon producing farmers are under the situations of the decreasing return to scale and it is expected to continue their cocoon farming as the labor-intensive small scale, assuming the present level of production technology. As the development of commercial farming, the resources input in cocoon production will be shifted to the production for higher profitable crops, 3) The price elastisity of production is higher in cocoon production than in silk-reeling industries. It is expected that the price changing effects on domestic production will be resulted from cocoon producers. 4) Based on analysis results of marginal productivities and the opportunity costs of resources, cocoon price for meeting equilibrium price condition is to be increased by 8-16 percent or standard price level of silk increased by 6-8 percent. There were the possibilities of over evaluation on opportunity cost of resources input in silk-reeling industries, or income transfered from the farmers to the industries. It is recommended that the prices for meeting equilibrium price conditions are to be determined by 72 percent for cocoon and 28 percent for silk-reeling costs, based on standard level of the exporting prices.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.582-598
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• 2000

There are many bioethical issues in line with the rapid advance of biology. In this situation, it is important for students to make a rational decision on value problem. In this study 'value inquiry in biology education' is defined as 'the process of rational value judgement and wise decision-making in the biology-related value problem' and the model was developed. To develop the model, value inquiry models were reviewed. Value clarification model is helpful for the formation of the personal value as the process of individual value inquiry, but it isn't helpful for clarifying the value conflicts. Value analysis model focuses on the rational solution of value problem through the logical procedure. But it has the limitations that overemphasizing the logical and systematic aspects results in devaluating students' affective aspects. So it is necessary to coordinate psychological and logical aspects of value inquiry. In this regard, the model was developed, including identifying and clarifying value problem, understanding biological knowledge related to conflict situation, considering on the related persons, searching for alternatives, predicting the consequences of each alternative, selecting the alternative, evaluating the alternative, and final value judgement and affirming it. The educational objectives of value inquiry were selected in consideration of the ability to carry out the steps of the developed model. And the selected contents were animal duplication, test-tube baby, genetic engineering, growth hormone injection problem, brain death, organ transplant, animal to be experimented and were organized on the basis of the 6th and the 7th science curriculum. And the suitable instructional models for the value inquiry education were selected: bioethical value clarification decision-making model, group presentation according to the value analysis model, role play and debate, and discussion through web forum. And the interview was considered to be suitable to evaluate the students' value inquiry ability and the rubric was made to evaluate the attainment of the educational objectives for value inquiry.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.81-93
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• 2022

Since 2008, China's shipping industry has been in a slump, with shipbuilding orders falling sharply, and high-growth excess capacity has become increasingly apparent, leaving many firms with sharply reduced orders at risk of bankruptcy and shutdown. To ensure the development of the shipbuilding industry and enhance the international competitiveness of the shipbuilding industry, it is necessary to analyze the present situation of the shipbuilding industry and the financial situation of the shipbuilding enterprises. And analyzing the problems faced by enterprises from the perspective of capital structure is very meaningful to the shipbuilders with high capital operation. We are trying to analyze the determinants of capital structure of China's shipbuilding listed companies. 30 listed Chinese shipbuilding and listed companies have been designated as sample companies that can obtain financial statements for 13 consecutive years. They also divided 30 sample companies into shipbuilding, shipbuilding-related manufacturing, and shipbuilding-related transportation. Dependent variable is the debt level of the year, independent variable includes the debt level of the previous year, fixed asset ratio, profitability ratio, depreciation cost ratio and asset size. The regression model of the panel used to analyze determinants is capital structure. The results of the empirical analysis are as follows. First, a fixed-effect model for the entire entity showed that the debt-to-equity ratio and the size of the asset in the previous period had a positive effect on the debt-to-equity ratio in the current period. Second, the impact of the profitability ratio on the debt level in the prior term also supports the capital procurement ranking theory rather than the static counter-conflict theory. Third, it was shown that the ratio of the depreciation of the prior term, which replaces the non-liability tax effect, affects the debt-to-equity ratio in the current period.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.51-64
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• 1997

