• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.699-706
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate high school students' conceptions and conceptual types on molecular kinetic theory of gases. Data was collected by a series of semi-structured and in-depth interviews, and has been analyzed. This study showed that the students came to science classes with various prior conceptions of many disciplinary topics. Their conceptual types of their prior knowledge were distinguished as superficial terms-speaking, partial sense-making, and causal sense-making by the degrees of organization and elaboration of conceptual networks. These conceptual types had influence on the ways students understand and think of science, a stability of their conceptions, a tendency to distinguish school science from everyday science, and building a meaning of concept in contexts. It was referred that the students didn't have proper understanding on the nature of scientific knowledge and had been limited their participations as active learners. Therefore, in order for students to experience conceptual change, they must have opportunities of manifesting their own thinking, taking part in discussions, and promoting their motivations and metacognition of knowing and learning science.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.139-150
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• 2021

Object orientation has become the predominant paradigm for conceptual modeling (e.g., UML), where the notions of class and object form the primitive building blocks of thought. Classes act as templates for objects that have attributes and methods (actions). The modeled systems are not even necessarily software systems: They can be human and artificial systems of many different kinds (e.g., teaching and learning systems). The UML class diagram is described as a central component of model-driven software development. It is the most common diagram in object-oriented models and used to model the static design view of a system. Objects both carry data and execute actions. According to some authorities in modeling, a certain degree of difficulty exists in understanding the semantics of these notions in UML class diagrams. Some researchers claim class diagrams have limited use for conceptual analysis and that they are best used for logical design. Performing conceptual analysis should not concern the ways facts are grouped into structures. Whether a fact will end up in the design as an attribute is not a conceptual issue. UML leads to drilling down into physical design details (e.g., private/public attributes, encapsulated operations, and navigating direction of an association). This paper is a venture to further the understanding of object-orientated concepts as exemplified in UML with the aim of developing a broad comprehension of conceptual modeling fundamentals. Thinging machine (TM) modeling is a new modeling language employed in such an undertaking. TM modeling interlaces structure (components) and actionality where actions infiltrate the attributes as much as the classes. Although space limitations affect some aspects of the class diagram, the concluding assessment of this study reveals the class description is a kind of shorthand for a richer sematic TM construct.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.91-100
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of Web-based self-directed learning and types of learning on the academic achievement and study attitudes of students. The subject of this study consists of 66 students of a high school. The group is divided into two subgroup. the self-directed learning group and teacher-guided learning group. each of which has 33 students. The results show that self-directed learning group improve academic achievement more than teacher-guided learning group. Especially. conceptual knowledge was more improved than principle-related knowledge. Self-directed learning proved to improve the subjects' study attitudes more than teacher-guided learning.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.45-70
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• 2002

This paper examines the role of distance learning self-efficacy, belief in one's capabilities of using a system in the accomplishment of web-based distance learning, in predicting user intention to use and performance of distance learning system. It used self-efficacy theory and technology acceptance model(TAM) to build a model that predicts relationships between antecedents to students' distance learning self-efficacy assessments and their behavioral and attitudinal consequences. The model was tested using LISREL analysis on the sample of 250 students who have worked with the Distance Learning System. The results indicated partial support for the conceptual model. In accordance with TAM, perceived usefulness had strong direct effects on intention to use and performance, while perceived ease of use had both direct and indirect effects on intention to use, but not performance. Distance learning self-efficacy had only direct effect on perceived ease of use to use. Computer experience was found to have a strong positive effect on distance learning self-efficacy, and computer anxiety had a negative effect on distance learning self-efficacy. Implications of these findings are discussed for researchers and practitioners.

• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.53-61
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• 2024

With the rapid development of technology and societal change, a shift from traditional classroom instruction to more diverse educational methods in medical education is necessary. As an effective approach to providing flexibility and accessibility while maintaining the benefits of face-to-face interactions, blended learning, which integrates online and offline learning, has gained attention. This study examines the current status and best practices of the aforementioned blended learning, analyzes its application in domestic and international contexts, and derives effective instructional design strategies. A comprehensive review of previous research and empirical cases reveals a conceptual framework and core principles for designing such blended learning. Key considerations include strategic integration of online and offline activities, facilitation of self-directed learning and interaction, effective use of technology, and continuous quality improvement. Furthermore, we suggest contextually relevant strategies, such as designing curricula focused on clinical reasoning, providing iterative practice opportunities, enhancing reflection, and fostering future competencies. The case analysis establishes that blended learning is implemented in various forms across different medical schools and curricula. Common features include the linkage of online and offline learning, incorporation of learner-centered methods, and emphasis on practical competencies. However, the limited number of cases suggests that generalizations may be premature. Successful implementation requires multifaceted efforts, including gradual introduction, faculty support, flexible curricula, safety measures, and institutional support. Accumulating empirical research and evidence of their effectiveness can facilitate their wider dissemination. This study provides implications and future directions for innovative medical education using hybrid learning.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.156-167
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• 2009

