• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.283-290
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• 1999

A practical damage identification scheme for PS concrete bridges via modal testing and system identification (SID) procedures is presented. The potential damage types are classified and the possible approaches which can be implemented into each damage type are designed. Damage identification algorithms are developed on the basis of the SID and modal analysis. The feasibility of the algorithms is verified from experimental tests to detect damage in PS concrete beam structures.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.91-96
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• 1994

The growth and propagation of microcracks existed in concrete cause failure of concrete. This is called "damage". The concepts of two principles, equivalent strain principle and equivalent energy principle, are reviewed and compared in the case of uniaxial compressior to concrete. The damage evolution law and constitutive equation are derived by using the Helmholz free energy and the dissipation potential by means of the thermodynamic principles.rinciples.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.159-171
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• 2014

Real-time near and far-field monitoring of concrete structural components gives enough information on the time and condition at which damage occurs, thereby facilitating damage detection while in the same time evaluate the cause of the damage. This paper experimentally investigates an integrated monitoring technique for near and far-field damage detection in concrete structures based on simultaneous use of electromechanical admittance technique in combination with guided wave propagation. The proposed sensing system does not measure the electromechanical admittance itself but detect time variations in output voltages of the response signal obtained across the electrodes of piezoelectric transducers bonded on surfaces of concrete structures. The damage identification is based on the spectral estimation MUSIC algorithm. Experimental results show the efficiency and performance of the proposed measuring technique.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.683-701
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• 2015

When approached using nonlinear finite element (FE) techniques, structural analyses generate, for real RC structures, large complex numerical problems. Damage is a major part of concrete behavior, and the discretization technique is critical to limiting the size of the problem. Based on previous work, the ${\mu}$ damage model has been designed to activate the various damage effects correlated with monotonic and cyclic loading, including unilateral effects. Assumptions are formulated to simplify constitutive relationships while still allowing for a correct description of the main nonlinear effects. After presenting classical 2D finite element applications on structural elements, an enhanced simplified FE description including a damage description and based on the use of multi-fiber beam elements is provided. Improvements to this description are introduced both to prevent dependency on mesh size as damage evolves and to take into account specific phenomena (permanent strains and damping, steel-concrete debonding). Applications on RC structures subjected to cyclic loads are discussed, and results lead to justifying the various concepts and assumptions explained.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.73-81
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• 2003

In this paper, salt damage resistance of high durable concrete was tested. High durable concrete was made by using low water cement ratio, chemical admixture called super-durable admixture and mineral admixtures such as fly-ash, ground granulated blast-furnace slag, silica fume. Two kinds of salt damage resistance test were carried out. One method is chloride ion penetration test(ASTM C1202), and the other one is depth of chloride penetration test in saline solution. Test results were as followers: 1) The depth of chloride ion penetration increased exponentially as water cement ratio was increased and time passed. 2) Super-durable admixture had little effect on the improvement of salt damage resistance of concrete. 3) Silica fume and ground granulated blast-furnace slag were effective on salt damage resistance because of pozzolanic reaction, but fly-ash had a little effect.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.301-308
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• 2024

This paper proposes a numerically-based methodology to implicitly model irreversible deformations in concrete through a damage model. Plasticity theory is not explicitly employed, although resemblances are still present. A scalar isotropic damage model is adopted and the damage variable is split in two: one contributing for stiffness degradation (cracking) and other contributing for irreversible deformations (plasticity). The proposed methodology is thermodynamically consistent as it consists in a damage model rewritten in different terms. Its Finite Element coding is presented, indicating that minor changes are necessary. It is also demonstrated that nonlinear algorithms are unnecessary to model concrete cracking and plasticity. Experimental data from direct tension and four-point bending tests under cyclic loading are compared to the proposed methodology. A numerical case study of a low-cycle fatigue is also presented. It can be concluded that the model is simple, feasible and capable to capture the essentials concerning cracking and plasticity.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.599-611
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• 2017

This paper improves seismic fragility of a typical steel-concrete composite bridge with the deck-to-pier connection joint configuration at the concrete crossbeam (CCB). Based on the quasi-static test on a typical steel-concrete composite bridge model under the SEQBRI project, the damage states for both of the critical components, the CCB and the pier, are identified. The finite element model is developed, and calibrated using the experimental data to model the damage states of the CCB and the bridge pier as observed from the experiment of the test specimen. Then the component fragility curves for both of the CCB and the pier are derived and combined to develop the system fragility curves of the bridge. The uncertainty associated with the mean system fragility has been discussed and quantified. The study reveals that the CCB is more vulnerable than the pier for certain damage states and the typical steel-concrete composite bridge with CCB exhibits desirable seismic performance.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.172-178
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• 1995

Concrete contains numerous microcracks at initially poured. The growth and propagation of nicrockacsk are believed tc finally incur the faiure of concrete. These processings are understood as a damage. Damage IS represented as a second-order tensor and crack is treated as a con tinuum phenomenon. In this paper, damage is characterized through the effective stress concept together with the hypothesis of elastic energy equivalence, and damage evolution law and constitutive equation of a damage model are derived by using the Helmholtz frte eriergy and the dissipation potential by means of the thermodynamic principles. The constitutive equation of the model includes the effects of elasticity, anisotropic damage and plasticity of concrete. There are two effective tangent stiffness tensors in this model : one is for elastic-darnage and the other for plastic damage. For the verification of the model, finite element analysis was performed for the analysis of concrete subjec:t to uniaxial and biaxial loading and the results obtained were compared with test results.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.353-358
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• 2002

The purpose of this paper was to estimate the cumulative damage of pavement concrete by split tension fatigue test. The split tension fatigue test of variable amplitude loading were performed in two and three stages. The results of the fatigue test by variable amplitude loading showed that the sums of damage were greater than 1 in the increasing sequence loading tests, and less than 1 in the decreasing sequence loading tests. The remaining life estimated by equivalent damage theory was almost similar to that of experimental results.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.629-634
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• 2001

Recently, to consider financial and constructive aspect, usage of Admixture, like Blast-Furnace Slag and Fly-Ash, are increased. Also the use of cold-weather-concrete is increased. Blast-furnace Slag, a by-product of steel industry, have many advantage, to reduce the heat of hydration, increase in ultimate strength and etc. But it also reduces early-age strength, so it is prevented from using of Blast-Furnace Slag at cold-weather-concrete. In this study, for the purpose of increasing usage of Blast-Furnace Slag at cold-weather-concrete, it is investigated the strength properties of concrete subjected to frost damage for the cause of early age curing. According to this study, if early curing is carried out before having frost damage, the strength of concrete, subjected to frost damage, is recovered. And that properties is not connected with the frost cause.