The purpose of the study was to introduce an integrated approach of new Casuistry and specified principlism in resolving ethical problems and studying nursing ethics. In studying clinical ethics and nursing ethics, there is no systematic research method. While nurses often experience ethical dilemmas in practice, much of previous research on nursing ethics has focused merely on describing the existing problems. In addition, ethists presented theoretical analysis and critics rather than providing the specific problems solving strategies. There is a need in clinical situations for an integrated method which can provide the objective description for existing problem situations as well as specific problem solving methods. We inherit two distinct ways of discussing ethical issues. One of these frames these issues in terms of principles, rules, and other general ideas; the other focuses on the specific features of particular kinds of moral cases. In the first way general ethical rules relate to specific moral cases in a theoretical manner, with universal rules serving as "axioms" from which particular moral judgments are deduced as theorems. In the seconds, this relation is frankly practical. with general moral rules serving as "maxims", which can be fully understood only in terms of the paradigmatic cases that define their meaning and force. Theoretical arguments are structured in ways that free them from any dependence on the circumstances of their presentation and ensure them a validity of a kind that is not affected by the practical context of use. In formal arguments particular conclusions are deduced from("entailed by") the initial axioms or universal principles that are the apex of the argument. So the truth or certainty that attaches to those axioms flows downward to the specific instances to be "proved". In the language of formal logic, the axioms are major premises, the facts that specify the present instance are minor premises, and the conclusion to be "proved" is deduced (follows necessarily) from the initial presises. Practical arguments, by contrast, involve a wider range of factors than formal deductions and are read with an eye to their occasion of use. Instead of aiming at strict entailments, they draw on the outcomes of previous experience, carrying over the procedures used to resolve earlier problems and reapply them in new problmatic situations. Practical arguments depend for their power on how closely the present circumstances resemble those of the earlier precedent cases for which this particular type of argument was originally devised. So. in practical arguments, the truths and certitudes established in the precedent cases pass sideways, so as to provide "resolutions" of later problems. In the language of rational analysis, the facts of the present case define the gounds on which any resolution must be based; the general considerations that carried wight in similar situations provide warrants that help settle future cases. So the resolution of any problem holds good presumptively; its strengh depends on the similarities between the present case and the prededents; and its soundness can be challenged (or rebutted) in situations that are recognized ans exceptional. Jonsen & Toulmin (1988), and Jonsen (1991) introduce New Casuistry as a practical method. The oxford English Dictionary defines casuistry quite accurately as "that part of ethics which resolves cases of conscience, applying the general rules of religion and morality to particular instances in which circumstances alter cases or in which there appears to be a conflict of duties." They modified the casuistry of the medieval ages to use in clinical situations which is characterized by "the typology of cases and the analogy as an inference method". A case is the unit of analysis. The structure of case was made with interaction of situation and moral rules. The situation is what surrounds or stands around. The moral rule is the essence of case. The analogy can be objective because "the grounds, the warrants, the theoretical backing, the modal qualifiers" are identified in the cases. The specified principlism was the method that Degrazia (1992) integrated the principlism and the specification introduced by Richardson (1990). In this method, the principle is specified by adding information about limitations of the scope and restricting the range of the principle. This should be substantive qualifications. The integrated method is an combination of the New Casuistry and the specified principlism. For example, the study was "Ethical problems experienced by nurses in the care of terminally ill patients"(Um, 1994). A semi-structured in-depth interview was conducted for fifteen nurses who mainly took care of terminally ill patients. The first stage, twenty one cases were identified as relevant to the topic, and then were classified to four types of problems. For instance, one of these types was the patient's refusal of care. The second stage, the ethical problems in the case were defined, and then the case was analyzed. This was to analyze the reasons, the ethical values, and the related ethical principles in the cases. Then the interpretation was synthetically done by integration of the result of analysis and the situation. The third stage was the ordering phase of the cases, which was done according to the result of the interpretation and the common principles in the cases. The first two stages describe the methodology of new casuistry, and the final stage was for the methodology of the specified principlism. The common principles were the principle of autonomy and the principle of caring. The principle of autonomy was specified; when competent patients refused care, nurse should discontinue the care to respect for the patients' decision. The principle of caring was also specified; when the competent patients refused care, nurses should continue to provide the care in spite of the patients' refusal to preserve their life. These specification may lead the opposite behavior, which emphasizes the importance of nurse's will and intentions to make their decision in the clinical situations.