This study investigated the effects of dynamic visual on students' field independence-dependence on connecting errors and conceptual understanding in learning chemistry concepts with multiple representations. Seventh graders (N=123) at a co-ed middle school were assigned to a static visual (SV) group learning with text and static visual, and a dynamic visual (DV) group learning with text and dynamic visual. The students then learned 'Boyle's Law' and 'Charles's Law' for two class periods. Results revealed that the percentages of the DV group were lower than those of the SV group on connecting errors. However, the percentages of the students' connecting errors were still high regardless of their field independence-dependence. There was a little different tendency in the percentages of connecting errors between the two groups by students' field independence-dependence according to the types of connecting errors. The scores of the DV group were significantly higher than those of the SV group in a test on conceptual understanding. However, there was no significant interaction between the instruction and the students' field independence-dependence. Educational implications of these findings are discussed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.30-41
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• 2018

This phenomenological study aims to explore Nursing Students' Experiences who have experienced team-based learning (TBL). The purpose of this study is to contribute to fostering professional nurses required in the clinical field by improving the learning outcomes by applying the TBL classes. The study participants were seven students of the nursing department who took TBL classes in adult nursing classes. The data were collected through participating observations and in-depth interviews, and analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological methods. As a result of the study, nine conceptual descriptions and five theme clusters were derived. The major theme clusters for the experiences of students were 'Dedication to best results', 'Self-led learning attitudes are formed', 'Becoming a communal knowledge creator', 'Active class time', and 'Meaningless peer evaluation'. Nine conceptual descriptions were 'Doing one's best to fulfill one's role', 'Preparing for the class with the pre-learning', 'Forming confidence through pre-learning', 'Solving problems through interaction with friends', 'Becoming a mentor to each other', 'Working together to resolve issues', 'Intimacy formed', 'A lively class', and 'Peer evaluation with familiarity'. This study contributes to the improvement of the learning outcomes of the nursing students by enabling learner-centered classes and self-led learning, thereby contributing to fostering the professional nursing manpower required in the clinical field.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.17-25
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• 2017

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to present a framework for determining the most appropriate business model for e-learning. Research design, data, and methodology - The Electronics Branch of Azad University has been elected as a case study in this research. This study conducted using a descriptive method. The information was obtained using interviews with experts including managers, faculty and students at the Electronics Branch of Azad University. Results - Three service-product system (product oriented system, use an oriented and result oriented system) approaches determined a framework for the formation of a portfolio. This portfolio is including three types of e-learning business models. Examining the relevant characteristics, correspondence of behaviorism learning theory with a product-oriented approach, correspondence of cognitivism theory with a user-oriented approach and in finally match correspondence of constructivist learning theory with a results-oriented approach which is evident. Conclusions - After reviewing the literature on the fields of e-learning, business model and product - service systems, we have achieved three types of e-learning business models. Then the variables in any of the business models were defined by using business model canvas tool and thus a portfolio consisting of three types of e-learning business model canvas was obtained.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.338-345
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• 2006

study investigated the effect of an instruction using generating analogy on scientific conceptual understanding, science learning motivation, attitude toward science instruction, and perception of instruction. Two classes of seventh graders at a middle school in Seoul were randomly assigned to the treatment group and the control group, and they were taught about the motion of molecules for 5 class hours. The instruction for treatment group was developed based on the Glynns Teaching-With-Analogy model. Two-way ANCOVA results revealed that the scores of the treatment group were significantly higher than those of the control group in the conception test. However, there was no significant difference between two groups in the science learning motivation test and the test on the attitude toward science instruction. Survey results on the students perception of instruction showed that generating analogy was hard for the greater part of students, and finding appropriate analog was the most difficult work. Educational implications are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.71-96
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• 2024

This study focused on the fact that limitations of implementing school-centric models and standards of information literacy construction. This study was conducted with the purpose of developing and validating an instructional model to effectively design and practice online information literacy instruction for upper elementary school students based on a public library. Through a review of prior literature and analysis of current status and cases, a primary model was developed including the definition and area of information literacy, learning stages and activities, conceptual and procedural model, and teaching and learning plan. In addition, the first and second expert surveys were conducted to evaluate the internal validity of the model. The final model was derived by synthesizing and converging the collected opinions. As a result of the study, the final model consisted of 7 areas: 'Information literacy concept', 'Instruction component area', 'Conceptual model', 'Procedure model', 'Design principles and detailed guidelines', and 'Learning Steps and Activities' and 'Teaching and Learning Plan'.